Probing a 3,4'-bis-guanidinium diaryl derivative as an allosteric inhibitor of the Ras pathway

Mutations in the Ras-pathway occur in 40–45% of colorectal cancer patients and these are refractory to treatment with anti-EGFR-targeted therapies. With this in mind, we have studied novel guanidinium- based compounds with demonstrated ability to inhibit protein kinases. We have performed docking stud- ies with several proteins involved in the Ras-pathway and evaluated 3,40-bis-guanidinium derivatives as inhibitors of B-Raf. Compound 3, the most potent in this series, demonstrated strong cytotoxicity in WTB-Raf colorectal cancer cells and also cells with V600EB-Raf mutations. Cell death was induced by apop- tosis, detected by cleavage of PARP. Compound 3 also potently inhibited ERK1/2 signalling, inhibited EGFR activation, as well as Src, STAT3 and AKT phosphorylation. Mechanistically, compound 3 did not inhibit ATP binding to B-Raf, but direct assay of B-Raf activity was inhibited in vitro. Summarizing, we have identified a novel B-Raf type-III inhibitor that exhibits potent cellular cytotoxicity

Ciprofloxacin-imprinted polymeric receptors as ionophores for potentiometric transduction

A 3D-mirror synthetic receptor for ciprofloxacin host–guest interactions and potentiometric transduction is presented. The host cavity was shaped on a polymeric surface assembled with methacrylic acid or 2-vinyl pyridine monomers by radical polymerization. Molecularly imprinted particles were dispersed in 2-nitrophenyl octyl ether and entrapped in a poly(vinyl chloride) matrix. The sensors exhibited a near-Nernstian response in steady state evaluations. Slopes and detection limits ranged from 26.8 to 50.0mVdecade−1 and 1.0×10−5 to 2.7×10−5 mol L−1, respectively. Good selectivity was observed for trimethoprim, enrofloxacin, tetracycline, cysteine, galactose, hydroxylamine, creatinine, ammonium chloride, sucrose, glucose, sulphamerazine and sulfadiazine. The sensors were successfully applied to the determination of ciprofloxacin concentrations in fish and in pharmaceuticals. The method presented offered the advantages of simplicity, accuracy, applicability to colored and turbid samples and automation feasibility, as well as confirming the use of molecularly imprinted polymers as ionophores for organic ion recognition in potentiometric transduction.

An uncertainty and sensitivity analysis applied to the prioritisation of pharmaceuticals as surface water contaminants from wastewater treatment plant direct emissions

In this study, the concentration probability distributions of 82 pharmaceutical compounds detected in the effluents of 179 European wastewater treatment plants were computed and inserted into a multimedia fate model. The comparative ecotoxicological impact of the direct emission of these compounds from wastewater treatment plants on freshwater ecosystems, based on a potentially affected fraction (PAF) of species approach, was assessed to rank compounds based on priority. As many pharmaceuticals are acids or bases, the multimedia fate model accounts for regressions to estimate pH-dependent fate parameters. An uncertainty analysis was performed by means of Monte Carlo analysis, which included the uncertainty of fate and ecotoxicity model input variables, as well as the spatial variability of landscape characteristics on the European continental scale. Several pharmaceutical compounds were identified as being of greatest concern, including 7 analgesics/anti-inflammatories, 3 β-blockers, 3 psychiatric drugs, and 1 each of 6 other therapeutic classes. The fate and impact modelling relied extensively on estimated data, given that most of these compounds have little or no experimental fate or ecotoxicity data available, as well as a limited reported occurrence in effluents. The contribution of estimated model input variables to the variance of freshwater ecotoxicity impact, as well as the lack of experimental abiotic degradation data for most compounds, helped in establishing priorities for further testing. Generally, the effluent concentration and the ecotoxicity effect factor were the model input variables with the most significant effect on the uncertainty of output results.

