Capacitação do doente oncológico com doença avançada/cuidador para a gestão da dor em domicílio

Introdução: A dor oncológica é assustadora, tanto para o doente como para o cuidador, quer pela intensidade como por vezes surge, quer pela associação a outros sintomas e alterações nas atividades de vida, causando sofrimento e isolamento social. Capacitar o doente e o cuidador para a gestão da dor, passa por ensinar a identificar, a monitorizar, a relacionar a dor com outros sintomas e com as atividades de vida. Assim como, ensinar a gerir de forma adequada a terapêutica prescrita. Objetivos: Avaliar a aplicação de um programa educativo na capacitação do doente oncológico/cuidador com doença avançada, na gestão da dor em domicílio; Identificar intervenções de Enfermagem no decurso da aplicação do programa; Identificar dificuldades na capacitação do doente/cuidador; Avaliar a capacidade do doente antes e após a aplicação do programa educativo. Metodologia: Este estudo foi realizado no âmbito do projeto de doutoramento. Trata-se de um estudo longitudinal quase experimental, em que foi avaliado o conhecimento relativo à dor antes e depois da aplicação do programa e foi feita uma análise transversal dos registos elaborados pelos participantes, após os vários momentos de contacto/ensino. Participaram no estudo 52 doentes oncológicos com doença avançada, que frequentavam um hospital de dia, em consulta e tratamento sintomático ou curativo de 2ª ou 3ª linha. Resultados: A aplicação do programa educativo exigiu contactos (momentos de ensino) com os participantes, verificandose que 75% dos participantes iniciaram o programa no 1º contacto e 25% iniciaram no 2º contacto. O número de contactos por participante variou entre os 2 e os 6, tendo-se efetuado 3 contactos a 52% dos participantes, 4 a 25% e 2 a 21%. Um participante teve 5 momentos de contacto e outro, 6 momentos. Quanto à capacidade para realização completa dos registos, verificou-se que no final, 50% dos participantes realizaram registos completos de forma independente, destes, 8% adotaram o comportamento correto na tomada da medicação, 6% não modificaram o comportamento e nos restantes esta mudança não se revelou significativa. Trinta e três por cento dos participantes não conseguem realizar os registos sem ajuda, devido ao agravamento dos sintomas, ou baixo nível de literacia, mas identificam e avaliam a dor e outros sintomas. Quinze por cento realizam os registos de forma incompleta e 1 participante apenas descreve a experiência de dor. Conclusões: O desenvolvimento de um programa educativo para capacitação exige uma avaliação do número de momentos de interação necessários para que o processo ocorra. Existem condicionalismos à efetivação dos momentos de contacto, tais como, o estado clínico do doente, a literacia e o desenvolvimento do processo de saúde doença. A aplicação do programa em 3 momentos de ensino foi o mais frequente nesta população. Após a aplicação do programa, a maioria dos doentes/ cuidadores apresentam capacidade para identificar, avaliar e monitorizar a dor e outros sintomas, assim como as alterações nas atividades de vida. Verificou-se uma melhoria na gestão da terapêutica antiálgica. Palavras-chave: dor oncológica; programa educativo; intervenção de enfermagem; capacitação Referências bibliográficas: Borneman, T., Koczywas, M., Sun, V., Piper, B. F., Smith-Idell, C., Laroya, B., & Ferrell, B. (2011). Eficácia de uma intervenção clínica para eliminar as barreiras ao tratamento da dor e fadiga em oncologia. Journal of Palliative Medicine, 14(2), 197-205. doi: 10,1089 / jpm.2010.0268 Tsigaroppoulos, T., Mazaris, E., Chatzidarellis, E., Skolarikos, A. Varkarakis, I., & Deliveliotis, C. (2009). Problems faced by relatives caring for cancer patients at home. International Journal Of Nursing Practice, 15(1), 1-6. doi:10.1111/j.1440-172X.2008.01725.x Vallerand, A., Riley-Doucet, C., Hasenau, S., & Templin, T. (2004). Improving cancer pain management by homecare nurses. Oncology Nursing Forum, 31(4), 809-816. doi:10.1188/04.ONF.809-816 West, C., Dodd, M., Paul, S., Schumacher, K., Tripathy, D., Koo, P., & Miaskowski, C. (2003). The PRO-SELF(c): Pain control programan effective approach for cancer pain management. Oncology Nursing Forum, 30(1), 65-73. doi:10.1188/03

