942 resultados para wi-fi, umts, dispositivi mobili, monitor, incapsulamento
Resumo:
Este proyecto de fin de grado pretende demostrar la importancia y la utilidad de la creación de redes de dispositivos móviles conectados entre sí. Para ello se explicarán varios tipos de redes inalámbricas que permiten estas conexiones directas entre dispositivos sin la necesidad de un servidor. En estas redes inalámbricas se destacan las redes P2P y las redes Ad-hoc, las cuales se explicarán posteriormente. El despliegue de estas redes se puede encontrar en un amplio rango de campos como puede ser la agricultura, la medicina e incluso en el ámbito militar. Es objetivo de este proyecto, además, el estudio de la tecnología Wi-Fi Direct creada por la Wi-Fi Alliance. Como se explicará a lo largo del proyecto, Wi-Fi Direct está basado en las redes P2P. Esta tecnología permite a los dispositivos cercanos crear redes P2P a través de la red Wi-Fi sin la necesidad de un punto de acceso a Internet. Por otro lado, una gran cantidad de los dispositivos móviles que existen actualmente poseen el sistema operativo Android. Android ha incorporado en sus dispositivos más recientes la tecnología Wi-Fi Direct. Debido a ello han ido surgiendo aplicaciones que usando esta tecnología consiguen desde enviar ficheros hasta indicar la localización de un usuario. Esta tecnología combinada con este tipo de dispositivos puede ser muy útil para utilizar en casos de emergencia donde las infraestructuras de comunicaciones no estén disponibles ya que al no necesitar un punto de acceso a internet es posible la comunicación entre un usuario en peligro y otro que se encuentre dentro de un radio cercano. Por estos motivos otro de los principales objetivos de este proyecto es la implementación de una aplicación para dispositivos Android que use la tecnología Wi-Fi Direct para realizar varias funcionalidades diferentes, como es el intercambio de ficheros entre dispositivos y la creación de un chat para la comunicación simultanea entre dos dispositivos. Con esto se pretende conocer mejor el funcionamiento de la tecnología Wi-Fi Direct y demostrar su utilidad en los dispositivos móviles como son los dispositivos Android. ABSTRACT. This final degree Project tries to demonstrate the importance and utility of networking mobile devices. For this purpose several types of wireless networks will be explained. These networks allow direct connections between devices. The most prominent Wireless networks are P2P and Ad-hoc which will be explained later. The use of these networks can be found in a wide range of fields such as agriculture medicine, and even in the military sector. Besides, other aim of this project is the study of Wi-Fi Direct Technology which is created by Wi-Fi Alliance. As it explained along the project, Wi-Fi Direct is based on P2P networks. This technology lets nearby devices create P2P networks through Wi-Fi network without an Internet access point. On the other hand, a large number of mobile devices have the Android OS. Android has integrated Wi-Fi Direct technology in its latest devices. Because of this applications have emerged that using this technology they get from sending files to send the user’s location. This technology combined with these devices can be very useful to use in emergencies where communications infrastructures are not available. Since not need an Internet access point, communication between a user in danger and another within close radius is possible. For these reasons another of the main aims of this project is the implementation of an application for Android devices which use Wi-Fi Direct technology to perform several different functionalities, such as file exchange or chat for simultaneous communication between devices. This is intended to better understand the operation of Wi-Fi Direct technology and prove its utility on mobile devices such as Android devices.
Resumo:
Localizar objetos ou pessoas no interior de um edifício é de grande interesse. Contudo, diferentemente do que ocorre no exterior de edificações, não há metodologia consagrada para a determinação da posição desses entes nos edifícios. Para o posicionamento em locais abertos existem tecnologias consolidadas, como GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System), a dificuldade em fazê-lo em interiores é maior. Nesses casos, o GNSS não pode ser utilizado, pois os sinais de rádio dos satélites não conseguem penetrar através das estruturas, enquanto que outras tecnologias são apenas incipientes nesse quesito. Abordagens habituais para a resolução dessa demanda têm se baseado na utilização de propagadores das ondas de rádio do GNSS, no uso da potência de sinais de redes sem fio ou, ainda, no emprego de transmissores infravermelhos. No entanto, uma técnica diferente pode ser empreendida para essa finalidade. Usando-se a assinatura das potências de rádio das redes sem fio nas imediações e no interior da edificação, é possível criar um mapa com base nesses sinais, permitindo a determinação da posição de um objeto. No presente trabalho foram desenvolvidos um sistema para geração do mapa de sinais, com critério de parada e um método de cálculo de posicionamento. Procedeu-se, também, à análise de quatro critérios para o cálculo final da posição do objeto, baseados no uso da distância euclidiana com os conjuntos de roteadores disponíveis. Concluiu-se que, quando o mapa de sinais é pequeno, o posicionamento fracassou. Entretanto, quando a quantidade de sinais geradores do mapa aumenta, os resultados apresentaram melhora significativa, com resultados próximos a 100% de assertividade. Desse modo foi possível determinar uma estimativa boa para o número mínimo de roteadores presentes na base e estabelecer um critério de parada para a fase de criação do mapa de sinais.