Ciprofloxacin-imprinted polymeric receptors as ionophores for potentiometric transduction

A 3D-mirror synthetic receptor for ciprofloxacin host–guest interactions and potentiometric transduction is presented. The host cavity was shaped on a polymeric surface assembled with methacrylic acid or 2-vinyl pyridine monomers by radical polymerization. Molecularly imprinted particles were dispersed in 2-nitrophenyl octyl ether and entrapped in a poly(vinyl chloride) matrix. The sensors exhibited a near-Nernstian response in steady state evaluations. Slopes and detection limits ranged from 26.8 to 50.0 mV decade−1 and 1.0 × 10−5 to 2.7 × 10−5 mol L−1, respectively. Good selectivity was observed for trimethoprim, enrofloxacin, tetracycline, cysteine, galactose, hydroxylamine, creatinine, ammonium chloride, sucrose, glucose, sulphamerazine and sulfadiazine. The sensors were successfully applied to the determination of ciprofloxacin concentrations in fish and in pharmaceuticals. The method presented offered the advantages of simplicity, accuracy, applicability to colored and turbid samples and automation feasibility, as well as confirming the use of molecularly imprinted polymers as ionophores for organic ion recognition in potentiometric transduction.

Programa de atividade física com recurso a exergaming no duplo diagnóstico

Introdução: Duplo diagnóstico é a designação utilizada para descrever o diagnóstico de perturbação pela utilização de substâncias simultaneamente com critérios de doença mental severa (Leposavié et al., 2015; Lorenzo et al., 2014; Padwa et al., 2013). O duplo diagnóstico é a causa de uma diversidade de disfunções entre elas o comprometimento do desempenho motor. Objetivos: O objetivo principal é determinar a eficácia da aplicação de um programa de intervenção de exergaming com atividade física com recurso à Nintendo Wii na promoção do desempenho motor de indivíduos com duplo diagnóstico de perturbação pela utilização de substâncias e doença mental severa em tratamento numa comunidade terapêutica. Pretende-se ainda verificar os efeitos da aplicação deste programa em variáveis antropomórficas, psicocopatológicas e neuropsicológicas. Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo ensaio clínico randomizado com avaliação antes e após do desempenho motor, avaliação antropomórfica, psicopatológica e neuropsicológica. A amostra é constituída por 14 indivíduos com duplo diagnostico (n=14) recrutados de uma comunidade terapêutica, alocados num grupo experimental (n=7) sujeitos a um programa com exergaming com atividade física e num grupo controlo (n=7) com intervenção com videojogos sem atividade física durante 21 sessões de aproximadamente 45 minutos cada. Resultados: O grupo experimental apresentou melhores resultados que o grupo controlo na avaliação do desempenho motor verificando-se diferenças estatisticamente significativas (p=0,028 e p=0,030) no equilíbrio, através do teste Flamingo e Balance Board respetivamente e no limiar da significância (p=0,082) na força muscular dos membros superiores através do uso da dinamometria. Conclusão: A intervenção com Nintendo Wii com recurso a exergaming com atividade física parece ser uma ferramenta eficaz para a melhoria do equilíbrio, em indivíduos com duplo diagnóstico de perturbação pela utilização de substâncias e doença mental severa, em tratamento numa comunidade terapêutica e próximo do significativo no que se refere a força dos membros superiores. Relativamente a outros parâmetros do funcionamento motor, são necessários outros estudos.

Tortugas marinas durante el 2010 en Pisco, Perú

Durante el 2010, se capturó 55 ejemplares de tortuga verde Chelonia mydas en La Aguada (13°51’S y 76°15’W) al sureste de la bahía de Paracas; el número promedio de tortugas capturadas por kilómetro de red tendida fue 3,08±2,5; el tamaño promedio de la LCC fue 60,3±10,5cm; el 78% de los ejemplares presentaron el patrón 5c, 4d, 4i y 11d, 11i, para los escudos centrales, costales y marginales, respectivamente. La TSM donde se capturaron varió entre 15,2 y 20,9 °C, la mayor ocurrencia de tortugas se registró de 18,5 a 20 °C. Los epibiontes más representativos fueron Platylepas hexastylos (56,8%), Conchoderma virgatum (26,9%) y Chelonibia testudinaria (13,3%); la ocurrencia de los ítems alimenticios: Clorophyta (78%), Rhodophyta (30%), Cnidaria (43%), Crustacea (43%), Polichaeta (17%), Mollusca (17%), arena (26%) y plástico (17%); el 72% de las tortugas presentaron cobertura algal, de las cuales el 65% fue el alga verde Enteromorpha sp.

