Estudo de caso de controle estatístico de processo: levantamento da variação de espessura de tábuas de pinus

This graduate work approaches the study of Statistical Process Control - SPC, in a stage production of an industrial frame, aiming to use the tool of statistical process control (SPC) to assess the process capability. Where the process needs improvement as well not meet the specifications. Assessing the needs that the company needs to improve quality management, and the difficulties they present during the implementation of the CEP. The present study is to use the method of case study. The results are presented through study, and checking the capacity and stability of the process using control charts XbarraR. The process demonstrated the need for improvements in process and quality management. At the end of the work are presented suggestions for improving the quality system of the company

Ferramentas da qualidade na colheita mecanizada de cana-de-açúcar

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Produção Vegetal) - FCAV

Aplicação mecanizada de N-P-K individualizada na cultura da cana-de-açúcar

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Produção Vegetal) - FCAV

Qualidade da operação na cultura da cana-de-açúcar utilizando cartas de controle

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Ciência do Solo) - FCAV

Análise matemática e estatística da produtividade de lavouras cafeeiras agroquímica e orgânica na região da alta paulista

Studies with organic systems have shown the feasibility and ecological and social sustainability of these agroecosystems, unlike the systems agrochemicals (conventional) production. Some studies have concluded that for the model agrochemical exists less interaction between the flow of internal energy, basically the crop receives all inputs to production with no increase in "energy quality" within the system, while in the organic model of production has increased interaction between different resources in the system. The current economic and ecological crisis, exposed no sustainability of the production pattern of industrialized agriculture developed in a way, showing the dependence of developed countries on imports of agricultural commodities produced in the third world, among there coffee. Given these facts, developed a survey to identify problems in the Alta Paulista region, west of São Paulo State, in relation to coffee production systems. Actually, the fundamental problem, according to the research, farmers in this region, is to choose a viable production system correctly (environmental, social and economic); agrochemical or organic. The objectives of this study were to analyze the yield of production systems and agro-chemical and organic coffee in the period from 2003 to 2007, in 30 producing properties, located in this region, in order to point the production system to produce the highest yield. According to the methodology of CONAB, data collected were recorded on spreadsheets to be used as variables in statistical analysis models and mathematics. We performed a descriptive analysis of productivity data and were used for statistical analysis tests for parametric and nonparametric analysis of variance. The mathematical analyses of the curves were prepared with Origin for Windows 6.0 software, which uses numerical methods to fit the data supplied to a function of variable parameters. Unlike conventional systems of production, the organic system showed greater viability of the production model. Furthermore, with the quantitative modeling proposal, it is possible to perform the evaluation of these types of investments, providing more security to the farmer at the time of decision.

Modificação química de amido de mandioca e aplicação em emulsão

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Gráficos de T² para o monitoramento de processos multivariados autocorrelacionados

In which refers to statistical process control, the analysis of univariate cases is not enough for many types of company, being necessary to resort to multivariate cases. Besides, it is usually supposed that the observations are independent. However, the violation of this hypothesis indicates the existence of autocorrelation in the process. In this work, by a basic quantitative approach for an exploratory and experimental research, the study target are the multivariate autocorrelated control charts, using Hotteling T². The ARL values were collected by simulations of a computational program on FORTRAN language, with objective of studying the charts properties, in addition to compare with the

Gráficos de T² para o monitoramento de processos multivariados autocorrelacionados

In which refers to statistical process control, the analysis of univariate cases is not enough for many types of company, being necessary to resort to multivariate cases. Besides, it is usually supposed that the observations are independent. However, the violation of this hypothesis indicates the existence of autocorrelation in the process. In this work, by a basic quantitative approach for an exploratory and experimental research, the study target are the multivariate autocorrelated control charts, using Hotteling T². The ARL values were collected by simulations of a computational program on FORTRAN language, with objective of studying the charts properties, in addition to compare with the