Resumo:
The popular technologies Wi-Fi and WiMAX for realization of WLAN and WMAN respectively are much different, but they could compliment each other providing competitive wireless access for voice traffic. The article develops the idea of WLAN/WMAN (Wi-Fi/WiMAX) integration. WiMAX is offering a backup for the traffic overflowing from Wi-Fi cells located into the WiMAX cell. Overflow process is improved by proposed rearrangement control algorithm applied to the Wi-Fi voice calls. There are also proposed analytical models for system throughput evaluation and verification of the effectiveness using WMAN as a backup for WLAN overflow traffic and the proposed call rearrangement algorithm as well.
Resumo:
Global connectivity, for anyone, at anyplace, at anytime, to provide high-speed, high-quality, and reliable communication channels for mobile devices, is now becoming a reality. The credit mainly goes to the recent technological advances in wireless communications comprised of a wide range of technologies, services, and applications to fulfill the particular needs of end-users in different deployment scenarios (Wi-Fi, WiMAX, and 3G/4G cellular systems). In such a heterogeneous wireless environment, one of the key ingredients to provide efficient ubiquitous computing with guaranteed quality and continuity of service is the design of intelligent handoff algorithms. Traditional single-metric handoff decision algorithms, such as Received Signal Strength (RSS) based, are not efficient and intelligent enough to minimize the number of unnecessary handoffs, decision delays, and call-dropping and/or blocking probabilities. This research presented a novel approach for the design and implementation of a multi-criteria vertical handoff algorithm for heterogeneous wireless networks. Several parallel Fuzzy Logic Controllers were utilized in combination with different types of ranking algorithms and metric weighting schemes to implement two major modules: the first module estimated the necessity of handoff, and the other module was developed to select the best network as the target of handoff. Simulations based on different traffic classes, utilizing various types of wireless networks were carried out by implementing a wireless test-bed inspired by the concept of Rudimentary Network Emulator (RUNE). Simulation results indicated that the proposed scheme provided better performance in terms of minimizing the unnecessary handoffs, call dropping, and call blocking and handoff blocking probabilities. When subjected to Conversational traffic and compared against the RSS-based reference algorithm, the proposed scheme, utilizing the FTOPSIS ranking algorithm, was able to reduce the average outage probability of MSs moving with high speeds by 17%, new call blocking probability by 22%, the handoff blocking probability by 16%, and the average handoff rate by 40%. The significant reduction in the resulted handoff rate provides MS with efficient power consumption, and more available battery life. These percentages indicated a higher probability of guaranteed session continuity and quality of the currently utilized service, resulting in higher user satisfaction levels.
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The main objective of this work was to enable the recognition of human gestures through the development of a computer program. The program created captures the gestures executed by the user through a camera attached to the computer and sends it to the robot command referring to the gesture. They were interpreted in total ve gestures made by human hand. The software (developed in C ++) widely used the computer vision concepts and open source library OpenCV that directly impact the overall e ciency of the control of mobile robots. The computer vision concepts take into account the use of lters to smooth/blur the image noise reduction, color space to better suit the developer's desktop as well as useful information for manipulating digital images. The OpenCV library was essential in creating the project because it was possible to use various functions/procedures for complete control lters, image borders, image area, the geometric center of borders, exchange of color spaces, convex hull and convexity defect, plus all the necessary means for the characterization of imaged features. During the development of the software was the appearance of several problems, as false positives (noise), underperforming the insertion of various lters with sizes oversized masks, as well as problems arising from the choice of color space for processing human skin tones. However, after the development of seven versions of the control software, it was possible to minimize the occurrence of false positives due to a better use of lters combined with a well-dimensioned mask size (tested at run time) all associated with a programming logic that has been perfected over the construction of the seven versions. After all the development is managed software that met the established requirements. After the completion of the control software, it was observed that the overall e ectiveness of the various programs, highlighting in particular the V programs: 84.75 %, with VI: 93.00 % and VII with: 94.67 % showed that the nal program performed well in interpreting gestures, proving that it was possible the mobile robot control through human gestures without the need for external accessories to give it a better mobility and cost savings for maintain such a system. The great merit of the program was to assist capacity in demystifying the man set/machine therefore uses an easy and intuitive interface for control of mobile robots. Another important feature observed is that to control the mobile robot is not necessary to be close to the same, as to control the equipment is necessary to receive only the address that the Robotino passes to the program via network or Wi-Fi.
