Contribuição ao estudo da reação á tricofitina nas dermatofitoses

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Feasibility of oncoplastic techniques in the surgical management of locally advanced breast cancer

Background: Locally advanced breast cancer (LABC) is still common in developing countries. The association between neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NC) and oncoplastic surgery (OS) might provide an oncological treatment with satisfactory aesthetic results.Purpose: The goal was to demonstrate if oncoplastic surgical techniques can be utilized to treat LABC which was submitted to neoadjuvant chemotherapy.Methods: This prospective clinical trial included breast cancer patients, clinical stage III, who underwent established NC regimen. All patients underwent preoperative planning to control the tumor size and to define the surgical technique. A detailed analysis of the pathological specimen was performed.Results: 50 patients were assessed and surgically treated. Tumor size ranged from 3.0 to 14.0 cm (median 6.5 cm). Pathologic response was rated as stable, progressive, partial response, and complete response in 10%, 8%, 80% and 2% of the cases, respectively. Seventeen (34%) patients were submitted to OS. No patient had positive margins. Skin involvement was presented in 36% of pathologic specimen.Conclusions: Oncoplastic surgical techniques for selected patients decrease the rates of radical surgery despite large tumors. (www.clinicaltrials.gov, NCT00820690). (C) 2012 Surgical Associates Ltd. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Activation of alpha(2)-adrenergic receptors into the lateral parabrachial nucleus enhances NaCl intake in rats

Water and NaCl intake is strongly inhibited by the activation of alpha(2)-adrenergic receptors with clonidine or moxonidine (alpha(2)-adrenergic/imidazoline agonists) injected peripherally or into the forebrain and by serotonin and cholecystokinin in the lateral parabrachial nucleus (LPBN). Considering that alpha(2)-adrenergic receptors exist in the LPBN and the similar origin of serotonergic and adrenergic afferent pathways to the LPBN, in this study we investigated the effects of bilateral injections of moxonidine alone or combined with RX 821002 (alpha(2)- adrenergic antagonist) into the LPBN on 1.8% NaCl and water intake induced by the treatment with s.c. furosemide (10 mg/kg)+captopril (5 mg/kg). Additionally, we investigated if moxonidine into the LPBN would modify furosemide+captopril-induced c-fos expression in the forebrain. Male Holtzman rats with cannulas implanted bilaterally in the LPBN were used. Contrary to forebrain injections, bilateral LPBN injections of moxonidine (0.1, 0.5 and 1 nmol/0.2 mul) strongly increased furosemide+captopril-induced 1.8% NaCl intake (16.6 +/- 2.7, 44.5 +/- 3.2 and 44.5 +/- 4.3 ml/2 h, respectively, vs. vehicle: 6.9 +/- 1.5 ml/2 h). Only the high dose of moxonidine increased water intake (23.3 +/- 3.8 ml/2 h, vs. vehicle: 12.1 +/- 2.6 ml/2 h). Prior injections of RX 821002 (10 and 20 nmol/0.2 mu1) abolished the effect of moxonidine (0.5 nmol) on 1.8% NaCl intake. Moxonidine into the LPBN did not modify furosemide+captopril-induced c-fos expression in forebrain areas related to the control of fluid-electrolyte balance. The results show that the activation of LPBN a2-adrenergic receptors enhances furosemide+captopril-induced 1.8% NaCl and water intake. This enhancement was not related to prior alteration in the activity of forebrain areas as suggested by c-fos expression. Previous and present results indicate opposite roles for alpha(2-)adrenergic receptors in the control of sodium and water intake according to their distribution in the rat brain. (C) 2004 IBRO. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Population structure, distribution and abundance patterns of the patagonian smoothhound Musmlus schmitti springer, 1939 (Chondrichthyes,Elasmobranchii, Triakidae) in the rio de la plata and inner continental shelf, SW Atlantic ocean (34 degrees-30'-39 degrees-30's)

A total number of 4824 Mustelus schmitti was sampled. Females ranged from 25 to 93 em in spring and from 28 to 90 cm in summer. Males ranged from 34 to 82 and from 28 to 77 cm, respectively. Length composition of the population showed significant differences between spring and summer being females larger than males. Total length distribution did not show significant differences between cruises. Males density varied significantly between cruises while for the females no significant variation was observed. In the spring cruise, both sexes occurred at depths lower than 50 in. Females occurred in the whole area with adult occurrence only above 35 degrees 30'S. Mature males occurred throughout the area, immature males occurring in two trawls in Samborombon Bay. The summer cruise showed a discontinuous distribution of the species along the study area resulting in spatial segregation in two groups with immature females predominating in both of them.

Levels of replacing corn by cassava starch on performance and carcass characteristics of bulls finished in feedlot

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Arcovomer passarellii Carvalho, 1954 (Amphibia: Anura: Microhylidae): distribution extension in São Paulo state, Brazil and geographic distribution map.

