Knowledge dissemination in the global service marketing community

Purpose��� The evolution of the service marketing field was marked by the emergence of a global, vigorous and tolerant community of service marketing researchers. This paper seeks to examine the history of the service marketing community and argues that it may be an archetype for building the emergent global service research community. Design/methodology/approach��� The study combines qualitative and quantitative approaches. The authors interviewed four pioneering service scholars and also collected descriptive data (e.g. Authorship, Affiliation, Title, Keywords) of all service related articles published in 13 top peer���reviewed marketing and service journals over the last 30 years (5,432 articles; 6,450 authors). In a dynamic analysis the authors mapped global collaboration between countries over time and detected clusters of international collaboration. Findings��� Findings suggest a growing international collaboration for the USA and the UK, while for other countries like Israel the global collaboration started from a high level and decreases now. Further, the service marketing community never became polarized and there were always contributions from researchers all over the world. Research limitations/implications��� As the global service research community is developing, service marketing becomes a research neighborhood within the broader service research community. Simultaneously, other research neighborhoods are emerging within this new community (e.g. service arts, service management, service engineering, service science). Originality/value��� Anchored on the social evolution and biological evolution metaphors, this study explains the evolution of the service marketing field from both qualitative and quantitative perspectives. Furthermore, it explains the development of the service marketing community as an archetype for building the global service research community.

Bringing export performance metrics into Annual Reports: the APEV scale and the PERFEX scorecard

Annual company reports rarely distinguish between domestic and export market performance and even more rarely provide information about annual indicators of a specific export venture's performance. In this study, the authors develop and test a new measure for assessing the annual performance of an export venture (the APEV scale). The new measure comprises five dimensions: (1) annual export venture financial performance, (2) annual export venture strategic performance, (3) annual export venture achievement, (4) contribution of the export venture to annual exporting operations, and (5) satisfaction with annual export venture overall performance. The authors use the APEV scale to generate a scorecard of performance in exporting (the PERFEX scorecard) to assess export performance at the corporate level while comparatively evaluating all export ventures of the firm. Both the scale and the scorecard could help disclose export venture performance and could be useful instruments for annual planning, management, monitoring, and improvement of exporting programs.

The RELQUAL scale: a measure of relationship quality in export market ventures

In this article, the authors develop a new measurement scale (the RELQUAL scale) to assess the degree of relationship quality between the exporting firm and the importer. Relationship quality is presented as a high-order concept. Findings reveal that a better quality of the relationship results in a greater (1) amount of information sharing, (2) communication quality, (3) long-term orientation, as well as (4) satisfaction with the relationship. The four multi-item scales show strong evidence of reliability as well as convergent, discriminant and nomological validity in a sample of British exporters. Findings also reveal that relationship quality is positively and significantly associated with export performance. Suggestions for applying the measure in future research are presented.

The STEP scale: a measure of short-term export performance improvement

This article is a direct response to a recent observation in the literature that managers appear to be short-term oriented in their assessment of the performance of an export venture (Madsen 1998). On the basis of a cross-national survey of exporting firms, the authors present a three-dimensional scale for assessing managerial judgment of short-term export performance (i.e., the STEP scale). The three dimensions are (1) satisfaction with short-term performance improvement, (2) short-term exporting intensity improvement, and (3) expected short-term performance improvement. The scale presents evidence of reliability as well as convergent, discriminant, and nomological validity, and it reveals factorial similarity and factorial equivalence across both samples. The authors outline managerial and public policy implications that stem from the scale and identify avenues for further export marketing research.

Challenges in conducting and publishing research on the Middle East and Africa in leading journals

Purpose ��� The purpose of this paper is to examine the reasons for the lack of research attention paid to the Middle East (ME) and Africa regions. In particular, this study seeks to identify the reasons for and implications of the paucity of ME- and Africa-based studies in high-quality international journals in the marketing field with a specific focus on the challenges in conducting and publishing research on these regions. Design/methodology/approach ��� The authors conducted a systematic review of the literature on the ME and Africa regions to identify papers published in 23 high-quality marketing, international business, and advertising journals. This search resulted in 301 articles, among which 125 articles were based on primary or secondary data collected from a local source in those regions. The authors of these 125 articles constitute the Delphi study sample. These academics provided input in an effort to reach a consensus regarding the two proposed models of academic research in both regions. Findings ��� This paper differs from previous studies, where academic freedom emerged as the most important inhibitor to conducting and publishing research. The most frequently mentioned challenges in conducting research in Africa were access to data, data collection issues, diversity of the region, and lack of research support infrastructure. For the ME, the most often described challenges included validity and reliability of data, language barriers, data collection issues, and availability of a network of researchers. Editors��� and reviewers��� low interest and limited knowledge were ranked high in both regions. South Africa, Israel, and Turkey emerged as outliers, in which research barriers were less challenging than in the rest of the two regions. The authors attribute this difference to the high incidence of US-trained or US-based scholars originating from these countries. Originality/value ��� To the best of the knowledge, no marketing studies have discussed the problems of publishing in high-quality international journals of marketing, international business, and advertising for either region. Thus, most of the issues the authors discuss in this paper offer new insightful results while supplementing previous research on the challenges of conducting and publishing research on specific world regions.

