Oceanographic, meteorological, satellite and aircraft observations for project Little Window 2: May 1971

ENGLISH: In May 1971, a joint united states - Mexican experiment, Project Little Window 2, (LW-2) involving data collected by satellite, aircraft and ship sensors was made in the southern part of the Gulf of California. LW-2 was planned as an improved and enlarged version of LW-l (conducted the previous year; Stevenson and Miller, 1971) with field work scheduled to be made within a 200 by 200 km square region in the Gulf of California. The purposes of the new field study were to determine through coordinated measurements from ships, aircraft and satellites, the utility of weather satellites to measure surface temperature features of the ocean from space and specifically to evaluate the high resolution infrared sensors aboard N~ 1, ITOS 1 and NIMBUS 4 and to estimate the magnitude of the atmospheric correction factors needed to bring the data from the spacecraft sensors into agreement with surface measurements. Due to technical problems during LW-2, however, useful data could not be obtained from ITOS 1 and NIMBUS 4 so satellite information from only NOAA-1 was available for comparison. In addition, a new purpose was added, i.e., to determine the feasibility of using an Automatic picture Transmission (APT) receiver on shore and at sea to obtain good quality infrared data for the local region. SPANISH: En mayo 1971, los Estados Unidos y México realizaron un experimento en conjunto, Proyecto Little Window 2 (LW-2), en el que se incluyen datos obtenidos mediante captadores de satélites, aviones y barcos en la parte meridional del Golfo de California. Se planeó LW-2 para mejorar y ampliar el proyecto de LW-l (conducido el año anterior; Stevenson y Miller, 1971), realizándose el trabajo experimental en una región de 200 por 200 km cuadrados, en el Golfo de California. El objeto de este nuevo estudio experimental fue determinar mediante reconocimientos coordinados de barcos, aviones y satélites la conveniencia de los satélites meteorológicos para averiguar las características de la temperatura superficial del océano desde el espacio, y especialmente, evaluar los captadores infrarrojos de alta resolución a bordo de NOAA 1, ITOS 1 Y NIMBUS 4, y estimar la magnitud de los factores de corrección atmosféricos necesarios para corregir los datos de los captadores espaciales para que concuerden con los registros de la superficie. Sin embargo, debido a problemas técnicos durante LW-2, no fue posible obtener datos adecuados de ITOS 1 y NIMBUS 4, as1 que solo se pudo disponer de la información de NOAA 1 para hacer las comparaciones. Además se quiso determinar la posibilidad de usar un receptor de Trasmisión Automático de Fotografias (APT) en el mar para obtener datos infarojos de buena calidad en la región local. (PDF contains 525 pages.)

Oceanographic atlas of habitats of larval tunas in the Pacific Ocean off the Azuero Peninsula, Panama

This report presents maps and statistics of summaries by season (dry and wet) of temperature, salinity, density, oxygen concentration, and oxygen saturation at six depths (0, 3, 10, 30, 50, and 100 m) in the Pacific Ocean off the Azuero Peninsula, Panama. Profiles made with a conductivity-temperature-pressure (CTD) probe on a 14-station grid from July 1989 through August 1991 provide the basis for these products. (PDF contains 37 pages.)

Shipboard Techniques for Oceanographic Observations

This report gives the details of water sampling methods and chemical analyses used during MLML participation in the EOS MODIS investigations. It is intended to be used as a reference manual for those engaged in shipboard work. (PDF contains 50 pages)

Oceanographic Profiling Observations MOCE-4 Cruise: 26 January to 12 February 1998

This report contains results from the fourth cruise of the MODIS Optical Characterization Experiment (MOCE). Also resented are oceanographic data from two MOBY maintenance cruises L-20 and L-25. The MOCE4 cruise was the first NOAAINESDIS-Ied SeaWiFS Initialization cruise during which a variety ofspectroradiometric observations ofthe upper water column and atmosphere were made by investigators from NOAA, the University of Miami, CHORS and MLML. Data presented in this report were obtained by oceanographic CTD profiler: salinity, temperature, dissolved oxygen, beam attenuation and chlorophyll-a fluorescence~ and by water samplers: total suspended matter and suspended organic carbon and nitrogen, salinity and dissolved oxygen. (PDF contains 142 pages).

