Comprehensive Genomic Characterization of Long Non-coding RNAs across Human Cancers.

The discovery of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) has dramatically altered our understanding of cancer. Here, we describe a comprehensive analysis of lncRNA alterations at transcriptional, genomic, and epigenetic levels in 5,037 human tumor specimens across 13 cancer types from The Cancer Genome Atlas. Our results suggest that the expression and dysregulation of lncRNAs are highly cancer type specific compared with protein-coding genes. Using the integrative data generated by this analysis, we present a clinically guided small interfering RNA screening strategy and a co-expression analysis approach to identify cancer driver lncRNAs and predict their functions. This provides a resource for investigating lncRNAs in cancer and lays the groundwork for the development of new diagnostics and treatments.

Om det, som bör i achttagas, wid en stads anlägning

Julkaistu: Åbo : tryckt, hos directeruren och kongl. boktr. i Stor. förstendömet Finland, Jacob Merckell , [1753]

Alkuperäisen ulkoasutiedot: [1-2] 3-40 s. ; 4:o

Omistushistoria: Hh: A. R. Cederberg; H Reenpää: Ex libris Heikki Reenpää 1971

Indicações de ressonância magnética das mamas em um centro de referência em oncologia

OBJETIVO: Avaliar e discutir as indicações de ressonância magnética das mamas em um centro de referência oncológico. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Estudo retrospectivo, aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética e Pesquisa da instituição, conduzido através da revisão de prontuários e laudos médicos. Foram incluídos todos os exames de ressonância magnética das mamas realizados no período de julho de 2008 a julho de 2009 (n = 529). RESULTADOS: A idade média das pacientes foi de 49 anos, variando de 17 a 86 anos. História familiar de câncer de mama e/ou ovário esteve presente em 162 pacientes (30,6%). As indicações mais comuns de ressonância magnética das mamas foram esclarecimento de achados inconclusivos na mamografia e/ou ultrassom (48,8%), avaliação de recorrência tumoral/cicatriz cirúrgica (15,1%), estadiamento/planejamento cirúrgico (11,7%) e rastreamento de pacientes de alto risco (8,5%). CONCLUSÃO: Apesar de achados inconclusivos nos exames convencionais serem a indicação mais comum de ressonância magnética das mamas, não há evidências que justifiquem esta conduta na literatura. Em razão da sua alta sensibilidade e percentual de falso-positivos, este exame deve ser adequadamente indicado, para evitar a realização de procedimentos desnecessários. Se bem indicada, a ressonância magnética pode contribuir para o processo de tomada de decisão e constitui uma ferramenta fundamental na avaliação de lesões mamárias.

The use of cost per life year gained as a measurement of cost-effectiveness in Spain: a systematic review of recent publications

The objective of this study was to evaluate the methodological characteristics of cost-effectiveness evaluations carried out in Spain, since 1990, which include LYG as an outcome to measure the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio. METHODS: A systematic review of published studies was conducted describing their characteristics and methodological quality. We analyse the cost per LYG results in relation with a commonly accepted Spanish cost-effectiveness threshold and the possible relation with the cost per quality adjusted life year (QALY) gained when they both were calculated for the same economic evaluation. RESULTS: A total of 62 economic evaluations fulfilled the selection criteria, 24 of them including the cost per QALY gained result as well. The methodological quality of the studies was good (55%) or very good (26%). A total of 124 cost per LYG results were obtained with a mean ratio of 49,529 and a median of 11,490 (standard deviation of 183,080). Since 2003, a commonly accepted Spanish threshold has been referenced by 66% of studies. A significant correlation was found between the cost per LYG and cost per QALY gained results (0.89 Spearman-Rho, 0.91 Pearson). CONCLUSIONS: There is an increasing interest for economic health care evaluations in Spain, and the quality of the studies is also improving. Although a commonly accepted threshold exists, further information is needed for decision-making as well as to identify the relationship between the costs per LYG and per QALY gained.

