Efeito do período de jejum na fase final de criação de frangos de corte machos sobre desempenho e mortalidade

The objective of this work was to evaluate effect of fasting period in the last growing phase on performance and mortality of male broilers. Two thousand one-day old male chicks were distributed in five randomized blocks according to a 4x2 factorial. (Four feeding programs (FP): ad libitum or one of three fasting schedules: 8-12, 12-16 and 8-16; and two strains (S): Ross or Hubbard-Peterson). Fifty birds were used per replicate. Birds were raised under identical feed and management conditions until day 42. During the experimental period (days 43-56), average temperature, relative humidity and temperature-humidity index (THI) recorded at day and at night were 29.4°C, 57.7 % and 78.1; and 22.0°C, 73.1% and 67.4, respectively. No SxP interaction was observed for all characteristics studied. At day 56, the Ross broilers showed higher mean weight (3104 g), weight gain, WG (3059 g), feed/ gain ratio, FC (2.22) and production factor, PF (213), than the Hubbard-Peterson birds (3011, 2967, 2.28 and 194, respectively). During the experimental period, the Ross broilers showed higher WG (831 g) and FC (3.40) than the Hubbard-Peterson ones (770 and 3.67, respectively). Birds submitted to the 8-12 h fast showed higher feed intake (2864 g) than those that fasted during the 8-16 period (2690). No effect of P on mortality was observed, either considering the overall period (days 1-56) or the experimental period (days 43-56). Fasting in the last phase of rearing not aided by other practices failed to decrease heat stress effects on performance and mortality of male broilers.

Estádio de desenvolvimento do milho. 3. Avaliação de silagens por intermédio de parâmetros de fermentação ruminal

The objective of this experiment was to analyze the rumen fermentation of silages made from corn harvested at milk stage (MS), milk early dough stage (MEDS), medium dough stage (MDS) and semi-hard dough stage (SHDS). Rumen fluid was collected from sheep by esophageal tube at 0, 1, 3 and 6 hours after feeding. There were no differences among silages for ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) and methylene blue reduction time (MBRT). Only the MS and SHDS silages differed in rumen pH (6.82 and 6.53, respectively). Differences in total rumen VFA and acetic acid concentrations (mmoles/L) were observed among stages, but not between MS (36.40 and 22.13) and MEDS (42.49 and 25.73), nor between MDS (64.52 and 40.34 respectively) and SHDS (64.09 and 43.61, respectively). The periods of 1 and 3 hours after feeding showed the smallest pH values (6.47 and 6.63), the highest NH3-N concentrations (9.75 and 10.56 mg/dL) and the highest concentrations of total VFA, and acetic and propionic acids (60.33, 37.05 and 16.73; 59.40, 35.28 and 16.84 mmoles/L, respectively). On the whole, the MDS and SHDS silages showed the best rumen fermentation patterns based on pH and total and individual VFA values.

Fatoriais fixos desbalanceados: Uma análise mal compreendida

Few users of statistical packages are capable of analyzing unbalanced factorials properly, because introductory textbooks do not discuss this topic in detail. The present article is directed to agriculture researchers, with the purpose of clarifying the differences among several widely used programs. It shows how to test useful hypotheses about population means in models having qualitative and quantitative factors. The paper emphasizes the pitfalls of blindly applying packages without prior knowledge of the hypotheses being tested.

Distúrbios de memória em pacientes epilépticos

The author studied the mnemonic activity from epileptic patients with complex partial seizures (CPS), with the aims: 1) to identify memory disorders; and 2) to compare the patients' with the controls' results. Fifty adult patients and 20 subjects without neuropsychiatric disorders were studied. The methods consisted in: 1) investigation of the mnemonic activity through the Wechsler Memory Test (subtests: Storage and Recall, Recent Memory, and Immediate Memory); 2) comparison among the results of both groups; association from mnemonic activity with brain SPECT. In the three subtests, the patients showed cognitive performance significantly lower than the controls (p <0,05). It was found association from reduced blood flow, mainly in left temporal region, with memory impairment of the three subtetsts. The conclusion was that the CPS are associated to memory impairment.

Intelligence functions disorders in patients with complex partial epilepsy

Objective: To compare the performance of patients with complex partial epilepsy with the normal controls in the subtests of an instrument used to assess intelligence function. Method: Fifty epileptic patients, whose ages ranged from 19 to 49 years and 20 normal controls without any neuropsychiatric disorders. The Wechsler-Bellevue adult intelligence test was applied in groups, epileptic patients and control subjects. This test is composed of several subtests that assess specific cognitive functions. A statistical analysis was performed using non-parametric tests. Results: All the Wechsler-Bellevue subtests revealed that the intelligence functions of the patients were significantly inferior to that of the controls (p<0.05). This performance was supported by the patient's complaints in relation to their cognitive performance. Conclusion: Patients with complex partial epilepsy presented poorer results in the intelligence test when compared with individuals without neuropsychiatric disorders.