Resumo:
The increasing demand for Internet data traffic in wireless broadband access networks requires both the development of efficient, novel wireless broadband access technologies and the allocation of new spectrum bands for that purpose. The introduction of a great number of small cells in cellular networks allied to the complimentary adoption of Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) technologies in unlicensed spectrum is one of the most promising concepts to attend this demand. One alternative is the aggregation of Industrial, Science and Medical (ISM) unlicensed spectrum to licensed bands, using wireless networks defined by Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) and Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). While IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi) networks are aggregated to Long Term Evolution (LTE) small cells via LTE / WLAN Aggregation (LWA), in proposals like Unlicensed LTE (LTE-U) and LWA the LTE air interface itself is used for transmission on the unlicensed band. Wi-Fi technology is widespread and operates in the same 5 GHz ISM spectrum bands as the LTE proposals, which may bring performance decrease due to the coexistence of both technologies in the same spectrum bands. Besides, there is the need to improve Wi-Fi operation to support scenarios with a large number of neighbor Overlapping Basic Subscriber Set (OBSS) networks, with a large number of Wi-Fi nodes (i.e. dense deployments). It is long known that the overall Wi-Fi performance falls sharply with the increase of Wi-Fi nodes sharing the channel, therefore there is the need for introducing mechanisms to increase its spectral efficiency. This work is dedicated to the study of coexistence between different wireless broadband access systems operating in the same unlicensed spectrum bands, and how to solve the coexistence problems via distributed coordination mechanisms. The problem of coexistence between different networks (i.e. LTE and Wi-Fi) and the problem of coexistence between different networks of the same technology (i.e. multiple Wi-Fi OBSSs) is analyzed both qualitatively and quantitatively via system-level simulations, and the main issues to be faced are identified from these results. From that, distributed coordination mechanisms are proposed and evaluated via system-level simulations, both for the inter-technology coexistence problem and intra-technology coexistence problem. Results indicate that the proposed solutions provide significant gains when compare to the situation without distributed coordination.
Resumo:
L'utilizzo di percorsi non centralizzati per la comunicazione tra dispositivi mobili presenta notevoli vantaggi, tra i quali una maggiore sicurezza e segretezza e l'indipendenza da infrastrutture esterne (Internet). Gli studi e le implementazioni di questo tipo di funzionalità stanno emergendo recentemente di pari passo con i traguardi raggiunti nel campo della tecnologia mobile, ma si trovano ancora in uno stato sperimentale e poco fruibile in pratica. È stata sviluppata come proof of work un'applicazione che permette di diffondere messaggi tra dispositivi mobili senza connessione a internet, sfruttando un sistema di comunicazione (quasi) peer to peer. Viene descritta in generale l'architettura e il funzionamento dell'applicazione insieme a dei possibili casi d'uso. Inoltre vengono mostrati i metodi vagliati ed effettivamente utilizzati per implementare questo tipo di comunicazione, insieme ad altre caratteristiche secondarie (crittografia). Il risultato conseguito è a tutti gli effetti funzionante e viene ritenuto la soluzione migliore possibile tra tutte quelle trovate, ma presenta comunque diversi difetti. La conclusione raggiunta è che lo stato attuale dell'arte non permetta di raggiungere lo scopo prefissato in maniera ottimale, in quanto è necessario ricorrere a metodi poco funzionali a causa della mancanza di supporto alle tecnologie necessarie.
Resumo:
Obbiettivo di questa tesi è presentare l'applicazione per dispositivi mobili denominata “dPiP” (che sta per “di Piazza in Piazza“), il suo scopo, il suo funzionamento ed il processo che ha portato dalla sua ideazione al suo utilizzo nell'ambito delle iniziative dell'Università di Bologna in occasione dell'EXPO2015. In particolare, l'applicazione è strettamente correlata all'installazione "di Piazza in Piazza" che è stata ospitata presso la Biblioteca Malatestiana di Cesena, da Settembre 2015 a Maggio 2016.
