Contra as Secas: a engenharia e as origens de um planejamento regional no nordeste brasileiro

Droughts surfaced in 1877 as a crucial problem for the birthing Brazilian nation. Engineers, who formed the country's technical and scientific elite, took it upon themselves to study, understand and fight the problem through planned actions of intervention on space. This work, based on proposals and discussions contained in engineering magazines and reports, aims to provide elements for the comprehension of how these systematized actions against droughts, in the Iate nineteenth and early twentieth century, contributed to spatial analysis and the formation of a (then-inexistent) regional and territorial planning discipline in Brazi!. Engineers, by taking up the position of masterminds in the country's modernization, guaranteed for themselves personal economic stability, social prestige and political power. By understanding nature, either as a resource to be exploited or an adversary to national progress, they contributed to the delimitation of the region now known as the Northeast. By seeking to understand the drought phenomenon, they created knowledge about the space they sought to intervene on; by constructing their projects amid political and economical difficulty, they changed the organizational structures of cities and country in the northeast. The proposals for açudes (Iarge water reservoirs) allowed the fixation of population and the resistance against droughts; the roads - railroads and automotive roadways - connected the sertão to the capitais and the coast, speeding up help to the affected populations during droughts and allowing the circulation of goods so as to strengthen the local economies in normal rimes. The adopted practices and techniques, adapted from foreign experience and developed through trial and improvement, were consolidated as an eminently spatial intervention course, even if a theoretical body of regional or territorial planning wasn't formed in Brazil. Regional Planning proper was first applied in the country in the Northeast itself, in the 1950s, based off an economical view of reality in order to achieve development. The engineer's work prior tothat date, however, cannot be dlsconsldered. It was proved that, despite facing financial and political hurdles, engineers had a profound commitment to the problem and intended to act systematically to transform the economical and social relations in the region, in order to be victorious in their struggle against droughts

Descentralización de las actividades económicas y sociales y robustecimiento de las comisiones económicas regionales = Decentralization of the United Nations Economic and Social activities and strengthening of the Regional Economic Commissions

Incluye Bibliografía

Planejamento regional do turismo no Vale do Paraíba: estudo de caso na micro-região de Bananal - SP

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Região, território e planejamento estatal: planejamento plurianual e desenvolvimento regional

O presente trabalho tem a intenção de analisar as discussões em torno da dimensão territorial no planejamento estatal. Essas discussões não são recentes, elas emergiram no cenário nacional em decorrência também das questões relacionadas a um conjunto de fatores que surgem como imposição do processo de acumulação flexível e globalizado, que busca produzir espaços homogêneos. Nesse momento o próprio papel do Estado, enquanto promotor do desenvolvimento é redefinido, alterando assim, sua relação de poder na produção do espaço, estabelecendo com isso, uma correlação de força com a sociedade. Todavia as questões que envolvem o planejamento recente no Brasil passam pela resolução de pontos cruciais, que estão diretamente ligadas às estratégias de intervenção do Estado a partir de uma lógica territorializada, que em primeiro lugar tem a região como ponto de partida. Nessa perspectiva se faz necessário pensar conceito de região e de território inseridos na dinâmica de planejamento territorial/regional. A tese apresentada neste trabalho demonstra que mesmo havendo um intenso esforço na elaboração dos PPAs e, consequentemente, dos planos e programas a eles ligados, no que se refere à introdução de um “moderno” planejamento público, a partir da introdução da concepção de território e demais instrumentos de execução e avaliação, quando se analisa o orçamento-programa percebe-se que os mesmos seguem outra lógica regionalizada de alocação de recursos, obedecendo a Constituição Federal, tanto no que se refere aos programas finalísticos, quanto ao de apoio às políticas públicas e áreas especiais. Assim, o orçamento segue uma dinâmica regionalizada, enquanto os planos e programas seguem uma dinâmica territorial. Enquanto o orçamento-programa estabelece a alocação de recursos seguindo o critério de divisão regional do IBGE – que divide o Brasil em cinco regiões. Os estudos da Dimensão Territorial para o Planejamento que orientam os PPAs, destacando, principalmente o 2008 – 2011 buscam estabelecer programas de desenvolvimento a partir da criação de inúmeros territórios. Passando assim, a desenvolver um sério problema na dinâmica do planejamento público brasileiro, que é o descompasso entre Plano – Orçamento – Programa, negando, com isso, a concepção de integração presente nos mesmos.

Hidrovia e desenvolvimento regional: estudo dos projetos de desenvolvimento dos vales do Tietê e Paraná no Estado de São Paulo

"This paper aims to examine three regional development plans proposed for the region of the valleys of rivers Tietê and Paraná: Rail Project (ISCO, 1994), the Development Plan (CESP, 1996) and Máster Plan (ADTP, 1996). The interest in conducting the study relies on the possibility that it may contribute to the debate on the reshaping of public policy and style necessary to establish a new pattern of regional development in the country"

Engineering geological data in support of municipal land use planning-a case study in Analandia, southeast Brazil

This paper presents a method for transforming the information of an engineering geological map into useful information for non-specialists involved in land-use planning. The method consists of classifying the engineering geological units in terms of land use capability and identifying the legal and the geologic restrictions that apply in the study area. Both informations are then superimposed over the land use and a conflict areas map is created. The analysis of these data leads to the identification of existing and forthcoming land use conflicts and enables the proposal of planning measures on a regional and local scale. The map for the regional planning was compiled at a 1:50,000 scale and encompasses the whole municipal land area where uses are mainly rural. The map for the local planning was compiled at a 1:10,000 scale and encompasses the urban area. Most of the classification and operations on maps used spatial analyst tools available in the Geographical Information System. The regional studies showed that the greater part of Analandia's territory presents appropriate land uses. The local-scale studies indicate that the majority of the densely occupied urban areas are in suitable land. Although the situation is in general positive, municipal policies should address the identified and expected land use conflicts, so that it can be further improved.

