A new race of Penelope montagnii from southeastern Peru.

v.44:no.14(1962)

A collection of Colombian game birds.

v.37:no.1(1955)

Report on a collection of birds from Oaxaca, Mexico [by] Emmet R. Blake.

v.31:no.40(1950)

A new ant-thrush from British Guiana [by] Emmet R. Blake.

v.31:no.31(1949)

Notes on a collection of birds from northeastern Colombia.

v.44:no.4(1961)

Variation in Myiozetetes luteiventris.

v.44:no.9(1961)

Distribution and variation of Caprimulgus maculicaudus [by] Emmet R. Blake.

v.31:no.26(1949)

A new Peruvian race of Crypturellus obsoletus.

v.39:no.51(1961)

Two new game birds from Peru.

v.39:no.32(1959)

Variation in the quail-dove Geotrygon frenata [by] Emmet R. Blake, Gunnar Hoy [and] Francisco Contino.

v.39:no.50(1961)

The subspecies of Aratinga acuticaudata [by] Emmet R. Blake and Melvin A. Traylor.

v.31:no.21(1947)

La il·lustració britànica

Estudi elaborat a partir d’una estada a la School of Modern Languages de la University of London, Gran Bretanya, entre agost i desembre del 2006. L’objectiu de la recerca consisteix en exposar el moviment empirista a través de Hume, Locke, Berkeley i altres filòsofs del segle XVIII. A més, s’analitza la filosofia escocesa del sentit comú, ja que va influenciar la filosofia catalana durant la “Renaixença”. El seu fundador, Thomas Reid, és conegut perquè va introduir una filosofia que no seguia l’escepticisme dels filòsofs citats. Sintetitzant, Hume va afirmar que l’experiència del sentit consisteix exclusivament en idees o impressions subjectives en la ment. Una resposta aquest “sistema ideal” va ser la filosofia del sentit comú que es va desenvolupar com a reacció a l’escepticisme de David Hume i altres filòsofs escocesos. Contra aquest “sistema ideal” la nova escola considera que l’experiència ordinària dels homes dona instintivament certes creences de la pròpia existència; de la existència dels objectes reals directament percebuts; i de “principis bàsics” basats en creences morals i religioses. Entre 1816 a 1870 la doctrina escocesa va ser adoptada com a filosofia oficial a França. Els seus principis van obtenir força a través de Víctor Cousin i de la traducció de les obres de Thomas Reid al francès per Jouffroy. Serà doncs, a partir de les traduccions franceses que Ramon Martí d’Eixalà va introduir a Catalunya la filosofia escocesa (no existeix cap prova que Martí d’Eixalà hagués conegut les versions angleses de les obres de Reid). En conclusió, el moviment escocès del sentit comú va influenciar l’escola catalana de filosofia.

Why is it so Hard to Value Intangibles? Evidence from Investments in High-Technology Start-Ups

The paper uses a range of primary-source empirical evidence to address the question: ‘why is it to hard to value intangible assets?’ The setting is venture capital investment in high technology companies. While the investors are risk specialists and financial experts, the entrepreneurs are more knowledgeable about product innovation. Thus the context lends itself to analysis within a principal-agent framework, in which information asymmetry may give rise to adverse selection, pre-contract, and moral hazard, post-contract. We examine how the investor might attenuate such problems and attach a value to such high-tech investments in what are often merely intangible assets, through expert due diligence, monitoring and control. Qualitative evidence is used to qualify the more clear cut picture provided by a principal-agent approach to a more mixed picture in which the ‘art and science’ of investment appraisal are utilised by both parties alike

Firms in Scottish High Technology Clusters: software, life sciences, microelectronics, optoelectronics and digital media – preliminary evidence and analysis on firm size, growth and optimality

This paper reports on: (a) new primary source evidence on; and (b) statistical and econometric analysis of high technology clusters in Scotland. It focuses on the following sectors: software, life sciences, microelectronics, optoelectronics, and digital media. Evidence on a postal and e-mailed questionnaire is presented and discussed under the headings of: performance, resources, collaboration & cooperation, embeddedness, and innovation. The sampled firms are characterised as being small (viz. micro-firms and SMEs), knowledge intensive (largely graduate staff), research intensive (mean spend on R&D GBP 842k), and internationalised (mainly selling to markets beyond Europe). Preliminary statistical evidence is presented on Gibrat’s Law (independence of growth and size) and the Schumpeterian Hypothesis (scale economies in R&D). Estimates suggest a short-run equilibrium size of just 100 employees, but a long-run equilibrium size of 1000 employees. Further, to achieve the Schumpeterian effect (of marked scale economies in R&D), estimates suggest that firms have to grow to very much larger sizes of beyond 3,000 employees. We argue that the principal way of achieving the latter scale may need to be by takeovers and mergers, rather than by internally driven growth.

The Estimation of Technical Efficiency Effects Models with an Example Applied to the Thai Manufacturing Sector

This paper does two things. First, it presents alternative approaches to the standard methods of estimating productive efficiency using a production function. It favours a parametric approach (viz. the stochastic production frontier approach) over a nonparametric approach (e.g. data envelopment analysis); and, further, one that provides a statistical explanation of efficiency, as well as an estimate of its magnitude. Second, it illustrates the favoured approach (i.e. the ‘single stage procedure’) with estimates of two models of explained inefficiency, using data from the Thai manufacturing sector, after the crisis of 1997. Technical efficiency is modelled as being dependent on capital investment in three major areas (viz. land, machinery and office appliances) where land is intended to proxy the effects of unproductive, speculative capital investment; and both machinery and office appliances are intended to proxy the effects of productive, non-speculative capital investment. The estimates from these models cast new light on the five-year long, post-1997 crisis period in Thailand, suggesting a structural shift from relatively labour intensive to relatively capital intensive production in manufactures from 1998 to 2002.