O reiki para cuidar de quem cuida

“O Reiki para Cuidar de Quem Cuida” surge de vivências hospitalares de profissionais de saúde que solicitam e recorrem a sessões do Projeto “Terapia de Reiki/Shiatsu aos profissionais de Saúde do serviço de obstetrícia e bloco de partos”, referindo dores, stress, ansiedade e mal-estar. Objetivos: dar visibilidade ao Reiki como técnica terapêutica no cuidar e avaliar o Burnout dos profissionais de saúde antes e após sessão de Reiki. Metodologia: sensibilização para Reiki e Burnout, aplicação de questionários, tratamento de dados, pesquisa bibliográfica. Resultados: os profissionais de saúde necessitam de mais informação e de mais sessões de Reiki que referem ser muito úteis e promotoras de bem-estar; encontram-se em nível Médio de Burnout, reduzindo os valores após o Reiki. Conclusões: o Reiki reduz o Burnout, a sua inclusão na prática de enfermagem traduz-se em ganhos em saúde para si e para os utentes; ABSTRACT: Title: Reiki: Caring for Those who Care “Reiki: Caring for Those who Care” arised from health personnel’s experiences who request and resort to the project’s sessions “Reiki Therapy/Shiatsu to the Health Personnel of the Maternity and of the Obstetric/Gynecological Emergency Department”, who refer pain, stress, anxiety and malaise. Objectives: Presenting Reiki as a therapeutic technique in caring and evaluate health personnel’s Burnout before and after Reiki sessions. Methods: Raising awareness to Reiki and Burnout, questionnaires, data treatment, bibliographic research. Results: Health personnel need more information and more Reiki sessions, which refer being useful and wellbeing promoters; they experience a medium level of Burnout, having this value decreased after Reiki sessions. Conclusions: Reiki reduces Burnout, and its inclusion in the nursing practice results in health personnel’s and patient’s health outcomes.

Quando a morte antecede o nascimento: atuação do enfermeiro especialista em saúde materna e obstetrícia na assistência à mulher que vivência uma morte fetal

A perda gestacional é uma experiência dolorosa e complexa para a mãe/casal. O enfermeiro surge como promotor da adaptação á perda. Com esta intervenção, pretendo assegurar boas práticas de enfermagem na assistência às mulheres/casais em situação de perda gestacional. Foi realizado um estudo qualitativo em que se realizaram entrevistas a mulheres que vivenciaram perda gestacional e aos Enfermeiros Especialistas de Saúde Materna e Obstétrica como prestadores de cuidados. Os resultados mostram que os enfermeiros consideram a perda gestacional uma experiência difícil de vivenciar, identificando necessidades de formação. As mulheres referem diferenças na abordagem por parte dos enfermeiros aquando dos cuidados recebidos, falta de apoio e necessidade de encaminhamento após a alta hospitalar. Efetuou-se formação aos enfermeiros com peritos da área e desenvolveram-se procedimentos para uniformizar os cuidados. Foi criado um procedimento para uniformizar a prática e materiais de suporte para o apoio na prestação de cuidados de enfermagem; WHEN THE DEATH ANTECIPATES THE BIRTH: MIDWIVES' ROLE IN ASSISTANCE TO WOMENWHO EXPERIENCE FETAL DEATH. ABSTRACT: Pregnancy loss is a painful and complex experience to the mother/couple. The nurse is the promoting agent to the loss adaptation. With this project, I intend to ensure good nursing practices in assisting women/couples who experience a pregnancy loss. A qualitative study was performed, in which interviews were conducted to women who experienced a pregnancy loss and to nurse-midwives who provided care. Results demonstrated that nurse-midwives find pregnancy loss as a difficult experience, identifying educational needs. Women relate differences in the nurse-midwives’ approach during care, lack of support and the need of follow-up after hospital discharge. Nurse-midwives were subjected to training with experts and procedures were developed in order to standardize care. A practice standardizing procedure and educational materials were created to support nursing practice.