Entre la planificación urbana y las ciencias sociales : la Comisión de Desarrollo Urbano y Regional de CLACSO (1967-1973)

El artículo aborda la constitución y despliegue de la Comisión de Desarrollo Urbano y Regional de CLACSO en tanto red regional entre 1967 y 1973. En el marco de disputas entre distintos saberes expertos sobre la ciudad, se abordará cómo la Comisión replantea las relaciones entre planificación urbana y regional y ciencias sociales y, en términos más amplios, los vínculos entre técnica y política. Asimismo, como parte de la construcción de objetos de investigación trasnacionales, se analiza su intento de construir una programa latinoamericano sobre la investigación urbana y regional y cómo contactos previos construidos en universidades norteamericanas son reutilizados por integrantes de la comisión a los fines de expandirse y acceder a financiamiento. Finalmente, se indica cómo acontecimientos políticos en la región impactan sobre la comisión rearticulando su organización. El artículo se apoya en el análisis de fuentes primarias y secundarias.

The Regional Development Policy of Thailand and Its Economic Cooperation with Neighboring Countries

Thailand has recently strengthened its economic policy toward its neighboring countries in coordination with domestic regional development. It is widely recognized that economic cooperation with neighboring countries is essential in preventing the inflow of illegal labor and effectively utilizing labor and resources through the relocation of production bases. This direction is strengthened by elaborating the GMS-EC and the ECS (Economic Cooperation Strategy). In addition, economic dependency of the neighboring countries on Thailand is generally high. In this report, firstly, Thai regional development policy will be made clear in relation to its economic policy toward neighboring countries as well as the status quo of the industrial estates. Secondly, Thai policy toward the neighboring countries is examined referring to the concept of wide-ranging economic zones, regional economic cooperation and special border economic zones. Thirdly, the paper will discuss how closely the economies between Thailand and the neighboring countries are related through trade and investment. Lastly, some implications on Japan's economic cooperation will also be explored.

Integrating periurban agrarian ecosystem services into spatial planning to cope with urban pressure

According to Corine Land Cover databases, in Europe between 1990 and 2000,77% of new artificial surfaces were built on previous agrarian areas. Urban sprawl ¡s far from being under control, between 2000 and 2006 new artificial land has grown in larger proportion than the decade before. In Spain, like in most countries, the impact of urban sprawl during the last decades has been especially significant in periurban agrarian spaces: between 2000 and 2006, 73% of new artificial surfaces were built on previous agrarian areas. The indirect impact of this trend has been even more relevant, as the expectations of appreciation in the value of land after new urban developments reinforce the ongoing trend of abandonment of agricultural land. In Madrid between 1980 and 2000 the loss of agricultural land due to abandonment of exploitation was 2-fold that due to transformation into urban areas. By comparing four case studies: Valladolild, Montpellier.Florence and Den Haag, this paper explores if urban and territorial planning may contribute to reduce urban pressure on the hinterland. In spite of their diversity, these regions have in common a relative prosperity arising from their territorial endowments, though their landscapes are still under pressure. The three last ones have been working for years on mainstream concepts like multifunctional agriculture. The systematic comparison and the analysis of successful approaches provide some clues on how to reconsider urban planning in order to preserve agricultural land. The final remarks highlight the context in which public commitment, legal protection instruments and financial strategies may contribute to the goals of urban, peri-urban or regional planning about fostering agrarian ecosystem services

La sostenibilidad en la planificación territorial de escala regional en España: estudio de casos

En las dos últimas décadas, la expresión «desarrollo territorial sostenible» se ha incorporado con éxito en los documentos de ordenación del territorio, hasta convertirse en un principio rector principal. El objetivo de este artículo es analizar la incorporación de los principios de sostenibilidad en la planificación territorial española, valorando los resultados prácticos que ello ha significado. Se ha realizado un análisis de las leyes y planes de ordenación del territorio de escala regional, destacando en cuatro casos de estudio (País Vasco, Navarra, Andalucía y Comunidad Valenciana) por la relevancia que este principio rector ha cobrado en sus procesos de planificación territorial. Se ha completado la información con la realización de entrevistas a actores clave de la ordenación del territorio en esos espacios regionales. Los resultados muestran que, a pesar de las buenas intenciones que incluyen los textos de leyes y planes, por lo común, el proceso de integración de la sostenibilidad a la planificación territorial de escala regional es lento y sus efectos prácticos todavía son escasamente visibles.

The new regional pattern : industries and gardens, workshops and farms /

Includes bibliographical references.

Multijurisdictional planning areas in the United States /

Vol. [2] : maps.