Pesquisa de clima organizacional: uma análise crítica

The organization climate research is a widely used human resources tool grounded on the managerial discourse that preaches that listening to employees's opinions is relevant for the identification of corporate aspects that demand improvement. This study aims at desmistifying this discourse by means of analytical tools from the Critical Administration Studies, namely: denaturalized view of administration, detachment between intentions and performance and search for emancipation. The study is grounded on the assumption that the organizational climate research derives from functionalist theory, which benefits a dominating class, in name of productivity and for the maintenance of the status quo, therefore contributing for individual alienation at work. The study was designed to identify elements that show the relation between an organizational climate research tool and the social control over individuals in an organization - here the research conducted in 2005 by Centrais Elétricas Brasileiras S/A - Eletrobrás, the Brazilian power sector holding company. The theoretical section presents an overview of corporate paradigms relevant for a sound understanding of the organizational climate concept. Data analysis was conducted by means of the post-modern method of binary deconstruction: the questions contained in the tool's questionnaire were grouped into categories and then analyzed in terms of the fallowing conceptual pairs: well-being/productivity, autonomy/control, ethics/ competitiveness and participation/alienation. The analysis showed that the organization climate research tool is used as a resource for social control and power, because it contributes to individual alienation as it satisfies some specific individual demands, therefore preventing the individual form a thorough understanding of how the system works. Besides, the helps anticipate, mitigate and conceal the conflicts arising from the opposing interests of capital and labor.

Programas de disseminação de experiências de governos locais no Brasil em contexto de redemocratização e de descentralização

O trabalho descreve e analisa o histórico e o funcionamento de cinco programas de disseminação de experiências de governos locais no Brasil, à luz da discussão sobre reforma do Estado num contexto de descentralização de competências e de redemocratização pós-regime militar. Destaca a influência desses programas na formação de quadros para a administração pública, entendida em sentido amplo, e na constituição de redes de organizações e pessoas dedicadas à produção de conhecimentos e à busca pela disseminação de experiências de governos locais coerentes com a perspectiva e com os objetivos das distintas organizações responsáveis pelos programas analisados.

Unemployment insurance an analysis of optimal mechanisms under aggregate shocks

The purpose of this work is to provide a brief overview of the literature on the optimal design of unemployment insurance systems by analyzing some of the most influential articles published over the last three decades on the subject and extend the main results to a multiple aggregate shocks environment. The properties of optimal contracts are discussed in light of the key assumptions commonly made in theoretical publications on the area. Moreover, the implications of relaxing each of these hypothesis is reckoned as well. The analysis of models of only one unemployment spell starts from the seminal work of Shavell and Weiss (1979). In a simple and common setting, unemployment benefits policies, wage taxes and search effort assignments are covered. Further, the idea that the UI distortion of the relative price of leisure and consumption is the only explanation for the marginal incentives to search for a job is discussed, putting into question the reduction in labor supply caused by social insurance, usually interpreted as solely an evidence of a dynamic moral hazard caused by a substitution effect. In addition, the paper presents one characterization of optimal unemployment insurance contracts in environments in which workers experience multiple unemployment spells. Finally, an extension to multiple aggregate shocks environment is considered. The paper ends with a numerical analysis of the implications of i.i.d. shocks to the optimal unemployment insurance mechanism.

Em busca de modelos politico-institucionais para as regioes metropolitanas : o caso da região metropolitana de Fortaleza

Os problemas que a rápida urbanização criou são desafiantes. E são ate cruciais para aqueles de quem dependem as decisões para soluciona-los, enquanto, para a comunidade em geral, representam pesados sacrificios que chegam a causar impacto social muito forte. Os técnicos e estudiosos do assunto deveriam aproveitar esse desafio e buscar fórmulas organizacionais de planejamento e administração metropolitanos que promovam o crescimento urbano de maneira mais adequada e eficiente. Com a presente moonografia, procuramos: (1) estudar os antecedentes das organizações de planejamento e administração metropolitanos no Pais, sob os aspectos econômicos e sociais, políticos e institucionais; (2) analisar, particularmente, a Região Metropolitana de Fortaleza (RMF), descendo essa analise aos obstaculos enfrentados na sua imp1ementação, princ~palmente os polltico-institucionais, bem como, abrir mais possibilidades para o aprofundamento do estado da matéria.

