Uso de pré-dicas informacionais em tarefas de alcance a um alvo: um estudo desenvolvimental

Alterações nas competências motoras da infância até a idade adulta envolvem vários aspectos do comportamento humano. Na perspectiva cognitiva, indivíduos planejam ações motoras através de três estágios seqüenciais e interdependentes: identificação do estímulo, seleção da resposta e programação da resposta. Após tais estágios que correspondem à preparação motora, o tempo de execução inicia. A partir do sinal imperativo, o executante seleciona e programa a ação. Se o estímulo é apresentado consistentemente da mesma forma, então a resposta a tal estímulo será mais rápida, comparada a uma situação em que o estímulo é apresentado de forma diferente do esperado. Neste último caso, o executante necessitará reprogramar sua ação motora e consequentemente levará mais tempo para planejá-la. O objetivo deste estudo foi examinar o efeito de informação prévia (i.e., dica) na preparação e execução de tarefa de alcance a um alvo por crianças de 6, 8, e 10 anos e adultos. Informação prévia era fornecida em três condições experimentais: correta, incorreta e neutra. As variáveis dependentes foram: tempo de reação (TR), tempo de movimento (TM), tempo de desaceleração (TD), índice de retidão (IR) e número de unidades de movimento (UnM). Com respeito à preparação da ação motora, os resultados indicaram que o TR diminuiu com a idade. Para as crianças de 6 anos, o TR com dica correta foi ligeiramente mais rápido do que na condição sem dica. Todavia, na condição com dica incorreta, o TR para as crianças de 6 anos era mais lento comparado com os demais grupos. Com respeito à execução da ação motora, os resultados indicaram mudanças desenvolvimentais em todas as variáveis dependentes, TM, TD, IR, UnM. De modo geral, os resultados do presente estudo mostraram que aos 6 anos de idade crianças são capazes de utilizar informação antecipada para preparar uma simples ação de alcance...

Efeito da floretina na hidratação de vesículas neutras de agregados anfifílicos de DMPC

The effect of phloretin in the structure and hydration of dimiristoyl phosphatidylcholine vesicles (DMPC) was investigated by electron paramagnetic resonance technique (EPR) at the bilayer core of membrane, using 14-PCSL spin label derivative of phosphatidylcoline. The spectra obtained by pure DMPC vesicles and with addition of phloretin were simulated using the Nonlinear Least-Square program, at the tempearature between 15 oC to 50 oC. Through these simulations it was possible to analyse the membrane hydration and bilayer order, to understand the interaction between DMPC aggregates and phloretin. The results show that the phloretin decreases the membrane hydration in both gel and fluid phases. This reduction of water molecules is accompanied by increasing of the bilayer order at this micro-region

A identidade cultural e a educação

The culture is embedded in all social and especially those aimed at the formation of the citizen as a whole. So the school is a major means of training and is not neutral on the influence of culture on student learning. The social milieu in which it is inserted or not contributing to great learning and shapes the human being as the pre-existing norms in society. Link education with the culture of the student from considering it as a whole helps to understand how this builds your knowledge and see how the world around them. The production of new knowledge through what we see is also part of the cultural and social practices. In a society where looks are extremely exploited and relate it to the formation of knowledge through social helps in understanding the culture as a learning process and identify the individual as having a cultural identity with social significance. This research addresses how school culture has treated the various existing and possible means of study such as art, treatment of the curriculum and within the classroom, emphasizing its importance in the educational context

Melhora da aptidão neuromuscular em indivíduos não treinados em força realizando método das séries simples e múltiplas

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the performance of individuals not trained in methods under performing resistance exercise in the method of multiple series and the following exercises: Leg press (LP) 45, leg extension (CE), leg curl (CF), front handle (PF), rowing neutral (RN), bench press (SR) and Peck deck (PD) in 9 weeks with three training sessions / week. The study was with of 6 individuals aged 40 to 55 years were divided into two groups all were tested using the 1 RM for securing cargo to the drills being performed each test 48 h. Results: According to what was observed using this training protocol with different volume in each group for 9 weeks of training in these subjects did not differ in both groups but showed increases above two devices with other evaluated Peck deck and this is due Leg Press major muscle group.

A questão da inexauribilidade do texto: o Frühromantik e a escritura derridiana

This article aims to investigate the configuration on the new scenario, during the Early German Romanticism, which led to dismantle the philosophical discourse as the expression of a safe and fixed content, free from the ambiguity of figural language. Our main argument is that already Schelling’s concept of symbol brings up the question about the opacity of the text. By analyzing to what extent this problematization around the language lingers on in the contemporariness, we refer to Derrida’s thought which points out to the illusion embedded in the pretension to conceive a clear and unambiguous language, creating therefore a new ground between art and philosophy since the text itself as a neutral and closed subject will be questioned now.