Cuidar em obstetrícia com qualidade: operacionalização dos registos da consulta de enfermagem

São conhecidos os benefícios da aplicabilidade da Classificação Internacional para a Prática de Enfermagem, nos cuidados de enfermagem. Tivemos como objetivo, otimizar o SClinico na consulta de saúde materna da Maternidade Dr. Francisco Feitinha da Unidade Local de Saúde do Norte Alentejano, EPE. Para diagnóstico da situação foi aplicada uma entrevista que permitiu identificar as necessidades da população. Foram propostas intervenções de diagnóstico frequentes, necessárias para promover a melhoria dos cuidados prestados e a qualidade dos mesmos. Para avaliação da intervenção aplicamos um questionário. Constatou-se que a maioria dos enfermeiros considera os registos eletrónicos de enfermagem importantes e de muita utilidade, para a atividade profissional e constituem uma fonte de informação essencial que permite a comunicação entre os profissionais de saúde garantindo continuidade e qualidade dos cuidados de enfermagem; ABSTRACT: The benefits of the application of the International Classification for Nursing Practice in nursing care are known. Our purpose was to optimize the Clinical System and Nursing health consultation Maternity Dr. Francisco Feitinha Unit of the North Alentejo Health, EPE. For the diagnosis of the situation, it was applied an interview to identify the needs of the population. It was proposed more frequent diagnosis of interventions necessary to promote the improvement of care and its own quality. For evaluation of the intervention, we applied a questionnaire. Thus, we concluded that most nurses consider important electronic nursing records and that they are very useful for the professional activity. They are seen as an essential source of information and enable communication between health professionals ensuring continuity of quality care.

Mental health nursing standards and practice indicators for Australia: a review of current literature

There are many changes and challenges facing the mental health care professional working in Australia in the 21st Century. Given the significance of their number and the considerable extent to which care is delivered by them, mental health nurses in particular must be at the forefront of the movement to enhance and improve mental health care. Mental health nurses in Australia must not only keep up with the changes, we should be setting the pace for others across the profession worldwide. The increasingly complex field of mental health nursing demands nurses who are not only equipped to face the challenges but are confident in doing so. Definitive guidelines for practice, clear expectations regarding outcomes and specific means by which to evaluate both practice and outcomes are vital. Strengthening the role and vision of mental health nursing so that there is clarity about both and highlighting core values by which to perform will enable us to become focused on our future and what we can expect to both give to and receive from our chosen profession and how we can, and do, contribute to mental health care. The role of the mental health nurse is undergoing expansion and there are new hurdles to overcome along with the new benefits this brings. To support this, nationally adopted, formalised standards of practice and means by which to measure these, i.e., practice indicators formerly known as clinical indicators, are required. It is important to have national standards and practice indicators because of the variances in the provision of mental health across Australia – different legislation regarding mental health policies and processes, different nursing registration bodies and Nursing Councils, for example – which create additional barriers to cohesion and uniformity. Improvements in the practice of mental health nursing lead to benefits for consumer outcomes as well as the overall quality of mental health care available in Australia. The emphasis on rights-based care, particularly consumer and carer rights, demands evidence-based, up-to-date mental health care delivered by competent, capable professionals. Documented expectations for performance by nurses will provide all involved with yardsticks by which to evaluate outcomes. Flowing on from these benefits are advances in mental health care generally and enhancements to Australia’s reputation and position within the health care arena throughout the world. Currently, the ‘Standards for Practice’ published by the Australian New Zealand College of Mental Health Nurses (ANZCMHN) in 1995 and the practice indicators developed by Skews et al. (2000) provide a less formal guide for mental health nurses working in Australia. While these earlier standards and practice indicators have played some role in supporting mental health nurses they have not been nationally or enthusiastically adopted and there are a multitude of reasons for this. This report reviews the current literature available on practice indicators and standards for practice and describes an evidence-based rationale as to why a review and renewal of these is required and why it is important, not just for mental health nurses but to the field of mental health in general. The term ‘practice indicator’ is used, except where a quotation utilises ‘clinical indicator’, to more accurately reflect the broad spectrum of nursing roles, i.e. not all mental health nursing work involves a clinical role.