Search for Salmonella spp. in ostrich productive chain of Brazilian southeast region

We analyzed ostriches from an equipped farm located in the Brazilian southeast region for the presence of Salmonella spp. This bacterium was investigated in 80 samples of ostrich droppings, 90 eggs, 30 samples of feed and 30 samples of droppings from rodents. Additionally, at slaughter-house this bacterium was investigated in droppings, caecal content, spleen, liver and carcasses from 90 slaughtered ostriches from the studied farm. Also, blood serum of those animals were harvested and submitted to serum plate agglutination using commercial Salmonella Pullorum antigen. No Salmonella spp. was detected in any eggs, caecal content, liver, spleen, carcass and droppings from ostriches and rodents. However, Salmonella Javiana and Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica 4, 12: i:- were isolated from some samples of feed. The serologic test was negative for all samples. Good sanitary farming management and the application of HACCP principles and GMP during the slaughtering process could explain the absence of Salmonella spp. in the tested samples.

Calibra����o autom��tica de sistemas de vis��o est��reo a partir de movimentos desconhecidos

Esta disserta����o apresenta um m��todo para calibra����o autom��tica de um par de c��meras que realiza um movimento desconhecido. O processo de calibra����o aqui descrito �� baseado inteiramente na rigidez da cena observada e na invariabilidade dos par��metros intr��nsecos das c��meras durante o movimento. N��o h�� a necessidade de nenhum artefato de calibra����o especial. Este trabalho mostra uma abordagem completa, desde o processo de casamento de pontos at�� a estima����o dos par��metros da c��mera. N��o �� feita nenhuma suposi����o sobre o movimento das c��meras, tampouco sobre a disposi����o da cena 3D. Exemplos de aplica����es deste m��todo est��o nos experimentos onde a calibra����o das c��meras precisa ser realizada remotamente, dificultando o posicionamento de artefatos de calibra����o na cena alvo, como �� o caso para rob��s de explora����o interplanet��ria.

Um estudo emp��rico sobre os benef��cios de SOA nas empresas: a vis��o dos profissionais de TI

Este trabalho tem como objetivo principal a avalia����o da percep����o dos profissionais de tecnologia de informa����o quanto aos benef��cios atribu��dos a arquitetura orientada a servi��o (SOA). Em busca deste objetivo, e visando uma melhor compreens��o do tema, estudos te��ricos foram desenvolvidos abordando os seguintes assuntos: Arquitetura de Software, Gerenciamento de Processos de Neg��cio (BPM) e Arquiteturas Orientadas a Servi��os (SOA). A partir do referencial te��rico e de um grupo de foco ��� composto por seis profissionais experientes em SOA ��� oito hip��teses foram levantadas, representando os principais benef��cios atribu��dos a estas arquiteturas. Um question��rio foi ent��o preparado e, a partir dele, 66 respostas v��lidas foram obtidas. Os resultados foram analisados utilizando-se de estat��sticas descritivas e dos testes estat��sticos n��o-param��tricos de Wilcoxon e qui-quadrado, buscando a valida����o, ou rejei����o, das hip��teses apresentadas. Como resultado, em suma, percebe-se que, apesar da recente ado����o das SOAs pelas empresas brasileiras, parece haver uma conson��ncia entre seus profissionais de TI quanto aos benef��cios desta nova abordagem para projetos de tecnologia da informa����o. Evidencia-se tamb��m a grande import��ncia de disciplinas como governan��a e planejamento para a garantia do sucesso na implanta����o de projetos baseados nestas arquiteturas.