L'Écho de Paris

1920/01/11 (Numéro 12930).

Un été dans le Sahara

UANL

La dimension politique du soleil

Qu’il ait fallu attendre « Lignes aériennes » (2002) pour que les critiques s’avisent que la poésie de Pierre Nepveu avait quelque chose à dire de la politique et de l’histoire en cours est proprement aberrant. Où regardent-ils donc? Faut-il que le poème exhibe des drapeaux rouges, bleus ou noirs; qu’il vienne d’un écrivain bien connu pour ses positions sociales et dûment affilié au parti dont le commun des publicistes espère qu’il soit; qu’il aragone à tout vent ou soit atteint de la sartrose, cette maladie mal engagée de la foi; que ses vers attestent des affinités militantes, quitte à faire rimer des slogans; que son auteur soit de tel réseau ma chère; faut-il cela pour qu’un poème soit politique ou pour qu’il ait une dimension politique? Sainte-Beuve, décidément, empeste encore, aujourd’hui déguisé en sociologue de rencontre pour département de lettres, prompt à se donner l’illusion d’avoir quelque chose à dire en filant des « postures » et des « stratégies » qui renvoient encore et toujours à des intentions conspiratoires : l’auteur, figurez-vous, est de retour, il n’écrit pas, il fomente pour faire carrière. [Introduction]

Reportero de paz : Juan Cardoso en Guatemala : guía didáctica del vídeo Paz en Guatemala.

Guía didáctica de vídeo editada como cuaderno de viaje del reportero Juan Cardoso. Propuesta didáctica sobre la paz elaborada sobre el proceso de paz en Guatemala tras 36 años de guerra civil. La propuesta didáctica incluye actividades previas y posteriorres al visionado del vídeo que constituye el cuaderno de viaje del reportero: la tierra y los cultivos, los habitantes, la guerra, el camino de la paz y el papel de la Iglesia, además de una propuesta de actividades posteriores al visionado (análisis de contenido y actividades de ampliación).

Geometric Structure of the Adaptive Controller of the Human Arm

The objects with which the hand interacts with may significantly change the dynamics of the arm. How does the brain adapt control of arm movements to this new dynamic? We show that adaptation is via composition of a model of the task's dynamics. By exploring generalization capabilities of this adaptation we infer some of the properties of the computational elements with which the brain formed this model: the elements have broad receptive fields and encode the learned dynamics as a map structured in an intrinsic coordinate system closely related to the geometry of the skeletomusculature. The low--level nature of these elements suggests that they may represent asset of primitives with which a movement is represented in the CNS.

La gaita asturiana : método para su aprendizaje.

Manual de aprendizaje, realizado por un grupo de trabajo amplio con la colaboración del Conceyu de Gaiteros Asturianos, destinado a servir de material didáctico de apoyo en las actividades de enseñanza de la cultura autóctona. El libro tiene tres apartados: a.-reseñas históricas de la gaita en general, de la gaita asturiana en particular, de los gaiteros más sobresalientes y de los diversos estilos, corrientes o escuelas b.-método de aprendizaje de la gaita asturiana con un estudio teórico-práctico del instrumento, de sus funciones y de la ejecución de las notas musicales c.-repertorio de piezas de gaita, distribuido en los cuatro niveles que contempla el Plan Experimental de Estudios de la Escuela Regional de Instrumentos Tradicionales, mas un repertorio complementario; en total 85 obras transcritas a notación musical. Completan el libro un Glosario y un Apéndice informativo con la propuesta del Plan Experimental de estudios para el aprendizaje 'cuasi-profesional'de los llamados comunmente 'instrumentos populares tradicionales de Asturias'.Se complementa con 4 casetes que contienen 79 piezas musicales.