209 resultados para nurseries


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Supersedes U.S. Dept. of Agriculture Technical bulletin 492. Artificial reforestation in the southern pine region, by P.C. Wakeley.

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WI docs no.: Agr. 3:1-99.

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Title from caption.

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Mode of access: Internet.

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Thesis (Master's)--University of Washington, 2016-06

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We compared growth rates of the lemon shark, Negaprion brevirostris, from Bimini, Bahamas and the Marquesas Keys (MK), Florida using data obtained in a multi-year annual census. We marked new neonate and juvenile sharks with unique electronic identity tags in Bimini and in the MK we tagged neonate and juvenile sharks. Sharks were tagged with tiny, subcutaneous transponders, a type of tagging thought to cause little, if any disruption to normal growth patterns when compared to conventional external tagging. Within the first 2 years of this project, no age data were recorded for sharks caught for the first time in Bimini. Therefore, we applied and tested two methods of age analysis: ( 1) a modified 'minimum convex polygon' method and ( 2) a new age-assigning method, the 'cut-off technique'. The cut-off technique proved to be the more suitable one, enabling us to identify the age of 134 of the 642 previously unknown aged sharks. This maximised the usable growth data included in our analysis. Annual absolute growth rates of juvenile, nursery-bound lemon sharks were almost constant for the two Bimini nurseries and can be best described by a simple linear model ( growth data was only available for age-0 sharks in the MK). Annual absolute growth for age-0 sharks was much greater in the MK than in either the North Sound (NS) and Shark Land (SL) at Bimini. Growth of SL sharks was significantly faster during the first 2 years of life than of the sharks in the NS population. However, in MK, only growth in the first year was considered to be reliably estimated due to low recapture rates. Analyses indicated no significant differences in growth rates between males and females for any area.

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The speculation that climate change may impact on sustainable fish production suggests a need to understand how these effects influence fish catch on a broad scale. With a gross annual value of A$ 2.2 billion, the fishing industry is a significant primary industry in Australia. Many commercially important fish species use estuarine habitats such as mangroves, tidal flats and seagrass beds as nurseries or breeding grounds and have lifecycles correlated to rainfall and temperature patterns. Correlation of catches of mullet (e.g. Mugil cephalus) and barramundi (Lates calcarifer) with rainfall suggests that fisheries may be sensitive to effects of climate change. This work reviews key commercial fish and crustacean species and their link to estuaries and climate parameters. A conceptual model demonstrates ecological and biophysical links of estuarine habitats that influences capture fisheries production. The difficulty involved in explaining the effect of climate change on fisheries arising from the lack of ecological knowledge may be overcome by relating climate parameters with long-term fish catch data. Catch per unit effort (CPUE), rainfall, the Southern Oscillation Index (SOI) and catch time series for specific combinations of climate seasons and regions have been explored and surplus production models applied to Queensland's commercial fish catch data with the program CLIMPROD. Results indicate that up to 30% of Queensland's total fish catch and up to 80% of the barramundi catch variation for specific regions can be explained by rainfall often with a lagged response to rainfall events. Our approach allows an evaluation of the economic consequences of climate parameters on estuarine fisheries. thus highlighting the need to develop forecast models and manage estuaries for future climate chan e impact by adjusting the quota for climate change sensitive species. Different modelling approaches are discussed with respect to their forecast ability. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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O Plano Nacional de Educação (PNE) determina que 50% das crianças de 0 a 3 anos tenham vagas garantidas em Creches Públicas e a Lei do Piso n. 11.738/08 apresenta, em seu parágrafo quarto, que na composição da jornada de trabalho do professor observar-se-á um terço destinado à formação. A determinação destas mudanças aumenta a preocupação e responsabilidade em qualificar a formação continuada nestas instituições, as quais ainda sentem o peso dos vários anos de negligência. Pela atualidade e importância temática, a presente abordagem investiga a trajetória formativa e profissional de educadores de Creche, com o objetivo de possibilitar a reflexão e a análise sobre as estratégias utilizadas na formação continuada, bem como um debate dialético entre as práticas e as teorias trazidas nos estudos e pesquisas. Através da metodologia da Pesquisa de Campo de Natureza Qualitativa, buscou-se, ao contatar profissionais de cinco creches do município de São Bernardo do Campo, investigar a seguinte questão: De que forma o Coordenador Pedagógico que atua em creche tem contribuído, ou não, com a formação de profissionais reflexivos, pesquisadores e autores da própria prática? No intuito de responder a questão, foram realizadas entrevistas com cinco Coordenadoras Pedagógicas (CPs), três Professoras e dois Auxiliares em Educação e, em vista de maiores subsídios necessários ao debate, também foram entrevistadas uma Coordenadora de um curso de Pedagogia, com a finalidade de ampliar os conhecimentos sobre o curso de Pedagogia na atualidade, e uma Gestora (Chefe de Região) de São Bernardo do Campo, a fim de entender o olhar que o município tem hoje para a Creche. É importante ressaltar que o foco das entrevistas foi o trabalho desenvolvido pelo CP e que o trabalho investigativo junto aos demais profissionais envolvidos auxiliam na busca e obtenção de respostas para os questionamentos que levaram à construção deste trabalho. Os referenciais teóricos, desenvolvidos através da metodologia da Pesquisa de Natureza Bibliográfica e Documental para a revisão da literatura disponível sobre o tema, estão ancorados em Almeida e Placco (2002; 2010; 2011) que observam o papel do CP sob diversos aspectos; Day (1999) que discute os desafios fundamentais a serem considerados na formação; Fullan e Hargreaves (2002) que apresentam questionamentos sobre as estratégias formativas; Nóvoa (2009) ao investigar sobre a formação permanente dos professores; Perrenoud e Thurler (2002) que destacam novos paradigmas na formação dos professores; Vasconcellos (2009) que observa as articulações necessárias ao trabalho do CP; Campos et al (2011) que mostram a qualidade da Educação Infantil no país, entre outros. A análise dos conteúdos das entrevistas realizadas indica que a formação continuada avança gradativamente e, este mérito é dado, em grande parte, à formação que os gestores vêm recebendo e às parcerias produtivas que se estabelecem no processo, porém, os estudos e pesquisas teóricas apontam que muito ainda precisa ser feito e sinalizam mudanças imprescindíveis e que sejam capazes de impulsionar a formação a sair do tradicionalismo, tornando-se mais voltada à reflexão e humanização.