Evolu����o mineral��gica da altera����o later��tica em rochas vulc��nicas b��sicas na borda sudeste da Bacia do Paran�� (Rio Grande do Sul e Santa Catarina)

Perfis de altera����o em basaltos com baixos teores de Ti02 (LTiB) da Parte Sudeste da Bacia do Paran�� (SPB) associam-se a superf��cies aplainadas, nos planaltos das Arauc��rias (Ab' Saber, 1973), entre altitudes de 950 m a 750 m (Vacaria) e 1000m a 920m (a Sul de Lages). Em dom��nios mais dissecados do relevo, que crescem de Este para Oeste, e nas encostas intensamente dissecadas destes planaltos a Sul (calha do rio Antas) e a Norte (calha do rio Pelotas), os perfis de altera����o s��o truncados ou inexistentes. A associa����o dos perfis de altera����o com superf��cies geomorfol��gicamente mais antigas (aplainadas e elevadas) faz supor que o in��cio dos processos de altera����o seja correlativo ��s superf��cies aplainadas, antigo e, prov��vel mente, Terci��rio. As sequ��ncias de altera����o mais completas localizam-se em morros de topo plano e apresentam as seguintes f��cies: Rocha m��e, sapr��lito, alterito argiloso, alterito esferoidal, "stone line", coberturas m��veis e solo atual. Qu��micamente os produtos de altera����o intemp��rica dos basaltos s��o "lateritas" segundo defini����o de Schellmann (1981), com enriquecimento em Fe2D.3 e H20; perdas em Si02, FeO, MgO, CaO, Na20 e K20; prov��veis pequenas perdas emA12D.3. No sapr��lito, os peda��os de rocha fragmentada permitiram a descri����o das altera����es hidrotermais refletidas nas para g��neses dos s��tios intersticiais, constitui dos por materiais cristalinos e criptocristalinos. Os cristais de titanomagnetita aparecem com manchas azuis irregulares que sugerem varia����es cristaloqu��micas cont��nuas dentro de um mesmo cristal, t��picas da maghemitiza����o. O alterito argiloso �� sede de pseudomorfoses dos minerais magm��ticos e hidrotermais. Esmectitas, ocupam os s��tios das camadas mistas hidrotermais; halloysitas 7 e 10 �� s��o dominantes nos plasmas das pseudomorfoses de plagiocl��sios e plasmas ricos em ferro e s��lica predominam nas pseudomorfoses de pirox��nios. Observa-se a transi����o halloysita -caolinita desordenada rica em ferro estrutural nas partes superiores do conjunto. Os plasmas secund��rios s��o silico-aluminosos, nas partes baixas do conjunto, e predominantemente opacos no topo. Estes plasmas constituem-se de halloysita, litioforita (ou plasma rico em Mn), goethita e maghemita. O alterito esferoidal apresenta o n��cleo de rocha e um c��rtex de cor amarelo -alaranjada em que se verifica a presen��a dominante da goethita aluminosa. Secund��riamente, aparecem cristobalita, maghemita e gibbsita. As coberturas m��veis, s��o constitui das de plasma caolin��tico e plasmas ricos em hematita e goethita. Aparecem ainda gr��nulos, pis��litos e n��dulos herdados de antigas coura��as desmanteladas. Os minerais, formados em condi����es lateritizantes, s��o os filossilicatos halloysita 7�� e lO��, caolinita desordenada e os ��xidos e hidr��xidos, hematita, goethita, gibbsita e litioforita.Observou-se que a mineralogia de altera����o est�� intimamente associada �� textura da rocha original. Encontram-se, ainda, nestes horizontes de altera����o intemp��rica, a cristobalita (metaest��vel) e a titanomaghemita. As titanomaghemitas identificadas nos sapr��litos e alteritos apresentam as caracter��sticas de maghemitiza����o: diminui����o da taxa 32(Fe+ Ti)/O, aumento de lacunas na malha cristalina e diminui����o do par��metro ~. Mg diminui com o intemperismo, Mn e AI se concentram nas fases magn��ticas. A halloysita 7�� predomina sobre a lO��, na fra����o < 2Jlm, do alterito argiloso, alterito esferoidal e no sistema fissural. A caolinita predomina no horizonte "tachet��". No alterito esferoidal, ocorre tamb��m caolinita e esmectita. As argilas halloys��ticas apresentam quatro morfologias: esferas, tubos, lamelas planares e cones. A halloysita forma-se preferencialmente �� caolinita no c��rtex de altera����o do alterito esferoidal e na f��cies argilosa, constituindo um primeiro est��gio de intemperismo. Os tubos e cones t��m os menores teores de Fe2��3 enquanto as halloysitas planares t��m os mais altos teores de Fe2��3. O teor de Fe das part��culas esferoidais �� variado. Os ��xidos e hidr��xidos destes perfis caracterizaram varia����es da atividade a ��gua, de atividade da s��lica dissolvida e temperatura, refletindo as paleocondi����es (clim��ticas) de forma����o destas coberturas f��sseis.

