971 resultados para Spinoza, Benedictus de (1632-1677)


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comp. H. Henkel

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An integrated instrument package for measuring and understanding the surface radiation budget of sea ice is presented, along with results from its first deployment. The setup simultaneously measures broadband fluxes of upwelling and downwelling terrestrial and solar radiation (four components separately), spectral fluxes of incident and reflected solar radiation, and supporting data such as air temperature and humidity, surface temperature, and location (GPS), in addition to photographing the sky and observed surface during each measurement. The instruments are mounted on a small sled, allowing measurements of the radiation budget to be made at many locations in the study area to see the effect of small-scale surface processes on the large-scale radiation budget. Such observations have many applications, from calibration and validation of remote sensing products to improving our understanding of surface processes that affect atmosphere-snow-ice interactions and drive feedbacks, ultimately leading to the potential to improve climate modelling of ice-covered regions of the ocean. The photographs, spectral data, and other observations allow for improved analysis of the broadband data. An example of this is shown by using the observations made during a partly cloudy day, which show erratic variations due to passing clouds, and creating a careful estimate of what the radiation budget along the observed line would have been under uniform sky conditions, clear or overcast. Other data from the setup's first deployment, in June 2011 on fast ice near Point Barrow, Alaska, are also shown; these illustrate the rapid changes of the radiation budget during a cold period that led to refreezing and new snow well into the melt season.

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Fil: Pierri, Andrea. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación; Argentina.

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El artículo rastrea la discusión sobre el vacío que se da en el siglo XVII primordialmente en dos autores, Baruch de Spinoza y Gottfried Leibniz. Es allí, en la temprana modernidad, que el vacío se "descubre" en los laboratorios científicos recién estrenados, en el marco de la ruptura epistemológica que producen las ciencias naturales. No obstante la influencia de la experimentación científica en el pensamiento de los autores citados, la traslación del vacío, desde el campo de las ciencias a la filosofía política y la moral, no se hizo sin objeciones. El artículo rastrea la tensión que produce el concepto, tomándolo como una metáfora de la relación entre los cuerpos y sus límites y potencialidades de organización; es decir, como una metáfora del conflicto entre lo colectivo y los procesos de individualización, en el momento histórico de la expansión de las sociedades capitalistas avanzadas.

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