The Passarelli's Frog, Arcovomer passarellii Carvalho, 1954, was registered for the first time in the city of Santos, on the seacoast of São Paulo state, extending 160 km to southwest of the distribution previously known for this species. Here we show a distribution map for an up-to-date map for A. passarelli.

Effects of pentoxifylline and n-acetylcysteine on injuries caused by ischemia and reperfusion of splanchnic organs in rats

Aim. Occlusion and reperfusion of splanchnic arteries cause local and systemic changes due to the release of cytotoxic substances and the interaction between neutrophils and endothelial cells. This study evaluated the role of pentoxifylline (PTX) and n-acetylcysteine (NAC) in the reduction of ischemia, reperfusion shock and associated intestinal injury. Methods. Sixty rats were divided into 6 groups of 10 animals. Rats in three groups underwent mesenteric ischemia for 30 minutes followed by 120 minutes of reperfusion, and were treated with saline (SAL-5 mL/kg/ h), pentoxifylline (PTX-50 mg/kg) or n-acetylcysteine (NAC-430 mg/kg/h). The other 3 groups underwent sham ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) and received the same treatments. Hemodynamic, biochemical and histological parameters were evaluated. Results. No significant hemodynamic or intestinal histological changes were seen in any sham group. No histological changes were found in the lung or liver of animals in the different groups. There was a progressive decrease in mean arterial blood pressure, from mean of 111.53 mmHg (30 minutes of ischemia) to 44.30±19.91 mmHg in SAL-I/R. 34.52±17.22 mmHg in PTX-I/R and 33.81±8.39 mmHg in NAC-I/R (P<0.05). In all I/R groups, there was a progressive decrease in: aortic blood flow, from median baseline of 19.00 mL/min to 2.50±5.25 mL/min in SAL-I/ R; 2.95±6.40 mL/min in PTX-I/R and 3.35±3.40 mL/min in NAC-I/R (P<0.05); in the heart rate, from mean baseline of 311.74 bpm to 233.33±83.88 bpm in SAL-I/R, 243.20±73.25 bpm in PTX-I/R and 244.92±76.05 bpm in NAC-I/R (P<0.05); and esophageal temperature, from mean baseline of 33.68°C to 30.53±2.05°C in SAL-I/R, 30.69±2.21°C in PTX-I/R and 31.43±1.03°C in NAC-I/R (P<0.05). In the other hand, there was an attenuation of mucosal damage in the small intestine of the animals receiving PTX, and only in the ileum of the animals receiving NAC. No changes were found in ileum or plasma malondialdehyde levels in any group. Conclusion. PTX was more efficient in reducing histological lesions than NAC, but neither treatment prevented hemodynamic changes during splanchnic organs I/R.

Valor nutricional do farelo de algodão para alor a tilśpia do nilo (Oreochromis niloticus)

Cottonseed meals (CSM) with different protein levels (35, 39 and 40%) were evaluated to determine their chemical composition and measure apparent digestibility coefficients (ADC) of dry matter, protein, amino acids, energy, lipid and minerals for Nile tilapia. Apparent digestibility coefficients were determined using a reference purified diet containing 0.1% of chromic oxide indicator, and test diets contained 60% of reference diet and 40% of test ingredients. Results showed that apparent digestibility coefficients of cottonseed meals were different (p < 0.05). The apparent digestibility coefficients were: dry matter, 53.45-54.32%; crude protein, 71.56-74.81%; energy, 53.80-58.60%; lipid, 85.37-89.11%; phosphorus, 33.75-34.50%; calcium, 41.21-43.75%; iron, 62.02-79.85%; zinc, 0-67.41%; copper, 13.37-14.27%; essential amino acids, 71.39-79.17%; and non-essential amino acids, 77.08-82.58%. The ADC of protein did not reflect the majority of amino acids ADC showing variation in individual digestibility of amino acids and among cottonseed meals. Cottonseed meal can be used as protein succedaneum in Nile tilapia diets.

Exigência de treonina digestível para codornas de corte no período de 15 a 35 dias de idade

The digestible threonine (DThr) requirements for meat quails (Coturnix coturnix sp) during growing phase from 15 to 35 days of age were estimated, using 1,020 quails with 15 days of age, of both sexes, distributed in a completely randomized design, with six levels of digestible threonine-0.93; 1.00; 1.07; 1.14; 1.21 and 1.28% in diet, five replications and 34 quails per experimental unit. There was no effect on performance variables, carcass yield and chemical composition and nitrogen balance with the studied increase in digestible threonine levels. There was a linear increase in threonine intake and feed cost per kilogram of body weight gain with increasing levels of digestible threonine. It was concluded that the best level of threonine evaluated was sufficient to meet the requirements of meat quails, in the period from 15 to 35.