Olhares sobre a restaura����o da Igreja Nossa Senhora do Carmo da Antiga S��

O trabalho examina o processo de constru����o de mem��rias relacionadas ao bem patrimonial, a partir do estudo de caso da restaura����o da Igreja Nossa Senhora do Carmo da antiga S��, realizada para as comemora����es do bicenten��rio de chegada da Fam��lia Real ao Brasil, organizada pela Prefeitura da cidade do Rio de Janeiro em 2008. Mediante a realiza����o de entrevistas semi-diretivas com atores sociais ligados �� igreja e aos ��rg��os respons��veis pelas obras de restaura����o, al��m do recurso �� documenta����o gerada para e em fun����o das obras, foram apontadas as escolhas, conflitos e negocia����es em jogo no planejamento e execu����o do projeto. P��de-se constatar ainda, na an��lise do processo de restaura����o, a percep����o poliss��mica desse bem patrimonial, na medida em que esteve sujeito �� introdu����o de novos usos e significados ligados a pr��ticas museais e tur��sticas que acompanham sua recupera����o arquitet��nica. Finalmente, o trabalho ressalta a necessidade de ampliar os estudos sobre patrim��nio, estendendo-se a an��lise da produ����o da mem��ria social ao ��mbito da recep����o, pelos diferentes grupos sociais, dos bens que pretendem representar e materializar uma mem��ria comum.

An��lise te��rico-experimental de uma laje nervurada em modelo reduzido sujeita a um carregamento linear

Resumo n��o dispon��vel.

Processos produtivos e trabalho-educa����o: a incorpora����o do caboclo catarinense na ind��stria madeireira

The object theme of the present study is a population of caboclos that absorbed as manual workers in the saw-mills which were mounted in the highland region of Santa Catarina since 1950. The abundance of araucaria (native kind of pine) the opening of markets, and the corroboration of other industrial exploration conditions encouraged a great crowd of small en.- trepreneurs, coming basically from the state of Rio Grande do Sul, to migrate and settle down, building up a lot of saw-mills near rich forests and fields. The saw-mills started aprosperous production of timber sawn in planks. The process of industriali zation was so intensive, the destruction of pine woods soviolent that, in less than three decades, the forests ran out of tree reserves. The caboclos, absorbed as manual workers in production of timber, lived traditionally in an system of subsistense, either from the cultivation of pine the economic their land (planter caboclo) or as labourers in cattle-growing farms (farm hand caboclos). Nevertheless, the 'advantages' that were offered them by the new-comer entrepreneurs (a salary paid in money, a new house in a village, and other favours) helped the great majority of caboclos to abandon their traditional work and enlist as "workmen" in saw-mills. The new job, besides being a novelty, was an opportunity for a change in status. Subsequently, the running out of forests of araucaria and the resultant progressive shut-down of saw-mills caused the crowd of workmen to be out of imployment and to form to form a migratory flood toward the most important town of the region, Lages. The town of Lages, however, having made of the timber i ts main economic support wi thout the implantation of an alternative industry, was unable to offer the migrantssufficient 'work places'. In this way, the 'marginal crowd' began to settle down in the suburbs of the city. This study, in the context of the object theme, analyses two main questions related to the reality 'WOlLQ' and to the economic exploitation forms: ~) the relations of production in the economic regime of subsistence and in the capitalist regime of industrial production with the consequent 'positions' of the workman in the productive processj ~~) the deriving educative effects of the productive process, either in the economic regime of subsistence, or in the capitalist industrial regime. The two questions are theoretically debated andconfro~ ted with the proposed reality, giving origin to conclusions that, in a general formulation, can be summarized as follows: a) the caboclos of the highland region of Santa Catari na, when under an economic regime of subsistence, held in fee the productive processj there was a social division of the work and aclimate of freedom which made possible the development of knowledge from their life and work experience, the production of most of their tools, and the making of necessary manufactures adapted to their own surrounding ditionsi -- - --- other con- ------ b) however, these same caboclos, when absorbed by the capitalist industrial process of production - tipified by the work in saw-mills - lost the control of the productive processj this was caused by the technologic division of the work, since each man began to perform a dull and repeti tive action, directed by the speed of the 'major-saw' j man resigned form his skill and inventive power and surrendered to an executive authority which turned him into a 'collective worker'j the new productive process, besides rnaking each rnan a copy of a pattern, put the caboclos in a situation in which the daily work experiencedidn't add anything in terrns of autogenesis of knowledgei and even the environrnental educative rneans were reduced to new forrns of adaptation to the productive process, relegating rnan's inventive power to inertia.

