MORTALITY OF ANTICARSIA GEMMATALIS (LEPIDOPTERA: NOCTUIDAE) CATERPILLARS POST EXPOSURE TO A COMMERCIAL NEEM (AZADIRACHTA INDICA, MELIACEAE) OIL FORMULATION

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Factors Influencing Expression of Antixenosis in Soybean to Anticarsia gemmatalis and Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Caracterização do potencial inseticida e capacidade antioxidante de Spathodea campanulata (Bignoniaceae)

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Current Resources

Reviews include: The Managed Care Answer Book for Mental Health Professionals. ( 1997) Gayle McCracken Tuttle and Dianne Rush Woods. Bristol, P A: Brunner/Mazel, Inc. Reviewed by Patricia Newlin Somebody Else's Children: and the Struggle to Save America's Troubled Families. (1996) John Hubner and Jill Wolfson. New York: Three Rivers Press. Reviewed by John Nasuti Assessing the Long-Term Effects of Foster Care-A Research Synthesis. (1996) Thomas P. McDonald, Reva I. Allen, Alex Westerfield, and Irving Piliavin. Washington, D.C.: CWLA Press. Reviewed by Anthony N. Ma/uccio

Modifying Post-Operative Medical Care after EBV Implant May Reduce Pneumothorax Incidence.

OBJECTIVE Endoscopic lung volume reduction (ELVR) with valves has been shown to improve COPD patients with severe emphysema. However, a major complication is pneumothoraces, occurring typically soon after valve implantation, with severe consequences if not managed promptly. Based on the knowledge that strain activity is related to a higher risk of pneumothoraces, we asked whether modifying post-operative medical care with the inclusion of strict short-term limitation of strain activity is associated with a lower incidence of pneumothorax. METHODS Seventy-two (72) emphysematous patients without collateral ventilation were treated with bronchial valves and included in the study. Thirty-two (32) patients received standard post-implantation medical management (Standard Medical Care (SMC)), and 40 patients received a modified medical care that included an additional bed rest for 48 hours and cough suppression, as needed (Modified Medical Care (MMC)). RESULTS The baseline characteristics were similar for the two groups, except there were more males in the SMC cohort. Overall, ten pneumothoraces occurred up to four days after ELVR, eight pneumothoraces in the SMC, and only two in the MMC cohorts (p=0.02). Complicated pneumothoraces and pneumothoraces after upper lobe treatment were significantly lower in MMC (p=0.02). Major clinical outcomes showed no significant differences between the two cohorts. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, modifying post-operative medical care to include bed rest for 48 hours after ELVR and cough suppression, if needed, might reduce the incidence of pneumothoraces. Prospective randomized studies with larger numbers of well-matched patients are needed to confirm the data.

Elegia De Eclipsi, Qva in Vmbram Terrae Lvna Incvrrit Ivxta Cor Leonis : D. Vlt. M. Ianvar. H. IIX M. LIIX P. M. Anni Vertentis

Scripta ad Studiosos in Academia Erphordiana, Aut. Barth. Hubnero Philos. & Med. Doctore

Pedogeomorphology, geochronology and paleobotany of soil profiles obtained in the Nagqu area, central Tibet

Vast areas on the Tibetan Plateau are covered by alpine sedge mats consisting of different species of the genus Kobresia. These mats have topsoil horizons rich in rhizogenic organic matter which creates turfs. As the turfs have recently been affected by a complex destruction process, knowledge concerning their soil properties, age and pedogenesis are needed. In the core area of Kobresia pygmaea mats around Nagqu (central Tibetan Plateau, ca. 4500 m a.s.l.), four profiles were subjected to pedological, paleobotanical and geochronological analyses concentrating on soil properties, phytogenic composition and dating of the turf. The turf of both dry K. pygmaea sites and wet Kobresia schoenoides sites is characterised by an enrichment of living (dominant portion) and dead root biomass. In terms of humus forms, K. pygmaea turfs can be classified as Rhizomulls mainly developed from Cambisols. Wet-site K. schoenoides turfs, however, can be classified as Rhizo-Hydromors developed from Histic Gleysols. At the dry sites studied, the turnover of soil organic matter is controlled by a non-permafrost cold thermal regime. Below-ground remains from sedges are the most frequent macroremains in the turf. Only a few pollen types of vascular plants occur, predominantly originating from sedges and grasses. Large amounts of microscopic charcoal (indeterminate) are present. Macroremains and pollen extracted from the turfs predominantly have negative AMS 14C ages, giving evidence of a modern turf genesis. Bulk-soil datings from the lowermost part of the turfs have a Late Holocene age comprising the last ca. 2000 years. The development of K. pygmaea turfs was most probably caused by an anthropo(zoo)-genetically initiated growth of sedge mats replacing former grass-dominated vegetation ('steppe'). Thus the turfs result from the transformation of pre-existing topsoils comprising a secondary penetration and accumulation of roots. K. schoenoides turfs, however, are characterised by a combined process of peat formation and penetration/accumulation of roots probably representing a (quasi) natural wetland vegetation.

Photosynthetically active radiation and microalgae and protist occurrence at ice stations of POLARSTERN cruise ARK-XIX/1

Pack ice around Svalbard was sampled during the expedition ARK XIX/1 of RV "Polarstern" (March-April 2003) in order to determine environmental conditions, species composition and abundances of sea-ice algae and heterotrophic protists during late winter. As compared to other seasons, species diversity of algae (total 40 taxa) was not low, but abundances (5,000-448,000 cells/l) were lower by one to two orders of magnitude. Layers of high algal abundances were observed both at the bottom and in the ice interior. Inorganic nutrient concentrations (NO2, NO3, PO4, Si(OH)4) within the ice were mostly higher than during other seasons, and enriched compared to seawater by enrichment indices of 1.6-24.6 (corrected for losses through the desalination process). Thus, the survival of algae in Arctic pack ice was not limited by nutrients at the beginning of the productive season. Based on less-detailed physical data, light was considered as the most probable factor controlling the onset of the spring ice-algal bloom in the lower part of the ice, while low temperatures and salinities inhibit algal growth in the upper part of the ice at the end of the winter. Incorporation of ice algae probably took place during the entire freezing period. Possible overwintering strategies during the dark period, such as facultative heterotrophy, energy reserves, and resting spores are discussed.