CRITICAL APPLICATIONS OF SW 846 US EPA METHODS TO EVALUATION OF MARINE SAMPLES QUALITY

Technical evaluation of analytical data is of extreme relevance considering it can be used for comparisons with environmental quality standards and decision-making as related to the management of disposal of dredged sediments and the evaluation of salt and brackish water quality in accordance with CONAMA 357/05 Resolution. It is, therefore, essential that the project manager discusses the environmental agency`s technical requirements with the laboratory contracted for the follow-up of the analysis underway and even with a view to possible re-analysis when anomalous data are identified. The main technical requirements are: (1) method quantitation limits (QLs) should fall below environmental standards; (2) analyses should be carried out in laboratories whose analytical scope is accredited by the National Institute of Metrology (INMETRO) or qualified or accepted by a licensing agency; (3) chain of custody should be provided in order to ensure sample traceability; (4) control charts should be provided to prove method performance; (5) certified reference material analysis or, if that is not available, matrix spike analysis, should be undertaken and (6) chromatograms should be included in the analytical report. Within this context and with a view to helping environmental managers in analytical report evaluation, this work has as objectives the discussion of the limitations of the application of SW 846 US EPA methods to marine samples, the consequences of having data based on method detection limits (MDL) and not sample quantitation limits (SQL), and present possible modifications of the principal method applied by laboratories in order to comply with environmental quality standards.

Variation in partner notification outcomes for chlamydia in UK genitourinary medicine clinics: multilevel study

Objectives To compare different ways of measuring partner notification (PN) outcomes with published audit standards, examine variability between clinics and examine factors contributing to variation in PN outcomes in genitourinary medicine (GUM) clinics in the UK. Methods Reanalysis of the 2007 BASHH national chlamydia audit. The primary outcome was the number of partners per index case tested for chlamydia, as verified by a healthcare worker or, if missing, reported by the patient. Control charts were used to examine variation between clinics considering missing values as zero or excluding missing values. Hierarchical logistic regression was used to investigate factors contributing to variation in outcomes. Results Data from 4616 individuals in 169 genitourinary medicine clinics were analysed. There was no information about the primary outcome in 41% of records. The mean number of partners tested for chlamydia ranged from 0 to 1.5 per index case per clinic. The median across all clinics was 0.47 when missing values were assumed to be zero and 0.92 per index case when missing values were excluded. Men who have sex with men were less likely than heterosexual men and patients with symptoms (4-week look-back period) were less likely than asymptomatic patients (6-month look-back) to report having one or more partners tested for chlamydia. There was no association between the primary outcome and the type of the health professional giving the PN advice. Conclusions The completeness of PN outcomes recorded in clinical notes needs to improve. Further research is needed to identify auditable measures that are associated with successful PN that prevents repeated chlamydia in index cases.

Effects of team Knowledge and ecological constraints on decisional processes in customized football game scenarios

Several theories assume that successful team coordination is partly based on knowledge that helps anticipating individual contributions necessary in a situational task. It has been argued that a more ecological perspective needs to be considered in contexts evolving dynamically and unpredictably. In football, defensive plays are usually coordinated according to strategic concepts spanning all members and large areas of the playfield. On the other hand, fewer people are involved in offensive plays as these are less projectable and strongly constrained by ecological characteristics. The aim of this study is to test the effects of ecological constraints and player knowledge on decision making in offensive game scenarios. It is hypothesized that both knowledge about team members and situational constraints will influence decisional processes. Effects of situational constraints are expected to be of higher magnitude. Two teams playing in the fourth league of the Swiss Football Federation participate in the study. Forty customized game scenarios were developed based on the coaches’ information about player positions and game strategies. Each player was shown in ball possession four times. Participants were asked to take the perspective of the player on the ball and to choose a passing destination and a recipient. Participants then rated domain specific strengths (e.g., technical skills, game intelligence) of each of their teammates. Multilevel models for categorical dependent variables (team members) will be specified. Player knowledge (rated skills) and ecological constraints (operationalized as each players’ proximity and availability for ball reception) are included as predictor variables. Data are currently being collected. Results will yield effects of parameters that are stable across situations as well as of variable parameters that are bound to situational context. These will enable insight into the degree to which ecological constraints and more enduring team knowledge are involved in decisional processes aimed at coordinating interpersonal action.