Community Health Nursing: Current Practice and Possible Futures (PDF 298 KB)

Community Health Nursing: Current Practice and Possible Futures

The Nursing and Midwifery Resource - Guidance for Best Practice on the Recruitment of Overseas Nurses and Midwives

Guidance for Best Practice on the Recruitment of Overseas Nurses and Midwives is prepared specifically for employers. The document includes a set of principles which are fundamental to the development of a model of transcultural nursing and midwifery. The document is based on the assumption that each potential employee has the qualifications and experience required to meet the criteria for registration as a nurse or midwife in Ireland Download the Report here

A Review Of Practice Development In Nursing And Midwifery In The Republic Of Ireland And The Development Of A Strategic Framework

A Review Of Practice Development In Nursing And Midwifery In The Republic Of Ireland And The Development Of A Strategic Framework Click here to download PDF 1.52MB

Die Reichweite von Theorien als Indikator für ihre Umsetzbarkeit in der Praxis [The scope as an indicator of the applicability of nursing theories to practice]

In der Pflegewissenschaft geben der Einsatz von Theorien und der daraus folgende Gewinn immer wieder Anlass zu Diskussionen. Ein Hauptvorwurf ist, dass Pflegetheorien als sehr abstrakt und wenig praxisnah gelten. Jedoch gibt es wenige Indikatoren, um das Abstraktionsniveau von Theorien und die damit verbundene Reichweite zu bestimmen. Im vorliegenden Artikel werden Fragen basierend auf die Definitionen und Grundannahmen von Theorien erstellt. Damit werden anschließend drei ausgesuchte Theorien auf ihr Abstraktionsniveau und Reichweite untersucht. Es wurden 18 Fragen zu den drei Bereichen ,,Zweck der Theorie", ,,Aufgabe der Theorie" und ,,Beschreibung der Theorie" entwickelt. Diese 18 Fragen wurden auf die Theorie der Adaptation von Sister Callista Roy, die Theorie zur Unsicherheit von Merle M. Mishel und die Theorie der Omnipräsenz von Krebs von Maya Shaha angewendet. [The use of nursing theories and their associated benefits remain an area of repeated discussion in nursing. One of the main objections is that nursing theories are abstract and therefore cannot be easily applied to practice. However, only few indicators exist to help identify a theory's level of abstraction or its scope. In this article, questions based on definitions and assumptions of theories have been developed. These questions have then been applied to three selected theories to investigate their level of abstraction and scope. A total of 18 questions divided into three domains were developed. The three categories were: ,,the purpose of the theory", ,,the aim of the theory" and ,,the description of the theory". The theory of Adaptation by Sister Callista Roy, the Theory of Uncertainty by Merle M. Mishel and the Theory of the Omnipresence of Cancer by Maya Shaha were selected to be analysed following the three domains with the 18 questions.]

The Strategic Impact of Clinical Practice Guidelines in Nursing on the Managerial Function of Supervision

Clinical practice guidelines in nursing (CPG-N) are tools that allow the necessary knowledge that frequently remains specialist-internalised to be made explicit. These tools are a complement to risk adjustment systems (RAS), reinforcing their effectiveness and permitting a rationalisation of healthcare costs. This theoretical study defends the importance of building and using CPG-Ns as instruments to support the figure of the nursing supervisor in order to optimise the implementation of R&D and hospital quality strategies, enabling clinical excellence in nursing processes and cost-efficient reallocation of economic resources through their linear integration with SARs.