O perfil do professor de ensino supletivo: um estudo com enfoque nas suas representações contextuais reveladas pela categoria "linguagem"

Esta pesquisa promoveu-se na área da Educação, especificamente num setor de Ensino: o Ensino Supletivo. Foi realizada com o principal objetivo de definir o Perfil do Professor neste segmento educacional. Através de uma rede de informações obtidas, tanto na literatura encontrada sobre o assunto como em entrevistas gravadas durante a realização da Pesquisa de Campo, procurou-se numa metodologia dialética, investigar dentro de um contexto sócio-politico-econômico-cultural, as projeções representativas emanadas da prática do profissional de Ensino Supletivo, em escolas de Ensino Supletivo Público Estadual, no Municipio do Rio de Janeiro, do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. A pesquisa desdobrou-se em duas grandes vertentes: la Questão teórica - onde se teve a oportunidade de verificar que a questão do Ensino Supletivo é pouco pesquisada, talvez por falta de uma politica educacional, ocasionando desmotivação entre os docentes e um consequente baixo desempenho entre os alunos. 2a Pesquisa de campo - situação do Supletivo Neste item checou-se de perto o ambiente de trabalho deste profissional de ensino, seus anseios, suas mágoas, suas frustrações e principalmente a vontade de mudar e libertar o Ensino Supletivo dos rótulos de "margi nal" e "ineficiente". Na parte final apresentam-se as conclusões, onde se pretende ter chegado ao objetivo da Pesquisa: o levantamento do Perfil do Professor de Ensino Supletivo. Há ainda, na parte de anexos, o total particularizado, em cada Nucleo de Educação Comunitária, do numero de escolas, professores e alunos. Na parte de Conclusão a sugestão de uma Proposta Pedagógica. Como toda proposta não deverá ser cogitada sua implantação, mesmo a nível experimental, sem antes ser submetida aos principais interessados: professores, especialistas em Educação e alunos. Uma das categorias de análise trabalhada na Pesquisa de Campo e, posteriormente analisada, foi a linguagem utilizada pelos Professores de Ensino Supletivo. Procurou-se, atraves desta categoria, desvendar os misterios que envolvem as relações deste profissional com o Sistema de Ensino, seus pares e alunos. Este trabalho tenta mostrar toda a carga simbólica, representativa no uso da linguagem a nível pedagógico. Não se espera ter esgotado o assunto estudado, pelo contrário, pretendeu-se abrir um espaço para uma discussão mais ampla, onde outros possam, de alguma forma, contribuir para a melhoria deste setor de ensino.

Ensino superior de ciências contábeis no Chile: um estudo buscando identificar aspectos relacionados a problemática no Brasil

O objetivo deste estudo foi explorar a relação existente entre a bibliografia sobre a educação superior de Ciências Contábeis no Chile e o ensino nos cursos de Ciências Contábeis nas Universidades da Primeira e Segunda Região do país, identificando alguns aspectos relacionados com o ensino de Contabildade no Brasil . (Capítulo I). Na revisão da bibliografia se apresentam algumas considerações gerais sobre a função do profissional Contador, a evolução do ensino de contabilidade no Chile, através de uma abordagem retrospectiva, completando-a com um estudo histórico da legislação que tem regulamentado o ensino superior no país, e os principais problemas do ensino da Contabilidade no Chile (Capitulo II). Em seguida, se apresenta a metodologia utilizada, justificando-se as razões de seu emprego neste tipo de estudo. (Capítulo III). A partir da utilização de um questionário, obtiveram-se os antecedentes necessários para caracterizar o ensino nos cursos de Ciências Contábeis na Primeira e Segunda Região do Chile, partindo-se para uma comparação com o referencial bibliográfico. (Capítulo IV) . Posteriormente, através dos resultados obtidos, busca-se a identificação de alguns aspectos relacionados com o ensino de contabilidade no Brasil. (Capítulo V) . Finalmente, se apresentam o sumário, a análise e as recomendações e sugestões para novas pesquisas. (Capítulo VI).