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An analysis is made of the conceptions which serving teachers have of their role, though no attempt is made to relate this to their practice of teaching. A series of role items was collected to afford a description of the teacher's role in terms of school and society expectations as well as classroom behaviours. These were taken from the literature and from interviews with teachers, and confirmed in a preliminary survey. Presented as a questionnaire, replies to the main investigation were made by 881 teachers, working in a variety of schools from nurseries to comprehensives. Two attempts have been made to construct a role model. The first, depending on the judgement of items fitting theoretically derived roles, failed, due to diffuseness in the role of teacher. The second used factor analysis; six factors were extracted which represent meaningful and distinct areas of role. The analysis has depended largely on examination of scores taken from these factors. Teachers in all types of school have similar conceptions of discipline. Nursery-infant and junior staff generally agree on the other areas investigated, but the concepts of secondary teachers are distinct. They are more conservative and less child-centered. When the class being taught is held constant, few differences in role conception are found to be related to sex, being a parent, graduate status, or personality, as measured in terms of the extrovert and neurotic dimensions. The first few years of teaching bring considerable changes in role conception, and further changes occur with prolonged experience. Deputy heads in junior schools and nursery nurses have quite distinct role conceptions; those of all other teachers, including those holding senior posts in secondary schools, are similar. The perception of school climate influences the role conception of primary teachers directly, but it does not influence that of secondary teachers. The greatest variation in role conception is related to scores on the radical scale of Oliver and Butcher. Primary school teachers experience little constraint, but that reported by secondary school teachers is considerable, especially that coming from the head. Despite difficulties caused by the wide division between primary and secondary education, teachers have an accurate perception of the roles their colleagues adopt. A few misunderstandings may be due to a feeling of idealism amongst nursery and infant teachers. There is evidence in their conception of role that would enhance the professional standing of teachers, but this is not in a form which is likely to be recognised by the public.

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Regionális klímaváltozási forgatókönyvek szerint hazánk éghajlata az elkövetkező 90 évben a mainál jóval melegebb, a nyári évszakban csapadékszegényebb, összességében pedig szárazabb lesz. Kutatásunk célja volt felmérni szárazságtűrésük szerint a legjelentősebb faiskolák katalógusában fellelhető fa- és cserjefajokat (a gyűjtésben nem szerepelnek a faj alatti taxonok). A vizsgálatainkban szereplő öt faiskola növénykínálatát a tudományos nevek ellenőrzése után összesítettük, majd ezt követően az egyes fajokat vízigény szerinti kategóriákba soroltuk. A tényleges statisztikai értékelésbe – a 451 összegyűjtött faj tudományos neveinek ellenőrzése után – 420 fajt vontunk be, melyek 20%-a vízigényes, 53%-a közepesen vízigényes és 27%-a szárazságtűrő. Várakozásainkkal ellentétben a vízigényes fajok részaránya kevésnek mondható, ugyanakkor a szárazságtűrő fajok magasabb aránya kívánatos lenne. Ezért, a gyakorlati alkalmazást elősegítve, kiemeltünk olyan nemzetségeket, melyek kereskedelmi forgalmazását meg kellene kezdeni vagy fokozni, mint pl a Cupressus, Eucommia, Halimodendron, Paliurus, Pyrus, Rhus, Yucca Zanthoxylum, Zelkova, illetve olyanokat, melyek telepítését a jövőben nem, vagy csak kellő körültekintéssel javasoljuk, mint például a Clematis, Hydrangea, Liquidambar, Magnolia, Rhododendron nemzetségek. _____ According to regional climate change scenarios, the climate in Hungary will be warmer. Less precipitation is predicted in the summer seasons so, on the whole, it will be drier over the next 90 years. Our research attempted to survey the ornamental plant species in the most important nurseries in Hungary, in terms of their drought tolerance. The intraspecifi c taxa are not included. The plant assortment of the fi ve nurseries was merged after researching their scientifi c names. We then categorized species to 3 groups of drought tolerance. Out of 451 species, 420 of them were used in the statistical research. 20% of them were water demanding, 53% were medium drought tolerant and 27% were drought tolerant. In contrast to our initial expectation, the proportion of water demanding species was not too high. Nevertheless, the proportion of drought tolerant species should have been greater. We classifi ed the genera to assist in practical application. The trade of some of these species, such as Cupressus, Eucommia, Halimodendron, Paliurus, Pyrus, Rhus, Yucca, Zanthoxylum, Zelkova should be initiated or increased in the future. Other species, especially Clematis, Hydrangea, Liquidambar, Magnolia, Rhododendron are not recommended due to either their drought intolerance or their high maintenance requirement.

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Most outdoor plants in Hungarian horticulture are exotas mainly from Middle and East Asia and North America. The flora of China is diversified and has many species because the last glacial period did not reach China. The richness of the Chinese flora was known for Europeans by the missionaries and medics first in 19th cectury. Later some bigger nurseries sent expeditions in China to collect new plants. Nowadays the Hungarian landscape architecture is impossible without Chinese plants.