Oceanographic Profiling and Spectroradiometer Observations from the MOCE-2 Cruise: 28 March to 14 April 1993

This report contains results from the second cruise of the Modis Optical Characterization Experiment (MOCE). Data presented here were obtained on the Mexican Research Vessel El Puma between 29 March and 13 April along the Pacific coast of Baja California and in the Gulf of California. Three types of data are reported: high spectral resolution radiometry at three depths for 13 stations; salinity, temperature beam attenuation and chlorophyll-a fluorescence, profiles at the same stations; and total suspended matter and suspended organic carbon and nitrogen.(PDF is 90 pages.)

Oceanographic Profiling Observations from the MOBY-L7 Cruise: 25 to 30 June 1994

This report contains CTD profiling results from the seventh cruise to the Marine Optics Buoy (MOBY) site near the Island of Lanai. Data presented here were obtained on the University of Hawaii Research Vessel Moana Wave between 26 and 30 June 1994. Two types of data are reported: vertical profile observations of salinity, temperature beam attenuation and chlorophyll-a fluorescence, profiles; and total suspended matter and suspended organic carbon and nitrogen taken from water samplers at those stations.

Oceanographic Profiling Observations from the MOCE-3 Cruise: 27 October to 15 November 1994

This report contains results from the third cruise of the Marine Optical Characterization Experiment (Fig. 1). A variety of spectroradiometric observations of the upper water column and atmosphere were made by investigators from the University of Miami, NOAA, CHORS and MLML. Data presented here were obtained by oceanographic CTD profiler: salinity, temperatllre, dissolved oxygen, beam attenuation and chlorophyll-a fluorescence; and by water samplers: total suspended matter and suspended organic carbon and nitrogen, salinity, and dissolved oxygen.

Cost effectiveness of a combination of instruments for global warming: a quantitative approach for Spain

4 p.

Market Instruments and CO2 Mitigation: A General Equilibrium Analysis for Spain

25 p.

Fisheries statutory instruments 1950-93 [collection of salmon and fisheries legislation with special respect to Cumbria]

This document is a collection of legislative documents relating to fisheries, especially Statutory Instruments, with special regards to the county Cumbria in the north of England. This includes Orders on salmon and trout spanning the years 1950-1993.

Dietary variations in three co-occurring rockfish species off the Pacific Northwest during anomalous oceanographic events in 1998 and 1999

Stomach samples from three rockfish species, yellowtail (Sebastes f lavidus), widow (S. entomelas), and canary (S. pinniger) rockfish, seasonally collected off the Pacific Northwest in 1998 and 1999, provided quantitative information on the food habits of these species during and after the 1997–98 El Niño event. Although euphausiids were the most common major prey of all three predators, gelatinous zooplankton and fishes were the most commonly consumed prey items during some seasonal quarters. The influence of the El Niño event was evident in the diets. Anomalous prey items, including the southern euphausiid species Nyctiphanes simplex and juveniles of Pacific whiting (Merluccius productus) frequently appeared in the diets in the spring and summer of 1998. The results of stomach contents analyses, based on 905 stomach samples from 49 trawl hauls during seven commercial fishing trips and from 56 stations during research surveys, were consistent with the timing of occurrence and the magnitude of change in biomass of some zooplankton species reported from zooplankton studies in the northern California Current during the 1997–98 El Niño. Our findings indicate that the observed variations of prey groups in some rockfish diets may be a function of prey variability related to climate and environment changes.

Ichthyoplankton community in the Columbia River plume off Oregon: effects of fluctuating oceanographic conditions

Ichthyoplankton samples were collected at approximately 2-week intervals, primarily during spring and summer 1999−2004, from two stations located 20 and 30 km from shore near the Columbia River, Oregon. Northern anchovy (Engraulis mordax) was the most abundant species collected, and was the primary species associated with summer upwelling conditions, but it showed significant interannual and seasonal fluctuations in abundance and occurrence. Other abundant taxa included sanddabs (Citharichthys spp.), English sole (Parophrys vetulus), and blacksmelts (Bathylagidae). Two-way cluster analysis revealed strong species associations based primarily on season (before or after the spring transition date). Ichthyoplankton abundances were compared to biological and environmental data, and egg and larvae abundances were found to be most correlated with sea surface temperature. The Pacific Decadal Oscillation changed sign (from negative to positive) in late 2002 and indicated overall warmer conditions in the North Pacific Ocean. Climate change is expected to alter ocean upwelling, temperatures, and Columbia River flows, and consequently fish eggs and larvae distributions and survival. Long-term research is needed to identify how ichthyoplankton and fish recruitment are affected by regional and largescale oceanographic proces