Comportamento fiscal dos governos estaduais brasileiros:determinantes políticos e efeitos sobre os indicadores sócio-econômicos dos seus estados

Na década de oitenta aconteceram dois fatos fundamentais para o federalismo brasileiro: a redemocratização do país em 1985 e o aprofundamento da descentralização fiscal impulsionada pela Constituição de 1988. Mais de uma década depois, toma-se necessário avaliar os custos e beneficios do processo de descentralização no período democrático 1985 - 97. Tal avaliação pode adotar várias dimensões. De uma perspectiva macroeconômica não há dúvidas que o processo de descentralização fiscal impõe sérias restrições para a administração da política macroeconômica, no sentido em que o comportamento fiscal das esferas inferiores de governo nem sempre é compatível com os objetivos de política do governo central. De uma visão micro econômica, a desconcentração de responsabilidades e a maior autonomia financeira adquirida pelos níveis inferiores de governo deveria incidir numa maior eficiência na provisão de bens e serviços públicos. O presente trabalho pretende contribuir na compreensão do comportamento fiscal dos estados brasileiros num contexto de crescente autonomia política e econômica e de esforços de ajuste macroeconômico. Por outro lado, tenta-se avaliar os efeitos das políticas fiscais dos governos estaduais sobre o bem-estar da população de seus estados. Especificamente, este trabalho tem três objetivos. O primeiro é identificar e analisar a postura fiscal dos estados brasileiros a partir da evolução das principais categorias de receita e despesa estadual durante o período 1985 - 97. O segundo objetivo é explicar estas posturas fiscais no período democrático 1985- 1997 com base nas características do sistema político de cada estado, analisando sua influência sobre o desenho e implementação da política fiscal.Finalmente, o terceiro objetivo é testar até que ponto a descentralização foi eficiente, verificando se a política fiscal dos governos estaduais teve efeitos significativos sobre as principais variáveis sócio - econômicas estaduais tais como desemprego, pobreza e distribuição de renda. Os resultados encontrados na primeira parte mostram a impossibilidade de se fazer generalizações sobre o comportamento fiscal dos estados, já que, nem todos os estados exibiram falta de disciplina fiscal durante o período analisado. A grande maioria dos estados adotou uma política de "stop and go", isto é, as contrações foram seguidas de expansões fiscais e vice-versa, impedindo que se extraia tendências regulares de deterioração ou de melhoras progressivas na situação fiscal dos estados. Na segunda parte do trabalho, verificou-se que políticas fiscais expansionistas estão associadas a períodos eleitorais e sistemas com elevada fragmentação política. Por sua vez, apesar de não ser conclusiva, pode-se inferir que a orientação ideológica dos administradores estaduais , especificamente quando estes pertencem à esquerda, está associada a maiores níveis de despesa pública estadual. Finalmente, os resultados da última parte mostram que a política de gastos estaduais afeta algumas variáveis sócio - econômicas, tais como renda familiar per capita e desigualdade na distribuição de renda, mas não tem efeitos significativos sobre a taxa de desemprego, a proporção de pobres e a intensidade da pobreza em cada estado

Parcerias municipais com o terceiro setor: o caso do conselho municipal dos direitos da criança e do adolescente de Natal

The relationship between the State and the non-governmental organizations (NGOs) needs to be analyzed and debated by the objective to extinguish or to reduce the existent failures in this partnership in order that the whole society may benefit from it. To understand how the partnership between the public and NGOs work is fundamental. The present study searches to contribute to a better understanding of this matter. With this aim, the research focused the partnership formed between Natal Child and Adolescent Council (COMDICA) and NGOs which were selected by public notice in 2007. Theoretical references were based on the Continuum of Collaboration proposed by Austin (2001) that serves to differentiate the degree and the mode of interaction between the two organizations. It was observed that in some points there is a lack in the interaction between COMDICA and the NGOs. The frequent change of the government counselors makes difficult a more intense involvement and partnership awareness with the NGOs. The NGOs members need to be more involved with the activities of COMDICA and search for a larger participation in the assemblies, on the discussions and on the intrinsic council actions. The relationship must also be rethought, since that the partnership must not be limited to financial resources support. The channels of communication must be improved and become more frequent. The evaluation and monitoring of social projects are poor and own methodologies need to be elaborated. Therefore, it is necessary to make some adjustments in this relationship involving not only the partnerships made by the selected ONGs, but also all those who assist the child and the adolescent. A closer relation makes possible a greater effectiveness of the public policies on one side and on the other side improves the performance of the COMDICA and the NGOs

Os dias são maus : o ensino religioso cristão em dias pós-modernos o desafio de fazer crer perante a cultura da incredulidade