Resumo:
Il traguardo più importante per la connettività wireless del futuro sarà sfruttare appieno le potenzialità offerte da tutte le interfacce di rete dei dispositivi mobili. Per questo motivo con ogni probabilità il multihoming sarà un requisito obbligatorio per quelle applicazioni che puntano a fornire la migliore esperienza utente nel loro utilizzo. Sinteticamente è possibile definire il multihoming come quel processo complesso per cui un end-host o un end-site ha molteplici punti di aggancio alla rete. Nella pratica, tuttavia, il multihoming si è rivelato difficile da implementare e ancor di più da ottimizzare. Ad oggi infatti, il multihoming è lontano dall’essere considerato una feature standard nel network deployment nonostante anni di ricerche e di sviluppo nel settore, poiché il relativo supporto da parte dei protocolli è quasi sempre del tutto inadeguato. Naturalmente anche per Android in quanto piattaforma mobile più usata al mondo, è di fondamentale importanza supportare il multihoming per ampliare lo spettro delle funzionalità offerte ai propri utenti. Dunque alla luce di ciò, in questa tesi espongo lo stato dell’arte del supporto al multihoming in Android mettendo a confronto diversi protocolli di rete e testando la soluzione che sembra essere in assoluto la più promettente: LISP. Esaminato lo stato dell’arte dei protocolli con supporto al multihoming e l’architettura software di LISPmob per Android, l’obiettivo operativo principale di questa ricerca è duplice: a) testare il roaming seamless tra le varie interfacce di rete di un dispositivo Android, il che è appunto uno degli obiettivi del multihoming, attraverso LISPmob; e b) effettuare un ampio numero di test al fine di ottenere attraverso dati sperimentali alcuni importanti parametri relativi alle performance di LISP per capire quanto è realistica la possibilità da parte dell’utente finale di usarlo come efficace soluzione multihoming.
Resumo:
Nos últimos anos temos assistido ao aparecimento de novos dispositivos inteligentes e sistemas de automação residencial. Com o objetivo de conectar e controlar equi- pamentos eletrónicos, dentro de uma habitação, existe a necessidade de desenvolver soluções integradas de controlo remoto. Os smartphones, apresentam todas as carac- terísticas, poder computacional e portabilidade, ideais para controlo e monitorização deste tipo de dispositivos. Quando se considera o desenvolvimento de um produto novo e dependendo do problema, escolher a abordagem e tecnologias mais adequadas nem sempre é fácil. Este projeto apresenta um conjunto de tecnologias e soluções de controlo baseadas em arquiteturas móveis. Para prova de conceito, e baseado num sistema real (IVIT), é proposta uma solução inovadora usando um smartphone. O IVIT, desenvolve uma tecnologia para aplicar num reservatório de aquecimento de água de inércia variável, com funcionalidades de monitorização, controlo e operação colaborativa do sistema de aquecimento. Os resultados obtidos comprovaram que o desempenho da aplicação ultrapassou as expectativas e que a solução proposta é uma alternativa viável para o controlo de dispositivos para automação residencial usando smartphones.
Resumo:
Tutkielman tavoitteena on esitellä esineiden internetin kokonaisuutta ja tutkia siellä käytettäviä langattomia verkkostandardeja sekä niiden käyttöä älykodissa. Esineiden internetin soveltamisalueet jakautuvat älykodin, teollisuuden ja yhteiskunnan osa-alueisiin. Näistä älykotia käsitellään tutkielmassa tarkemmin. Työssä selvitetään, mitkä ovat esineiden internetin yleisimmät langattomat verkkostandardit ja niiden ominaisuudet. Lisäksi selvitetään, mistä osista älykoti koostuu, mitkä ovat soveltamisalueet ja miten älykoti toimii. Vertailukohteina käytetään kahden suuren elektroniikkavalmistajan, Samsungin ja LG:n, älykotiratkaisuja. Tutkielmassa esitellään esineiden internetin määritelmä, sen historiaa ja käyttökohteita, jotta saadaan yleiskuva esineiden internetin kokonaisuudesta. Tämän jälkeen syvennytään langattomiin verkkostandardeihin, jotka ovat keskeisesti käytössä esineiden internetissä. Kyseiset verkkostandardit ovat Bluetooth, Bluetooth Low Energy, NFC, Wi-Fi, Zigbee ja 6LoWPAN. Lopuksi käsitellään älykotia ja sen ominaisuuksia. Samalla tutkitaan Samsungin ja LG:n älykotilaitteita ja pohditaan niiden toimivuutta. Lisäksi pohditaan verkkostandardien käyttöä älykodeissa sekä esineiden internetin ja älylaitteiden vaikutuksia ihmisiin. Lopputuloksena todetaan, että Wi-Fi, Bluetooth ja Zigbee ovat yleisimmät älykodin verkkostandardit ja että ainoastaan yksi verkkostandardi ei tällä hetkellä riitä monipuolisen älykodin kaikkia toimintoja varten. Vertailussa huomataan Samsungin älykotiratkaisun olevan kehityksessä LG:tä edellä.