Kumpulan tiedekirjaston maantieteen monografiat

Maantieteen lainattavien monografioiden kokoelma sisältää 7288 (7.8.2007) nidettä. Kokoelma on luokiteltu UDK-luokituksen mukaisesti. Asiasanoituksessa on käytetty YSA:n asiasanoja sekä tarpeen vaatiessa vapaita asiasanoja. Kopioinnissa tulleita asiasanoja ei ole poistettu, vaan ne ovat käytössä (esim. Kongressin asiasanat). Monografiat ovat pääosin englannin-, suomen, saksan- ja ruotsinkielisiä. Kirjat ovat vapaasti käytettävissä ja lainattavissa. Laina-aika on 28 vuorokautta. Kokoelman kehittäjien tavoitteena on aina ollut korkeatasoinen maantieteen tieteellinen kokoelma, joka vastaa ainelaitoksen tutkijoiden, opettajien ja opiskelijoiden tarpeita. Laitoksen johto on pitänyt tärkeänä riittävää budjetointia hankinnan tarpeisiin. Hankintapäätökset on tehnyt tieteenalan asiantuntija, yleensä laitoksen johtaja yhteistyössä kirjaston kanssa. Käyttäjät ovat pääsääntöisesti olleet omalta ainelaitokselta, mutta tieteenalan luonteen vuoksi kokoelman käyttäjiä ovat myös lukuisten lähitieteiden tutkijat ja muut yksityishenkilöt. Maantieteen kokoelma sisältää myös laajan aluesuunnittelun kokoelman.

A human immune data-informed vaccine concept elicits strong and broad T-cell specificities associated with HIV-1 control in mice and macaques

Background: None of the HIV T-cell vaccine candidates that have reached advanced clinical testing have been able to induce protective T cell immunity. A major reason for these failures may have been suboptimal T cell immunogen designs. Methods: To overcome this problem, we used a novel immunogen design approach that is based on functional T cell response data from more than 1,000 HIV-1 clade B and C infected individuals and which aims to direct the T cell response to the most vulnerable sites of HIV-1. Results: Our approach identified 16 regions in Gag, Pol, Vif and Nef that were relatively conserved and predominantly targeted by individuals with reduced viral loads. These regions formed the basis of the HIVACAT T-cell Immunogen (HTI) sequence which is 529 amino acids in length, includes more than 50 optimally defined CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell epitopes restricted by a wide range of HLA class I and II molecules and covers viral sites where mutations led to a dramatic reduction in viral replicative fitness. In both, C57BL/6 mice and Indian rhesus macaques immunized with an HTI-expressing DNA plasmid (DNA.HTI) induced broad and balanced T-cell responses to several segments within Gag, Pol, and Vif. DNA.HTI induced robust CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses that were increased by a booster vaccination using modified virus Ankara (MVA.HTI), expanding the DNA.HTI induced response to up to 3.2% IFN-γ T-cells in macaques. HTI-specific T cells showed a central and effector memory phenotype with a significant fraction of the IFN-γ+ CD8+ T cells being Granzyme B+ and able to degranulate (CD107a+). Conclusions: These data demonstrate the immunogenicity of a novel HIV-1 T cell vaccine concept that induced broadly balanced responses to vulnerable sites of HIV-1 while avoiding the induction of responses to potential decoy targets that may divert effective T-cell responses towards variable and less protective viral determinants.

Prevalence of Problematic Mobile Phone Use in British Adolescents

The problematic use of mobile phones among adolescents has not been widely studied. There are very few instruments for assessing potential technological addiction to mobile phones, or for categorizing different types of users or uses. The most widely used scale is the Mobile Phone Problem Use Scale (MPPUS), which is used to study adult populations, and has been applied in various forms in international contexts. The aims of this study were to adapt the Spanish version of this scale (MPPUSA) to British adolescents, and then to estimate the prevalence of possible problematic users. A questionnaire was administered to a sample of 1,529 secondary school pupils aged between 11 and 18 years, with 1,026 completed questionnaires being collected. The analysis showed that the factor and construct validity and reliability were comparable to those obtained in previous studies. The prevalence of problematic users among the students was 10%, and the typical problematic user tended to be an adolescent between 11 and 14 years old, studying in a public school, who considered themselves to be an expert user of this technology, who made extensive use of his/her mobile phone, and who attributed the same problem of use among their peers. These users presented notable scores in all the symptoms covered by the scale used to assess problematic use. In conclusion, the adaptation of the MPPUSA as a screening scale for British adolescents presents good sensitivity and specificity for detecting the main addictive symptoms proposed in this validated version.

De lingvis igneis, qvam Christi redemtoris auxilio nixus

Invocatio: [Alpha et Omega].

De vestalibvs Romanorvm

Invocatio: Divina adfulgente gratia.

De gemino Messia

Invocatio: [hepreaa].

De caussis ventorum

Invocatio: D.D.

Schedion zoologicum de ira

Invocatio: Divina adfulgente gratia. Ded.: Gustavus Adolphus Humble, Olavus Osander, Andreas Eckerstedt, Peturs Kexerus, Andreas Ståhl, Sveno Fovelin, Samuel Lyseen, Henricus Bereen, Zacharias Tobiis, Lars Eckman [ruots. runo].

De responso Elisaei, 2. Regum VIII: v. 10

Invocatio: Q.F.F.Q.S.