This paper adopts the assumption that religion continues to be a major highlight in the dimension of the contemporary world - characterized by pluralism, the ideas of tolerance and freedom. But for certain streams of Christianity, the postmodern culture seems to be characterized as a highly damaging to their doctrines and principles, since this religious matrix carries a truth claim that would support all its significance, its definition values and their dissemination effort ( evangelism ). This is not to say that Christianity is the only religion that claims to the truth, which would be a gross mistake. Now, religion has been reputed as a phenomenon doomed to disappear, according to the " ideology " of Modernity, given the idea that scientific development would lead us inevitably to the statement that religion was merely a social institution based in the superstition, in fantasy, the imaginary and therefore had nothing "real " unless its existence as an institution capable of aggregating society (give it cohesion), provide values and meaning to different ontological anxieties and doubts of humankind. In the contemporary scenario - seeded by modernity - as Christian ideas, doctrines and principles are in harmony or conflict with postmodernity? These are our starting questions and issues that we intend to stop and reflect. From the assumption that the religious phenomenon has great force in the present day, this research aims to perform central analysis of how religious education, a Protestant denomination specific, harmonizes or clashes with the ideology or ideas more general and emphatic that we can observe in the western world is presented to us from the diagnoses made by the contemporary authors who debate about postmodernism and postmodernity, notably David Harvey, Jean - François Lyotard, Bauman Zygmunt and Fredric Jameson

Obtenção de Propriedades Físico-Químicas de Misturas de Hidrocarbonetos em Baixa e Alta Pressão Visando a Caracterização e a Modelagem

The composition of petroleum may change from well to well and its resulting characteristics influence significantly the refine products. Therefore, it is important to characterize the oil in order to know its properties and send it adequately for processing. Since petroleum is a multicomponent mixture, the use of synthetic mixtures that are representative of oil fractions provides a better understand of the real mixture behavior. One way for characterization is usually obtained through correlation of physico-chemical properties of easy measurement, such as density, specific gravity, viscosity, and refractive index. In this work new measurements were obtained for density, specific gravity, viscosity, and refractive index of the following binary mixtures: n-heptane + hexadecane, cyclohexane + hexadecane, and benzene + hexadecane. These measurements were accomplished at low pressure and temperatures in the range 288.15 K to 310.95 K. These data were applied in the development of a new method of oil characterization. Furthermore, a series of measurements of density at high pressure and temperature of the binary mixture cyclohexane + n-hexadecane were performed. The ranges of pressure and temperature were 6.895 to 62.053 MPa and 318.15 to 413.15 K, respectively. Based on these experimental data of compressed liquid mixtures, a thermodynamic modeling was proposed using the Peng-Robinson equation of state (EOS). The EOS was modified with scaling of volume and a relatively reduced number of parameters were employed. The results were satisfactory demonstrating accuracy not only for density data, but also for isobaric thermal expansion and isothermal compressibility coefficients. This thesis aims to contribute in a scientific manner to the technological problem of refining heavy fractions of oil. This problem was treated in two steps, i.e., characterization and search of the processes that can produce streams with economical interest, such as solvent extraction at high pressure and temperature. In order to determine phase equilibrium data in these conditions, conceptual projects of two new experimental apparatus were developed. These devices consist of cells of variable volume together with a analytical static device. Therefore, this thesis contributed with the subject of characterization of hydrocarbons mixtures and with development of equilibrium cells operating at high pressure and temperature. These contributions are focused on the technological problem of refining heavy oil fractions

Analysis of the effects of damping in the models validation

The search for better performance in the structural systems has been taken to more refined models, involving the analysis of a growing number of details, which should be correctly formulated aiming at defining a representative model of the real system. Representative models demand a great detailing of the project and search for new techniques of evaluation and analysis. Model updating is one of this technologies, it can be used to improve the predictive capabilities of computer-based models. This paper presents a FRF-based finite element model updating procedure whose the updating variables are physical parameters of the model. It includes the damping effects in the updating procedure assuming proportional and non proportional damping mechanism. The updating parameters are defined at an element level or macro regions of the model. So, the parameters are adjusted locally, facilitating the physical interpretation of the adjusting of the model. Different tests for simulated and experimental data are discussed aiming at evaluating the characteristics and potentialities of the methodology.

Using of model updating considering damped frequency response function

The search for better performance in the structural systems has been taken to more refined models, involving the analysis of a growing number of details, which should be correctly formulated aiming at defining a representative model of the real system. Representative models demand a great detailing of the project and search for new techniques of evaluation and analysis. Model updating is one of this technologies, it can be used to improve the predictive capabilities of computer-based models. This paper presents a FRF-based finite element model updating procedure whose the updating variables are physical parameters of the model. It includes the damping effects in the updating procedure assuming proportional and none proportional damping mechanism. The updating parameters are defined at an element level or macro regions of the model. So, the parameters are adjusted locally, facilitating the physical interpretation of the adjusting of the model. Different tests for simulated and experimental data are discussed aiming at defining the characteristics and potentialities of the methodology.

