A potential case of attitude change: The Spanish spoken in the city of Malaga and used on social network sites

The Spanish spoken in the city of Malaga, as Andalusian Spanish in general, was in the past often times considered an incorrect, low prestige variety of Spanish which was strongly associated with the poor, rural, backward South of Spain. This southern Spanish variety is easily recognised because of its innovative phonetic features that diverge from the national standard, even though in the past years in the case of some features a convergence to the standard could be observed. Despite its low prestige the local variety of Spanish is quite often used on social network sites, where it is considered as urban, fashion and cool. Thus, this paper aims at analysing whether the Spanish used in the city of Malaga is undergoing an attitude change. The study draws on naturally occurring speech, data extracted from Facebook and a series of questionnaires about the salience, attitude and perception of the local variety of Spanish. The influence of the social factors age and gender is analysed, since they are both known to play a crucial role in many instances of language change. The first is of special interest, as during the Franco dictatorship dialect use was not accepted in schools and in the media. Results show that, on the one hand, people from Malaga hold a more positive attitude towards non-standard features used on social network sites than in spoken language. On the other hand, young female users employ most non-standard features online and unsurprisingly have an extremely positive attitude towards this use. However, in spoken Spanish the use and attitude of some features is led by men and speakers educated during the Franco dictatorship, while other features, such as elision of intervocalic /d/, elision of final /ɾ/, /l/ and /d/ and ceceo, are predominantly employed by and younger speakers and women. These features are considered as salient in the local variety and work as local identity markers.

Incumbents’ Attitude Toward Intra-Family Succession: An Investigation of its Antecedents

Incumbents’ attitude toward intrafamily succession (IFS) is a critical individual-level determinant of family firms’ IFS intention, which is, in turn, an important component of family business essence. Knowledge about its antecedents, however, is fragmented and very limited. Drawing on the theory of planned behavior and general attitude literature, hypotheses about the situational and individual antecedents of family firm incumbents’ attitude toward IFS were developed and tested with a sample of 274 Italian family firm incumbents. Results show that incumbents’ attitude toward IFS is indeed influenced by both situational and individual antecedents as well as by their interactions.

Family Firm Incumbent’s Attitude toward Intra-family Succession: Antecedents and Effects on Intentions

Research shows that intention for intra-family succession is an important determinant of family firm behavior. To provide a systematic analysis of the antecedents of such intention, we use the theory of planned behavior to model the incumbent leader’s attitude toward intra-family succession because that particular attitude is idiosyncratic to family firms. Empirical tests using a sample of 271 Italian incumbent leaders of family firms show that, as predicted by planned behavior theory, attitude and self-efficacy are significant predictors of intention. They show further that attitude is affected by the number of children, emotional attachment, and need for control.

On the development of a theory of traveler attitude-behavior interrelationships volume III: executive summary; overview of methods, results, and conclusions. Final report.

Transportation Systems Center, Cambridge, Mass.

The attitude of science towards miracles /

Reprinted in Journal of the transactions of the Victoria Institute, vol. 42, 1910.

On the development of a theory of traveler attitude-behavior interrelationships: volume I - input to theory development. Final report.

Transportation Systems Center, Cambridge, Mass.

On the development of a theory of traveler attitude-behavior interrelationships: volume II: theoretical and empirical findings. Final report.

Transportation Systems Center, Cambridge, Mass.

Trends in knowledge, attitude and behavior relating to drinking and driving. Final report.

Alcohol Safety Action Project--Puerto Rico, San Juan

Attitude instrument flying.

Includes Change no. 1 (Oct. 31, 1966) and Change no. 4 (March 15, 1973).

Guerra da Europa : documentos diplomaticos. Attitude do Brasil, 1914-1917 [-1918].

At head of title: Ministerio das relac o es exteriores.

Finland reveals her secret documents on soviet policy, March 1940 - June 1941. The attitude of the USSR to Finland after the peace of Moscow.

On cover:... Official Blue-white book of Finland...

Concerning a national spiritual drama; a phase of American originality ... A personal statement of design and attitude.

Mode of access: Internet.