O papel dos fatores ambientais e espaciais sobre a fauna de Ephemeroptera (insecta) em riachos de mata atlântica

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Desencantamento do mundo e ética na ação pedagógica: reflexões a partir de Max Weber

This article has a theoretical character and presents some of Weber's ideas, with emphasis on those that can supply elements to reflect on the current state of education, more particularly based on his understanding of modernity. Disenchantment of the world is the key concept in his sociology, and is taken as the basis for a reflection about the meaning that science and the teacher can have today. A classic author, Weber's interpretation of the modern world brings to our consideration a variety of themes that influence markedly the thinking and practice of contemporary culture by its concern with understanding human actions and values. By studying the Western process of rationalization, he initiates debates in science, in ethics and, correspondingly, in education, allowing us to expand our comprehension of the meaning, significance, and role of our actions towards knowledge and teaching. The main object of education is to offer students contents that stimulate the freedom of thought. For that, the teacher needs to adopt a non-partisan ethics in the classroom, presenting contents unbiased by her/his political opinions and, if failing to do so, having the honesty to explain what she/he is doing. It is therefore of the utmost importance that the teacher should keep a neutral position, so that in and out of the classroom the students may reflect and question what they see, experiment and decide upon. Only then the conduct of the teacher will be consistent with the process of rationalization of our culture.

Concepciones de futuros profesores de biología, brasileros y portugueses sobre valores eticos de la ciencia

One of the science education objective, based on relationships between science, technology, society and environment (STSE) is, to form citizens capable on evaluating and taking decisions about the scientific advances impact on society and environment. In a two-way perspective, understand relationships between STSE, provides a vision of science as a human construction and therefore fallible, changeable and not neutral. In this study, we present some results from a comparative study on the influence of ethical conceptions of the nature of science, in two groups of future biology teachers, one from Brazil and, another one from Portugal. For data collection we constructed an attitude scale of Likert-type, which was validated mathematically and semantically. Results shows strong influence of social values, as in transgenic products, where the students’ ideas varied according to the ethical discussions more present in each country.

Carbendazim e modelos de biomembrana via filmes de Langmuir e Layer-by-Layer: mecanismos de interação e desenvolvimento de sensores

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Influência da música preferida no desempenho e estados afetivos de idosos durante exercício de intensidade auto-selecionada

Low adherence to physical exercise programs is a factor that contributes to the high rates of physical inactivity worldwide. In this sense, strategies to improve the affective responses during exercise are used to impact adherence, as the use of music and self-selected exercise intensity. Despite the benefits of these strategies, there are few studies involving the combination of both (self-selected intensity and music), especially in the elderly population. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the influence of music on performance, ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) and on affective and motivational responses of elderly during walking exercise with self-selected intensity. Eleven elderly performed walking sessions on an athletic track in three conditions: without music, with motivational music and with oudeterous music. RPE, mood states, motivation, affective responses, session RPE and attitudes related to the experience of exercise were evaluated. Results demonstrated that both motivational and oudeterous music improved affective responses and decreased RPE. However, only the motivational music condition showed an effect on distance walked, the only presenting a consistent increase in distance. Therefore, it is concluded that the use of music, particularly motivational music, besides increasing the distance walked, reduces RPE and increase pleasure of the elderly during the exercise. Such strategy, in addition to potentially impact adherence positively, can lead to greater benefits and physical adaptations related to the training in the long term

O silêncio cartográfico de João Teixeira Albernaz I nas representações da costa brasileira

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

História e natureza da ciência no ensino de biologia: perfil e concepções de professores em serviço e de materiais didáticos

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Fundamentos de geometria hiperbólica

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Species richness and abundance of low-trunk herb epiphytes in relation to host tree size and bark type, Eastern Amazonia

A composição e estrutura da comunidade epifítica herbácea de fuste baixo, assim como sua distribuição vertical, foram estudadas. O DAP de hospedeiros arbóreos e o tipo de casca influenciam a riqueza e abundância dessas espécies em um trecho de floresta de terra firme na Amazônia Oriental (1º57’36"S 51º36’55"W). Foram identificadas, no total, 37 espécies herbáceas epifíticas, sendo 60% delas Araceae. A riqueza de espécies e a abundância de herbáceas epifíticas mostraram tendência de correlação positiva com o tamanho de hospedeiros arbóreos e nenhuma relação com o tipo de casca. Correlação positiva baixa pode ser um subproduto da predominância de árvores de menor diâmetro na amostragem em vez de refletir relação neutra. A ausência de relações com o tipo de casca deve ser parcialmente explicada pelo grande número de hemiepífitas secundárias, generalistas, e também refletir a ausência de substratos adequados em árvores de menor diâmetro.

Bakhtin e o grupo: incongruências de uma linguística ortodoxa

For these Russian authors, a sign has to be faithful to reality but what is, in fact, «to be faithful», what is «reality»? They suggest that thought structures itself only by means of signs – as Peirce, who denies the reality of dreams saying that the act to feel hunger is an ideological expression and the shouts of a new-born are already appreciative manifestations of this new human being. The authors had inspired the structuralism, saying that a «semiodiscourse» structures men. Although this instance, word remains neutral, assertion strange to their Hegelian and Marxist roots; their paradigm in contrast, can be Heideggerian, according to which, only the «marked» being exists: looking at one determined thing, I place it, I fit it in its context. To place something is to attribute sense and that is more Stoic than, in fact, Marxist.