以金纳米粒子为探针比色法检测顺铂

研究简单且高灵敏度的检测广谱抗癌药物顺铂(cis-Pt)的新方法在临床上具有重要意义.无机纳米粒子由于具有特殊的光(电)学性质以及其它与形状或粒径有关的性质,近十年来已被广泛应用于各种生物分析和生物医学检测技术中[1,2].本文报道了一种以金纳米粒子表面等离子吸收带变化为基础,通过DNA与cis-Pt相互作用来检测溶液中cis-Pt浓度的新型比色法.1实验部分1.1试剂与仪器实验所用多肽(CALNN)、互补DNA(5′-GAGAGACCGAGAGAGAAA-3′)和多肽-DNA(CALNN-5′-AAAAATTTCTCTCTCGGTCTCTC-3′)均购自Alta Biosciences公司(UK);cis-Pt购自Sigma公司(USA).其它试剂均为分析纯;实验用水为18.2MΩ超纯水.JEOL2010电子透射显微镜(日本电子);紫外分光光度计UVMini-1240(日本岛津);AMX2-400核磁共振仪(布鲁克);X射线等离子质谱仪(英国热电).1.2表面修饰多肽/多肽-DNA的金纳米粒子...

Simple and convenient preparation of Au-Pt core-shell nanoparticles on surface via a seed growth method

Au-Pt core-shell nanoparticles were prepared on glass surface by a seed growth method. Gold nanoparticles were used as seeds and ascorbic acid-H2PtCL6 solutions as growth solutions to deposit Pt shell on the surface of gold nanoparticles. These core-shell nanoparticles and their growth process were examined by UV-Vis spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy and field-emission environmental scanning electron microscopy and the results indicated that the deposition speed was fast and nanoparticles with obvious core-shell structure could be obtained after 2 min. Moreover, this seed growth method for preparation of the core-shell nanoparticles is simple and convenient compared with other seed growth methods with NH4OH as a mild reductant. In addition, electrochemical experiments indicated that these Au-Pt core-shell nanoparticles had similar electrochemical properties to those of the bulk Pt electrode.

碳纳米管负载铂催化剂的制备及其对甲醇的电催化氧化研究

Pt金属是直接甲醇燃料电池(DMFC)常用的催化剂犤1～3犦。为了尽可能减少Pt金属用量,提高Pt的分散度,人们总是选择具有高表面积的基质,如石墨、碳黑、活性碳、分子筛、质子交换膜等,作为Pt金属的载体犤3～5犦。最初,人们以为载体的作用仅仅是提供表面积和多孔气体扩散电极的骨架,使Pt微粒可以有更大的比表面积与反应物接触,但是现在普遍认为犤1犦,当Pt金属负载在活性炭上时,它们中的催化性能有一部分应归结于金属和载体之间的相互作用,因此,载体的形貌及物理化学性质直接影响着催化剂对甲醇的电催化氧化活性。碳纳米管(CNTs)由于其拥有纳米级管腔结构、较高的比表面积、类石墨的多层管壁等特点,使它在做催化剂载体方面有着良好的应用前景犤6～9犦。CheGuangli等人犤6犦在探索CNTs的潜在用途时,曾研究了将Pt、Ru、PtRu等金属或合金沉积在CNTs的内壁,并讨论了其在DMFC上的潜在用途。本文通过液相化学还原的方法制得Pt载量为20%的Pt/CNTs催化剂,并研究了预处理对催化剂形貌、表面基团及其对甲醇电催化氧化性能的影响。1实验部分1.1试剂和仪器实验所用试剂均为分析纯,所有溶液均用三次蒸馏水配制。

Evaluation of a combined wavelet and a combined principal component analysis classification system for BCG diagnostic problem

Heart disease is one of the main factor causing death in the developed countries. Over several decades, variety of electronic and computer technology have been developed to assist clinical practices for cardiac performance monitoring and heart disease diagnosis. Among these methods, Ballistocardiography (BCG) has an interesting feature that no electrodes are needed to be attached to the body during the measurement. Thus, it is provides a potential application to asses the patients heart condition in the home. In this paper, a comparison is made for two neural networks based BCG signal classification models. One system uses a principal component analysis (PCA) method, and the other a discrete wavelet transform, to reduce the input dimensionality. It is indicated that the combined wavelet transform and neural network has a more reliable performance than the combined PCA and neural network system. Moreover, the wavelet transform requires no prior knowledge of the statistical distribution of data samples and the computation complexity and training time are reduced.

Differential inducibility of HLA class I and II antigens by r-IFN gamma in type III bare lymphocyte syndrome.

Case Reports

Spousal concordance in health behavior change.

OBJECTIVE: This study examines the degree to which a married individual's health habits and use of preventive medical care are influenced by his or her spouse's behaviors. STUDY DESIGN: Using longitudinal data on individuals and their spouses, we examine changes over time in the health habits of each person as a function of changes in his or her spouse's health habits. Specifically, we analyze changes in smoking, drinking, exercising, cholesterol screening, and obtaining a flu shot. DATA SOURCE: This study uses data from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS), a nationally representative sample of individuals born between 1931 and 1941 and their spouses. Beginning in 1992, 12,652 persons (age-eligible individuals as well as their spouses) from 7,702 households were surveyed about many aspects of their life, including health behaviors, use of preventive services, and disease diagnosis. SAMPLE: The analytic sample includes 6,072 individuals who are married at the time of the initial HRS survey and who remain married and in the sample at the time of the 1996 and 2000 waves. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We consistently find that when one spouse improves his or her behavior, the other spouse is likely to do so as well. This is found across all the behaviors analyzed, and persists despite controlling for many other factors. CONCLUSIONS: Simultaneous changes occur in a number of health behaviors. This conclusion has prescriptive implications for developing interventions, treatments, and policies to improve health habits and for evaluating the impact of such measures.

Local kinetic interpretation of entropy production through reversed diffusion.

The time reversal of stochastic diffusion processes is revisited with emphasis on the physical meaning of the time-reversed drift and the noise prescription in the case of multiplicative noise. The local kinematics and mechanics of free diffusion are linked to the hydrodynamic description. These properties also provide an interpretation of the Pope-Ching formula for the steady-state probability density function along with a geometric interpretation of the fluctuation-dissipation relation. Finally, the statistics of the local entropy production rate of diffusion are discussed in the light of local diffusion properties, and a stochastic differential equation for entropy production is obtained using the Girsanov theorem for reversed diffusion. The results are illustrated for the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process.

Guidance on interviewing child witnesses in Scotland

The guidance was commissioned from Dr Amina Memon and Lynn Hulse at Aberdeen University. Their work was overseen by a steering group with representatives from the Scottish Executive Justice Department, the Crown Office and Procurator Fiscal Service, NCH Scotland, the Association of Chief Police Officers in Scotland, the Association of Directors of Social Work, the Law Society for Scotland, the Scottish Association of Community Child Health and the Scottish Children’s Reporter Administration. A full list of those involved is given in the Appendix C. pt. 1. Guidance on interviewing child witnesses in Scotland -- pt. 2. Guidance on the questioning of children in court -- pt. 3. Lord Justice-General's memorandum on child witnesses: appendix to Guidance on the questioning of children in court -- pt. 4. Guidance on child witness court familiarisation visits -- pt. 5. Information about child, young and vulnerable adult witnesses to inform decision-making in the legal process: good practice guide -- pt. 6. Code of practice to facilitate the provision of therapeutic support to child witnesses in court proceedings -- pt. 7. Guidance on the conduct of identity parades with child witnesses.