Movimento estudantil e serviço social no capitalismo contemporâneo: tendências e particularidades

This dissertation aims to analyze the social direction in which the Student Movement in Social Work in Brazil (ENESSO) has gone through. This is done considering how the functioning of the National Executive, the Brazilian Social Work Student union has operated. The research analyzed their political position regarding the university as well as professional education in the period of 2003 to 2008. The study s theoretical and methodological object was obtained according to its structural, juncture, and time determinants. All of the mentioned elements considered the contemporary capital crisis and its implications towards the State and Society emphasizing specifically the changes that occurred in the University regarding professional education. For the purpose of data collection and production, a documental and field research was realized. Thus, interviews were done considering one manager of each management period of the ENESSO group in the time span of 2003 to 2008. Some subjects that represented the Brazilian Social Work Teaching and Research Association (ABEPSS) as well as were also interviewed. These subjects have had a relevant role in partnership with these entities and represented students in the contemporary scene. Results suggest that ENESSO has developed work that defends a project of a public, free and laic quality university. This entity also defends a project that considers the 1996 Curricular Guidelines. Currently, there is internal dispute in the social direction of the MESS, this is seen amongst political groups that diverge in opinions related to the analysis done by the Lula government regarding the political role that the National Student Union-UNE has taken in the counter-reform of higher education. This current juncture is seen as extremely individualist and it results as in unfavorable for the collective organization of the working class, especially regarding student movement. MESS has been going through a moment of profound instability and this dimension is being expressed by the absence of national coordinator for the 2008/2009 management period at ENESSO. Even though there are difficulties, it is possible to point out partnership of the entities that represent the national Social Work in Brazil. These partnerships are all related to a struggle and search for the development of a professional project that leads towards the sociability awareness that goes beyond capital.

Sistema de aquisição de dados para estudos de transiente de pressão e detecção de vazamentos em oleodutos

In February 2011, the National Agency of Petroleum, Natural Gas and Biofuels (ANP) has published a new Technical Rules for Handling Land Pipeline Petroleum and Natural Gas Derivatives (RTDT). Among other things, the RTDT made compulsory the use of monitoring systems and leak detection in all onshore pipelines in the country. This document provides a study on the method for detection of transient pressure. The study was conducted on a industrial duct 16" diameter and 9.8 km long. The pipeline is fully pressurized and carries a multiphase mixture of crude oil, water and natural gas. For the study, was built an infrastructure for data acquisition and validation of detection algorithms. The system was designed with SCADA architecture. Piezoresistive sensors were installed at the ends of the duct and Digital Signal Processors (DSPs) were used for sampling, storage and processing of data. The study was based on simulations of leaks through valves and search for patterns that characterize the occurrence of such phenomena

Universaidade em sistemas da mecâniaestatística de não equilíbrio com estados absorventes e percolação geográfica

Complex systems have stimulated much interest in the scientific community in the last twenty years. Examples this area are the Domany-Kinzel cellular automaton and Contact Process that are studied in the first chapter this tesis. We determine the critical behavior of these systems using the spontaneous-search method and short-time dynamics (STD). Ours results confirm that the DKCA e CP belong to universality class of Directed Percolation. In the second chapter, we study the particle difusion in two models of stochastic sandpiles. We characterize the difusion through diffusion constant D, definite through in the relation h(x)2i = 2Dt. The results of our simulations, using finite size scalling and STD, show that the diffusion constant can be used to study critical properties. Both models belong to universality class of Conserved Directed Percolation. We also study that the mean-square particle displacement in time, and characterize its dependence on the initial configuration and particle density. In the third chapter, we introduce a computacional model, called Geographic Percolation, to study watersheds, fractals with aplications in various areas of science. In this model, sites of a network are assigned values between 0 and 1 following a given probability distribution, we order this values, keeping always its localization, and search pk site that percolate network. Once we find this site, we remove it from the network, and search for the next that has the network to percole newly. We repeat these steps until the complete occupation of the network. We study the model in 2 and 3 dimension, and compare the bidimensional case with networks form at start real data (Alps e Himalayas)