N��veis de julgamento de alunos de 1., 2. e 3. graus de ensino

Os n��veis de julgamen to dos alunos de 1 2 , 22 e ,:3 2 graus de ensino da Rede de E'sco las Particulares e da ~~nda����o Universit��ria da cidade de Lages - Santa Catari ~a -, �� um estudo te��rico e de investiga����o pr��tica, que -pretende verificar e discutir as rela����es entre a quali~ . dade ou maturidade de julgamento .. ' . e as var~ave~s idade grau de escolaridade, capacidade intelectual e n��vel s��- --ci.o-econ��mico dos alunos ,sujeitos da pesquisa. A amostra foi sorteada aleatoriamente entre to- dos os alunos da 8! s��rie do 12 grau, 2~' s��rie do 29 grau e 3! s��rie do 3 2 grau, num percentual aproximado de 20% da popula����o total visada. Constituiu-se, assim, uma amos tra de 152 sujeitos, extTa{da de uma popula����o de 898 a~ . . lunos. Os objetivos espec��ficos que orientaram o estu- , ." ... . .' ,.., . do resumem-se na anal~se e discussao das rela��oes entreo n��vel de julgamento e as demais vari��veis, isto ��, ida~ de, grau de escolaridade, capacidade intelectual e n��vel s��cio-econ��mico dos ,alunos pesquisados. Os resultados indicam que: 1) a maioria absolu- , ta dos sujeitos tanto de 12 e 22 graus qcinnto os de .j2 grau n��o alcan��ou'os n��veis de julgamento mais maduros - ou seja - julgamento imaginativo-explicativo e imaginati vo-explicati vo-compreensi vo.�� .2) Os sujei tos revelam -a- centuada dificuldade de racioc��nio e julgamento' em ,rela ����o ao texto-teste de estrutura l��gica. 3) As vari��veis' ~dade, grau de escolaridade, n��vel 56cio~ecort��mico rela- ',c~onam-se,. em geral, positivamente com o n��vel de julga- ~mento, embora, no caso desta pesquisa, essa rela����o seja :fraca, possivelmente em fun����o da pou.ca dispers��o ougra!! de homog'eneic.ade' dos escores obtidos pelos sujeitos. Es- -sa homogeneidade de resultados levanta problemas que me- receriam novos estudos para maiores esclarecimentos sobre as condi��;es de desenvolvimento do processo de julga- mento, sejam internas ou externas �� escola. s��o levantadas quest��es relativas, principalmen- te, �� a����o da escola, aos livros textos nela utilizados ��s condi����es prec��rias dos professores, �� concep����o tradi ci��nal de educa����o e sobre o sistema ou contexto social a tual dentro do qual a escola �� um sub-sistema. s��o sugeridas, no final do trabalho, pesquisas e estudos que visem amplioar o c onhecimento a raspei to do d~ senvolvimento do processo de julgar, bem como, pesquisas que procurem relacionar o n��vel s��cio-econ��mico do profes sor e a quantidade e qualidade de leituras feitas por ele com o desempenho dos alunos.

Being ahead of its time the consumer resistance phenomenon: a comparative case study research

As empresas frequentemente negligenciam o fen��meno da resist��ncia dos consumidores, culminando em investimentos em v��o que podem comprometer a sustentabilidade financeira da empresa. Em um mundo onde a novidade �� solicitada pelo mercado, as empresas impulsionadas por inova����o devem perceber se os consumidores est��o preparados para receber uma tecnologia disruptiva. Neste cen��rio, a difus��o tecnol��gica tornou-se um tema importante de debate entre os pesquisadores. A resist��ncia dos consumidores, no entanto, tem sido negligenciada na literatura. Este estudo analisa as caracter��sticas de inova����o percepcion��veis que inibem a massa cr��tica de consumidores a adotar produtos tecnol��gicos. Al��m disso, este estudo complementa a literatura atual, fornecendo resultados emp��ricos e testando a teoria existente. O projeto de pesquisa tem uma abordagem qualitativa de estudo de caso m��ltiplo, investigando as caracter��sticas mais relevantes de dois produtos tecnol��gicos disruptivos que foram rejeitados pela maioria dos consumidores, versus outros dois produtos tecnol��gicos disruptivos que foram positivamente reconhecidos. Os resultados mostram que a compatibilidade com o estilo de vida do cliente constitui o fator mais importante que levanta barreiras para a ado����o.