A vertically aligned carbon nanotube/fiber based electrode for economic hydrogen production by water electrolysis

Electrolysis is the most mature form of hydrogen production. Unfortunately, water electrolysis has not yet achieved the efficiency and the cost levels required for any practical application. In order to enhance the current density, modification of the electrolyte and the electrode morphology are the most popular approaches. Recently there have been numerous reports on how to improve the efficiency of hydrogen production by water splitting [1-3]. On the electrode side, the use of non-platinum high efficiency electrode materials for water splitting will provide a promising future for the hydrogen economy. An ideal electrode for water electrolysis should have good permeability to water and gas. It should also offer good electrical properties with a long life. A porous graphite plate, when coated with titania, for example, is known to provide a simple and economical electrode for water electrolysis [4]. © 2010 IEEE.

麂属(Muntiacus)动物线粒体DNA多态性及其遗传分化

以线粒体DNA限制性片段多态性分析表明, 在现生麂类中, 黑麂和贡山麂之间的亲缘关系最 近, 遗传距离为P=0.0126, 两者在大约距今0.6Ma前开始分化; 赤麂、黑麂和小麂之间的亲 缘关系比较复杂。毛冠麂与麂属动物有一定的亲缘关系(P=0.0684), 林麂与它们的关系则远(P=0.119)。图3表3参19

水生植物叶片的分形特征研究

应用分形几何理论对保安湖部分水生植物叶的分形特征进行研究 ,以寻找其中的自相似性特征 ,计算其分形维数 ,并力图了解各个分维的生态学含义。计算得到各物种分维平均值 ,马来眼子菜为 1 441(1 3 2 2 -1 52 0 ,sd =0 0 547) ,菹草为 1 472 (1 3 81-1 565,sd =0 0 489) ,大茨藻为 1 3 2 5(1 2 0 9-1 40 6,sd =0 0 470 ) ,轮叶黑藻为 1 10 3(1 0 0 1-1 2 17,sd =0 0 456)。按分维值排序

Complex study of transport AC loss in various 2G HTS racetrack coils

HTS racetrack coils are becoming important elements of an emerging number of superconducting devices such as generators or motors. In these devices the issue of AC loss is crucial, as performance and cooling power are derived from this quantity. This paper presents a comparative study of transport AC loss in two different types of 2G HTS racetrack coils. In this study, both experimental measurements and computer simulation approaches were employed. All the experiments were performed using classical AC electrical method. The finite-element computer model was used to estimate electromagnetic properties and calculate transport AC loss. The main difference between the characterized coils is covered inside tape architectures. While one coil uses tape based on RABITS magnetic substrate, the second coil uses a non-magnetic tape. Ferromagnetic loss caused by a magnetic substrate is an important issue involved in the total AC loss. As a result, the coil with the magnetic substrate surprised with high AC loss and rather low performance. © 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

回转器模拟微重力刺激对不同品系稻田鱼腥藻代谢特性的影响

以稻田鱼腥藻空间搭载克隆株 (AoSR1 6)、回复再搭载克隆株 (AoSR1 6 1 7)和原始出发株 (AnabeanaoryzaHB2 3)为材料 ,通过回转器模拟微重力刺激实验 ,对不同品系稻田鱼腥藻的微重力生物学效应进行了分析。结果发现 ,模拟微重力刺激对稻田鱼腥藻不同品系均表现出一定的生长刺激效应 ,尤为空间飞行后的克隆株更为明显。比较三个品系在微重力刺激下的光合与呼吸活性 ,原始出发株的光合与呼吸活性明显高于空间搭载株。在回转器培养情况下 ,具有高固氮酶活性的克隆株 (AoSR1 6和AoS

多甲藻素在一种海生黄藻中的存在

采用聚酰胺薄层层析分离、分光光度法 ,对一种海生超微型黄藻品系PP983的色素组成进行了研究测定。结果表明 ,该黄藻中只含有叶绿素a而不含叶绿素c,检出 8种类胡萝卜素 ,除作为黄藻特征色素的Heteroxanthin和Vaucheriaxanthin两种外 ,还发现该藻含有一个吸收峰在 471nm ,呈现多甲藻素 (peridinin)特征的色素。用高效液相色谱 (HPLC) ,并以微小多甲藻 (Peridiniumpusillum)作对照 ,对其光合色素作进一步的分析 ,确证该黄藻中不含有叶绿素c而含

中华鲟(Acipenser sinensis)间的长度变异与个体内的长度异质性

用PCR技术扩增中华鲟（Acipensersinensis）线粒体DNA（mtDNA）控制区（D－loop）时，发现中华鲟天然群体内存在个体间和个体内的mtDNA长度变异现象。DNA测序表明，长度变异发生在mtDNAryloop靠近tRANpro的位置，由长约82碱基对（bp）的重复序列串联形成的。由个体内mtDNA长度变异造成的异质性个体比例为57.4％，非异质性（同质性）个体的比例为426％。非异质性个体间的mtDNA的大小也不一样，存在长度变异。在非异质性个体中，有2、3、4、5个串联重复序列形成的

Model based control for closed loop testing of 1-D engine simulation models

1-D engine simulation models are widely used for the analysis and verification of air-path design concepts and prediction of the resulting engine transient response. The latter often requires closed loop control over the model to ensure operation within physical limits and tracking of reference signals. For this purpose, a particular implementation of Model Predictive Control (MPC) based on a corresponding Mean Value Engine Model (MVEM) is reported here. The MVEM is linearised on-line at each operating point to allow for the formulation of quadratic programming (QP) problems, which are solved as the part of the proposed MPC algorithm. The MPC output is used to control a 1-D engine model. The closed loop performance of such a system is benchmarked against the solution of a related optimal control problem (OCP). As an example this study is focused on the transient response of a light-duty car Diesel engine. For the cases examined the proposed controller implementation gives a more systematic procedure than other ad-hoc approaches that require considerable tuning effort. © 2012 IFAC.