Study of adaptation and validation of the Practice environment scale of the nursing work index for the portuguese reality

Objective: Testing the psychometric properties of the Portuguese version of the Practice Environment Scale of the Nursing Work Index. Method: A descriptive, analytical and cross-sectional study, for the cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the psychometric properties of the scale. The study participants were 236 nurses from two hospitals in the regions of Lisbon and Vale do Tejo. Results: The 0.92 Cronbach’s alpha was obtained for overall reliability and support of a five-dimension structure. Conclusion: The excellent quality of adjustment of analysis confirms the validity of the adapted version to hospital care settings, although there was no total coincidence of items in the five dimensions


Pedagogical reflective practice of nursing undergraduates: the portfolio as an instrument

Objective Analyzing the narratives related to the pedagogical practice experienced during the Supervised Curricular Internship reported in the portfolios of Nursing undergraduate students, regarding the levels of reflection. Method This is a documentary descriptive exploratory study that examined two of the activities proposed for the portfolio preparation. Results Among the 28 analyzed portfolios, all showed the three levels of reflection (technical, critical and metacritical). Conclusion The students had the opportunity to experience the pedagogical practice and presented reflections at metacritical level, reflecting on their performance, the construction of their teaching identity, and about the importance of reflecting on the practice with the objective of transforming it and transforming themselves.

La pratique infirmière avancée [Advanced practice nursing].

Dans les sociétés contemporaines axées sur le savoir, plus grande sera la proportion de leur population détentrice d'une formation supérieure et engagée en recherche, plus avancé sera leur développement économique et social.1,2 Par contre, dans ces sociétés, le vieillissement de la population, l'importance ccordée aux soins de santé axés sur les maladies chroniques et les coûts financiers de ceux-ci exercent une forte pression sur les systèmes de santé. Les nterventions doivent donc être les plus efficaces possible, avec un rapport coût/efficacité optimal. Cela requiert que les infirmières soient capables d'oeuvrer en pratique avancée, c'est-à-dire capables de développer, implémenter et évaluer des approches cliniques infirmières basées sur des preuves, de tester de nouvelles interventions potentiellement plus efficientes et de promouvoir un programme de recherche portant explicitement sur l'amélioration de la qualité et sécurité des soins en contexte d'interdisciplinarité.

Pharmacological treatment of behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) in nursing homes: development of practice recommendations in a Swiss canton

OBJECTIVES: In 2002, the canton of Fribourg, Switzerland, implemented a coordinated pharmaceutical care service in nursing homes to promote rational drug use. In the context of this service, a project was conducted to develop recommendations for the pharmacological management of behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) in nursing home residents. DESIGN AND METHODS: Selected evidence-based guidelines and meta-analysis sources related to the management of depression, insomnia, and agitation in dementia patients were systematically searched and evaluated. Evidence and controversies regarding the pharmacological treatment of the most common BPSD symptoms were reviewed, and treatment algorithms were developed. RESULTS: Ten evidence-based guidelines and meta-analyses for BPSD management were identified, with none specifically addressing issues related to nursing home residents. Based on this literature, recommendations were developed for the practice of pharmacological management of depression, sleep disturbances, and agitation in nursing home residents. For depression, SSRIs are considered the first choice if an antidepressant is required. No clear evidence has been found for sleep disturbances; the underlying conditions need to be investigated closely before the introduction of any drug therapy. Many drugs have been investigated for the treatment of agitation, and if necessary, antipsychotics could be used, although they have significant side effects. Several areas of uncertainty were identified, such as the current controversy about typical and atypical antipsychotic use or the appropriateness of cholinesterase inhibitors for controlling agitation. Treatment algorithms were presented to general practitioners, pharmacists, and medical directors of nursing homes in the canton of Fribourg, and will now be implemented progressively, using educational sessions, pharmaceutical counseling, and monitoring. CONCLUSION: Based on existing evidence-based studies, recommendations were developed for the practice of pharmacological management of depression, sleep disturbances, and agitation in nursing home residents. It should be further studied whether these algorithms implemented through pharmaceutical care services will improve psychotropic drug prescriptions and prevent drug-related problems in nursing home residents