Berth Management in Container Terminals: Quality of Service

This paper empirically evaluates container terminal service attributes. The methodology proposed focuses on statistical control. Based on the concept of service segmentation, the authors employed control charts to classify container terminal services. The purpose of control charts is to allow simple detection of events that are indicative of actual process change. This simple decision can be difficult where the process characteristic is continuously varying, the control chart provides statistically objective criteria of change. When change is detected and considered good its cause should be identified and possibly become the new way of working, where the change is bad then its cause should be identified and eliminated. Both theoretical and practical implications of the research findings are discussed in this paper.

Berth management in container terminals: quality of service

This paper empirically evaluates container terminal service attributes. The methodology proposed focuses on statistical control. Based on the concept of service segmentation, we employed control charts to classify container terminal services. The purpose of control charts is to allow simple detection of events that are indicative of actual process change. This simple decision can be difficult where the process characteristic is continuously varying; the control chart provides statistically objective criteria of change. When change is detected and considered good its cause should be identified and possibly become the new way of working, where the change is bad then its cause should be identified and eliminated. This paper is organized as follows: Section 1 is the introduction, Section 2 provides a brief note on other studies that inspired this research, section 3 focuses on the methodology used, and develops the results obtained and finally conclusions are shown in Section 4. Theoretical and practical implications of the research findings are discussed.

(Table 1) Results from XRD analysis as well as sediment type and selected results from ring shear experiments

The location of the seaward tip of a subduction thrust controls material transfer at convergent plate margins, and hence global mass balances. At approximately half of those margins, the material of the subducting plate is completely underthrust so that no accretion or even subduction erosion takes place. Along the remaining margins, material is scraped off the subducting plate and added to the upper plate by frontal accretion. We here examine the physical properties of subducting sediments off Costa Rica and Nankai, type examples for an erosional and an accretionary margin, to investigate which parameters control the level where the frontal thrust cuts into the incoming sediment pile. A series of rotary-shear experiments to measure the frictional strength of the various lithologies entering the two subduction zones were carried out. Results include the following findings: (1) At Costa Rica, clay-rich strata at the top of the incoming succession have the lowest strength (µres = 0.19) while underlying calcareous ooze, chalk and diatomite are strong (up to µres = 0.43; µpeak = 0.56). Hence the entire sediment package is underthrust. (2) Off Japan, clay-rich deposits within the lower Shikoku Basin inventory are weakest (µres = 0.13-0.19) and favour the frontal proto-thrust to migrate into one particular horizon between sandy, competent turbidites below and ash-bearing mud above. (3) Taking in situ data and earlier geotechnical testing into account, it is suggested that mineralogical composition rather than pore-pressure defines the position of the frontal thrust, which locates in the weakest, clay mineral-rich (up to 85 wt.%) materials. (4) Smectite, the dominant clay mineral phase at either margin, shows rate strengthening and stable sliding in the frontal 50 km of the subduction thrust (0.0001-0.1 mm/s, 0.5-25 MPa effective normal stress). (5) Progressive illitization of smectite cannot explain seismogenesis, because illite-rich samples also show velocity strengthening at the conditions tested.

Particulate concentrations and vertical fluxes of sedimentary material and chemical elements, composition of particulate and sinking material in the water column of the Bear Island Trough, Norwegian Sea, July 1995

CTD and nephelometric sounding data are considered along with parameters of the near-bottom currents and particulate fluxes measured by a subsurface mooring station in the northern part of the Bear Island Trough. It is shown that the near-bottom current is characterized by highly variable parameters, while distribution of suspended particulate matter demonstrates surface and bottom maxima. Horizontal and vertical fluxes of sedimentary material in the nepheloid layer are studied.