Modeling Study on the Characteristics of Laminar and Turbulent Argon Plasma Jets Impinging Normally upon a Flat Plate in Ambient Air

Modeling study is performed to compare the flow and heat transfer characteristics of laminar and turbulent argon thermal-plasma jets impinging normally upon a flat plate in ambient air. The combined-diffusion-coefficient method and the turbulence-enhanced combined-diffusion-coefficient method are employed to treat the diffusion of argon in the argon-air mixture for the laminar and the turbulent cases, respectively. Modeling results presented include the flow, temperature and argon concentration fields, the air mass flow-rates entrained into the impinging plasma jets, and the distributions of the heat flux density on the plate surface. It is found that the formation of a radial wall jet on the plate surface appreciably enhances the mass flow rate of the ambient air entrained into the laminar or turbulent plasma impinging-jet. When the plate standoff distance is comparatively small, there exists a significant difference between the laminar and turbulent plasma impinging-jets in their flow fields due to the occurrence of a large closed recirculation vortex in the turbulent plasma impinging-jet, and no appreciable difference is found between the two types of jets in their maximum values and distributions of the heat flux density at the plate surface. At larger plate standoff distances, the effect of the plate on the jet flow fields only appears in the region near the plate, and the axial decaying-rates of the plasma temperature, axial velocity and argon mass fraction along the axis of the laminar plasma impinging-jet become appreciably less than their turbulent counterparts.

Elastic Waves in a Hybrid Multilayered Piezoelectric Plate

An analytical-numerical method is presented for analyzing dispersion and characteristic surface of waves in a hybrid multilayered piezoelectric plate. In this method, the multilayered piezoelectric plate is divided into a number of layered elements with three-nodal-lines in the wall thickness, the coupling between the elastic field and the electric field is considered in each element. The associated frequency dispersion equation is developed and the phase velocity and slowness, as well as the group velocity and slowness are established in terms of the Rayleigh quotient. Six characteristic wave surfaces are introduced to visualize the effects of anisotropy and piezoelectricity on wave propagation. Examples provide a full understanding for the complex phenomena of elastic waves in hybrid multilayered piezoelectric media.

Coherent Structures in Transition of a Flat-Plate Boundary Layer at Ma=0.7

Direct numerical simulation (DNS) of a spatially evolving flat-plate boundary layer transition process at free stream Mach number 0.7 is performed. Tollmien-Schlichting (T-S) waves are added on the inlet boundary as the disturbances before transition. Typical coherent structures in the transition process are investigated based on the second invariant of velocity gradient tensor. The instantaneous shear stress and the mean velocity profile in the transition region are studied. In our view, the fact that the peak value of shear stress in the stress concentration area increases and exceeds a threshold value during the later stage of the transition process plays an important role in the laminar breakdown process.

The relationship of SIF between plate and plane fracture problems and the effect of the plate thickness on SIF

In the present paper, it is shown that the zero series eigenfunctions of Reissner plate cracks/notches fracture problems are analogous to the eigenfunctions of anti-plane and in-plane. The singularity in the double series expression of plate problems only arises in zero series parts. In view of the relationship with eigen-values of anti-plane and in-plane problem, the solution of eigen-values for Reissner plates consists of two parts: anti-plane problem and in-plane problem. As a result the corresponding eigen-values or the corresponding eigen-value solving programs with respect to the anti-plane and in-plane problems can be employed and many aggressive SIF computed methods of plane problems can be employed in the plate. Based on those, the approximate relationship of SIFs between the plate and the plane fracture problems is figured out, and the effect relationship of the plate thickness on SIF is given.

A New Designed Two-Dimensional Bifurcation Parallel-Plate Flow Chamber

解决平行平板流槽每次实验只能观测壁面培养细胞受一种剪应力作用的问题。作者在平行平板流槽的基础上,首次提出了一种改进后的流槽--二维平板分叉流槽。通过数值模拟,给出了流体作定常流动时,流速和壁面剪应力的分布。结果发现,利用这种二维平板分叉流槽可以研究壁面培养的细胞在不同大小剪应力作用下的力学行为。该研究结果为流槽的合理设计和使用,并分析剪应力空间分布对内皮细胞的影响有重要实际意义。