Resumo:
Nowadays there is a huge evolution in the technological world and in the wireless networks. The electronic devices have more capabilities and resources over the years, which makes the users more and more demanding. The necessity of being connected to the global world leads to the arising of wireless access points in the cities to provide internet access to the people in order to keep the constant interaction with the world. Vehicular networks arise to support safety related applications and to improve the traffic flow in the roads; however, nowadays they are also used to provide entertainment to the users present in the vehicles. The best way to increase the utilization of the vehicular networks is to give to the users what they want: a constant connection to the internet. Despite of all the advances in the vehicular networks, there were several issues to be solved. The presence of dedicated infrastructure to vehicular networks is not wide yet, which leads to the need of using the available Wi-Fi hotspots and the cellular networks as access networks. In order to make all the management of the mobility process and to keep the user’s connection and session active, a mobility protocol is needed. Taking into account the huge number of access points present at the range of a vehicle for example in a city, it will be beneficial to take advantage of all available resources in order to improve all the vehicular network, either to the users and to the operators. The concept of multihoming allows to take advantage of all available resources with multiple simultaneous connections. This dissertation has as objectives the integration of a mobility protocol, the Network-Proxy Mobile IPv6 protocol, with a host-multihoming per packet solution in order to increase the performance of the network by using more resources simultaneously, the support of multi-hop communications, either in IPv6 or IPv4, the capability of providing internet access to the users of the network, and the integration of the developed protocol in the vehicular environment, with the WAVE, Wi-Fi and cellular technologies. The performed tests focused on the multihoming features implemented on this dissertation, and on the IPv4 network access for the normal users. The obtained results show that the multihoming addition to the mobility protocol improves the network performance and provides a better resource management. Also, the results show the correct operation of the developed protocol in a vehicular environment.
Resumo:
Esta tese consiste no estudo, implementação e desenvolvimento da infra-estrutura para o projecto SEMCABO-WIFI. Este projecto está inserido na empresa Sem¬ Cabo, com o objectivo de levar a Internet aos clientes sob a forma de hotspots ou no acesso à ultima milha (Last Míle Access) à casa dos residentes. O projecto também deu origem à própria empresa, levando esta a ISP desde Setembro de 2007. Numa primeira fase, é feita abordagem a Sistemas de Authentícatíon, Authorization e Accountíng para ISPs, na vertente WI-FI e apresentadas possíveis soluções comercias e open source. Em seguida, é apresentado a empresa SemCabo, vertente comercial e tecnológica. O sistema base da SemCabo é referido, contemplando a tecnologia de suporte, rede, equipamentos activos, módulos de emissão de sinal WI-FI, segurança, monitorização e portal de autenticação. Os servidores base são indicados posteriormente, sendo efectuado a apresentação de todos os servidores com suporte ao projecto, incluindo alguns pormenores de configuração. São apresentados equipa mentos e sistemas utilizados para controlo de acesso à rede (NAS), sendo igualmente descritos pormenores de configuração. ABSTRACT; This thesis is about the study, implementation and development of the infrastructure created for the SEMCABO-WIFI project. This project is inserted in the company SemCabo, with the objective to bring the Internet to costumers in the form of hotspots or access in last mile to the house of residents. The project also originated the company and led the company to ISP since September 2007. ln the first fase, the approach is about Systems Authentication, Authorization and Accounting for WISPs and presented possible commercial and open source solutions. ln next, the SemCabo company is presented and described their technological and commercial aspects. The base system of the SemCabo is refered, considering the support technology, network equipment, modules emission signal WI-FI, security, monitoring and portal authentication module. Base servers of the SemCabo project are shown, a presentation of all the servers that support the project is made, including some details of the configuration. The equipment and systems used to control network access (NAS) are presented, details of configuration are also described.
Resumo:
Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Educação, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação, 2016.
Resumo:
95 p.