Modelos no lineales para describir el crecimiento de bufalinos de la raza Murrah

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

A Bayesian nonparametric model for Taguchi's on-line quality monitoring procedure for attributes

A Bayesian nonparametric model for Taguchi's on-line quality monitoring procedure for attributes is introduced. The proposed model may accommodate the original single shift setting to the more realistic situation of gradual quality deterioration and allows the incorporation of an expert's opinion on the production process. Based on the number of inspections to be carried out until a defective item is found, the Bayesian operation for the distribution function that represents the increasing sequence of defective fractions during a cycle considering a mixture of Dirichlet processes as prior distribution is performed. Bayes estimates for relevant quantities are also obtained. © 2012 Elsevier B.V.

Perfil da fluência em tarefa de narrativa oral em indivíduos com Síndrome de Down

Pós-graduação em Fonoaudiologia - FFC

Análise da fluência em tarefa de narrativa oral em indivíduos com síndrome del22q11.2

Pós-graduação em Fonoaudiologia - FFC

Estudo comparativo entre estilos parentais e o desempenho intelectual de crianças com alta e baixa plumbemia

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Qualidade de vida, avaliação cognitiva e comportamental de prematuros de muito baixo peso com idade entre cinco e oito anos

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Effect of nutritional density and season on the performance of young rabbit does before the first mating

The objective was to evaluate the effect of nutritional density and season on the performance of young rabbit does before the first mating. Forty-eight females from the Botucatu Genetic Group were used in each season (warm or cool), starting at the age of 70 days, housed in groups of four per cage up to 119 days, and reared individually from 120 to 140 days of age. The high-density diet was formulated to contain, on a 90% DM basis, 18.4% CP, 16.5% ADF and 2,500 kcal DE kg-1; whereas the low-density diet was formulated to contain 14.7% CP, 24% ADF and 2,000 kcal DE kg-1. The experiment was conducted according to a 2x2 factorial design (two diets x two seasons) with repeated measures (weeks). The high-density diet promoted lower feed intake, higher final weight, and higher daily weight gain, adjusted for constant intake. But these facts alone do not warrant using a high-density diet for growing rabbit does, because it could have a negative impact during the reproductive phase. In the warm season, there was a reduction in feed intake and an improvement in feed efficiency. Along time, however, the mean body weight of does was similar in the two seasons.

Diurnal behavior of dairy cows on alfalfa pastures supplemented with corn silage and concentrate

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Brazilian adaptation of the Woodcock-Johnson III cognitive tests

An adaptation of the standard battery of Woodcock-Johnson III Tests of Cognitive Abilities (WJ-III) for Brazilian children and youth was investigated. The sample was composed of 1094 students (54 percent girls), ages 7-17, living in Sao Paulo state (91 percent). Items from Brazilian school books as well as from the WJ-III Spanish version (Bateria-R) were added to comprehension-knowledge tests. Brazilian words were adapted to the auditory tests according to syllabic division and stressed syllables. Items were examined through IRT and age differences through analysis of variance. Results indicated the need to remove items from all WJ-III subtests with the exception of the visual learning test. Analysis of Variance indicated significant age differences (p <= 0.001) for all tests. Thus, the importance of a Brazilian adaptation for the WJ-III was confirmed.

Reproductive performance and reconception of nellore cows according to their pure- or cross-bred calves

Contents The objective of the present research was to evaluate the effect of a calf's genetic group on the productive and reproductive efficiency of its Nellore dam. Fixed-time artificial insemination was applied to 800 cows using semen extracted from Nellore, Simmental and Angus Red bulls. Four hundred eleven cows calved, producing 119 Nellore, 103 1/2Simmental-1/2Nellore and 189 1/2Nellore-1/2Angus Red calves. The second mating period, which paired Nellore cows with Simmental bulls, was initiated 10days after parturitions began and lasted for 5months. Based on the two successive parturitions, the cumulative parturition rate for calving periods of 3, 4 and 5months was calculated. Although no significant difference was observed for birth weight among the genetic groups, cross-bred calves weighed, on average, 10% more than did pure-bred calves at the age of 205days. Nellore dams experienced a gestation period that was 7days longer than did the cross-bred dams, and the former showed a higher parturition rate at 90 and 120days of the calving season, but not at 150days (calving rates of 80.6, 76.4 and 76.2% for mothers of Nellore, 1/2Nellore-1/2Angus Red and 1/2Nellore-1/2Simmental, respectively, p>0.05). At 90 and 120days, Nellore dams produced more kg of calf per mated dam. In conclusion, in a short breeding season, Nellore dams nursing pure-bred Nellore calves were found to have a higher biological efficiency compared with Nellore dams nursing cross-bred calves.