Una mirada a la dispersión de semillas en las excretas de mamíferos

Terrestrial mammals are good dispersers of the fruits and seeds of seasonal rainforest in the Gulf of Mexico. Their importance lies in the huge quantity of fruit and seeds they consume, and their daily and seasonal movement through natural and secondary vegetation and agricultural fields. Their importance is even more noteworthy in the face of increasing deforestation and forest fragmentation, which limits the dispersal of propagules across the landscape and affects, among other things, the potential for forest regeneration. To evaluate fruit and seed consumption and dispersal over 12 months, the droppings of rainforest mammals were analyzed for the rainforest and an abandoned pasture (8,400 m2 respectively) on the coast of central Veracruz, Mexico. In the rainforest 158 droppings were collected and 47 in the pasture from a total of eight mammal species, six of which are known dispersers. The droppings contained 150 seeds belonging to 36 species and 19 families. The deposition of different species and quantities of seeds in the forest and pasture indicates that mammals disperse more rainforest species to the pasture than vice versa.

Poesias originales y traducidas de D. José Joaquin Pesado.

"Apuntes biográficos del Sr. D. José Joaquin Pesado": signed R.B. de la Colina.

Album del corazón;

Mode of access: Internet.

Discursos oficiales pronunciados en la apertura del primer período del segundo año de sesiones de la xxiv legislatura, el 16 de septiembe de 1911.

Mode of access: Internet.

Manual de literatura hispano-mexicana /

"Especialmente para sus discipulos y en general para la juventud estudiosa de la nación."

Código penal para el Distrito Federal y Territorio de la Baja-California sobre delitos del fuero común y para toda la República Mexicana sobre delitos contra la Federación.

Mode of access: Internet.

Obras poéticas de Fernando Calderon.

"Algunos rasgos biográficos de Fernando Calderon" (p. [v]-xx) signed: Raphael B. de la Colina.

Teatro.

v. 1. El ultimo cuadro. Así passan. El crimen de Marciano.--v. 2. Jardines tragicos. Indisolubre.

Obras de Manuel Acuña : comprendiendo el drama El pasado /

Mode of access: Internet.

Standard-Bearer

Aztec; 2 ft. 7 11/16 in.x 1 ft. 1 27/64 in.x 1 ft. 1 1/32 in.; sandstone

Le Mexique contemporain /

La h. de lám. mapa de la ruta de México a Veracruz.

Tratado del cholera-morbus de la India : parte primera [-seguna] ... /

Parte secunda ó sea Ensayo sobre la patologia y terapéutica de esta enfermedad.

Geografía y estadística de la República Mexicana.

t. 1. México.--t. 2. Sinaloa.--t. 3. Veracruz.--t. 4. Nuevo León.--t. 5. Guanajuato.--t. 6. Michoacán.--t. 7. Morelos.--t. 8. Querétaro.--t. 9. Oaxaca.--t. 10. Guerrero.--t. 11. Tlaxcala.--t. 12. Tamaulipas.--t. 13. Durago.--t. 15. Zacatecas.--t. 16. Campeche.--t. 17. Aguascalientes.--t. 18. Colima.--t. 19. Coahuila de Zaragoza.--t. 20. Chiapas.

Organic carbon sources and their transfer in a gulf of Mexico coral reef ecosystem

Coral reefs face unprecedented threats throughout most of their range. Poorly planned coastal development has contributed increased nutrients and sewage contamination to coastal waters, smothering some corals and contributing to overgrowth by macroalgae. My approach to assessing the degree to which coral reef ecosystems have been influenced by terrestrial and anthropogenic organic carbon inputs is through the use of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) stable isotopes and lipid biomarkers in a marine protected area, the Coral Reef System of Veracruz: Parque Nacional Sistema Arrecifal Veracruzano (PNSAV) in the southwest Gulf of Mexico. Firstly, I used a C and N stable isotope mixing model and a calculated fatty acid (FA) retention factor to reveal the primary producer sources that fuel the coral reef food web. Secondly, I used lipid classes, FA and sterol biomarkers to determine production of terrestrial and marine biogenic material of nutritional quality to pelagic and benthic organisms. Finally, I used coprostanol to determine pollutant loading from sewage in the suspended particulate matter. Results indicate that phytoplankton is the major source of essential metabolite FA for marine fish and that dietary energy from terrestrial sources such as mangroves are transferred to juvenile fish, while seagrass non-essential FA are transferred to the entire food web mainly in the rainy season. Sea urchins may be the main consumers of brown macroalgae, especially in the dry season, while surgeon fish prefer red algae in both dry and rainy seasons. C and N isotopic values and the ratio C:N suggest that fertilizer is the principal source of nitrogen to macroalgae. Thus nitrogen supply also favored phytoplankton and seagrass growth leading to a better nutritional condition and high retention of organic carbon in the food web members during the rainy season when river influence increases. However, the great star coral Montastrea cavernosa nutritional condition decreased significantly in the rainy season. The nearest river to the PNSAV was polluted in the dry season; however, a dilution effect was detected in the rainy season, when some coral reefs were contaminated. In 2013, a new treatment plant started working in the area. I would suggest monitoring δ¹⁵N and the C: N ratio in macroalgae as indicators of the nitrogen input and coprostanol as an indicator of human feces pollution in order to verify the efficiency of the new treatment plant as part of the management program of the PNSAV.