Preconditioning in the reef-building coral Pocillopora damicornis and the potential for trans-generational acclimatization in coral larvae under future climate change conditions

Coral reefs are globally threatened by climate change-related ocean warming and ocean acidification (OA). To date, slow-response mechanisms such as genetic adaptation have been considered the major determinant of coral reef persistence, with little consideration of rapid-response acclimatization mechanisms. These rapid mechanisms such as parental effects that can contribute to trans-generational acclimatization (e.g. epigenetics) have, however, been identified as important contributors to offspring response in other systems. We present the first evidence of parental effects in a cross-generational exposure to temperature and OA in reef-building corals. Here, we exposed adults to high (28.9°C, 805 µatm PCO2) or ambient (26.5°C, 417 µatm PCO2) temperature and OA treatments during the larval brooding period. Exposure to high treatment negatively affected adult performance, but their larvae exhibited size differences and metabolic acclimation when subsequently re-exposed, unlike larvae from parents exposed to ambient conditions. Understanding the innate capacity corals possess to respond to current and future climatic conditions is essential to reef protection and maintenance. Our results identify that parental effects may have an important role through (1) ameliorating the effects of stress through preconditioning and adaptive plasticity, and/or (2) amplifying the negative parental response through latent effects on future life stages. Whether the consequences of parental effects and the potential for trans-generational acclimatization are beneficial or maladaptive, our work identifies a critical need to expand currently proposed climate change outcomes for corals to further assess rapid response mechanisms that include non-genetic inheritance through parental contributions and classical epigenetic mechanisms.

Family Business in Mexico: Responses to Human Resource Limitations and Management Succession

Indigenous firms in Mexico, as in most developing countries, take the shape of family businesses. Regardless of size, the most predominant ones are those owned and managed by one or more families or descendent families of the founders. From the point of view of economics and business administration, family business is considered to have variety of limitations when it seeks to grow. One of the serious limitations is concerning human resource, which is revealed at the time of management succession. Big family businesses in Mexico deal with human resource limitations adopting measures such as the education and training of the successors, the establishment of management structure that makes control by the owner family possible and divisions of roles among the owner family members, and between the owner family members and the salaried managers. Institutionalization is a strategy that considerable number of family businesses have adopted in order to undergo the succession process without committing serious errors. Institutionalization is observed in such aspects as the establishment of the requisite condition to be met by the candidate of future successor and the screening by an institution which is independent of the owner family. At present these measures allow for the continuation of family businesses in an extremely competitive environment.

Helping to Close the Generational Gap in Nuclear: The Seminars and Conferences of Spanish Young Generation in Nuclear (Jóvenes Nucleares)

As in each country of Europe with nuclear power, there is a clear gap between those generation that have built the power plants in the eighties and the new generations with less than ten years of experience in the nuclear field. From its creation, Spanish Young Generation in Nuclear (Jóvenes Nucleares) has as an important scope to help transferring the knowledge between those generations in the way that it can be possible. Some years ago, JJNN have started organizing seminars periodically trying to cover as many areas as possible in the nuclear engineering field, and some of them outside the industry but related with it.

Breve juridico discurso por Don Ignacio Cervero y Aznar, con Don Joseph Cerverò y Aznar su hermano sobre la succession de la metad del tercio y remanente del quinto de los bienes que quedaron por fin, y muerte de Doña Maria Ana Aznar, que posseia Doña Maria Vicenta Cerverò...

El texto aparece fechado en Valencia en 1730 al final del mismo

Por D. Lorenzo Fernandez de Villauicencio ... con D. Geronimo Diego de Auila y con D. Manuel Bartolome de Avila y Siguença ... de Xerez sobre la succession del mayorazgo que fundò Doña Juana Melgarejo ...

En texto consta la fecha de 1595 en r. de la h. 2 como fecha de institución del mayorazgo

Por Don Francisco Fernando Valterra y Verenguer Giron de Rebolledo... en el pleyto que por especial comission de S.M. pende... con Don Miguel Jofre Valterra y Blanes... sobre la succession en propiedad del Condado de la Villanueva...

Sign. : A-I2

Por Don Francisco Fernando Valterra y Berenguer Giron de Rebolledo... con Don Joseph Valterra y Blanes... sobre la succession en propiedad del mayorazgo fundado de Torres-Torres por Don Juan Valterra...

Sign.: A-G2

Fundamentos y reflecciones[sic] que suplica Don Fernando Vallterra y Berenguer Giròn de Rebolledo regidor perpetuo ... en la causa que ... sigue con D. Vicente Castelvi y Monsoriu sobre la succession en el mayorazgo del condado de Villanueva ..

Precede al tit. : "San Antonio de Padua"

Addicion al informe legal que se escriuiò por D. Miguel Martinez de Esclapès, antes don Bernardo Villarig, don Joseph Zapata de Calatayud, Conde de Cirat ... en el pleyto en juicio de vista con Don Miguel Pasqual de Bonanza sobre la succession en propiedad de los bienes recayentes en el vinculo, y mayorazgo fundado por D. Miguel Martinez de Esclapès ...

Precede al tít.: Jesus, Maria y Joseph