The role of crowdfunding in promoting entrepreneurship

Crowdfunding is a collaborative initiative, usually via internet, where people network to collectively raise funds in order to invest in and support projects delivered by other people or organizations. Tools such as crowdfunding are born and thrive in a grassroots environment, with a strong potential to positively disrupt the entrepreneurial generation setting and grow to a position of significant relevance in society, namely at a time when alternatives to traditional forms of finance are welcome and the technology to deliver them is abundant. Entrepreneurship is the act of transforming ideas and projects into economic products or services. Entrepreneurship related to starting new businesses is better known as start‐up ventures. Entrepreneurs face a series of challenges, from idea conception and business plan design, to obtaining finance, promoting new products and services, generating revenues and profits and generally growing and sustaining a business for the long‐run. These challenges can be overwhelming, namely in the start‐up phase of a new venture, leaving several ideas on paper without them having a chance to “grow legs and walk”. This paper and its analysis offer important insights about the contribution of crowdfunding to facilitate the attainment of critical factors for successful entrepreneurship. With extensive use of real practical examples, leveraging previous analytical studies of other crowdfunding implications and reviewing expert literature, by interviewing entrepreneurs, crowdfunding platform owners and by benefitting from hands on experience of working in such an organization, we intend to clarify the impact of crowdfunding in what we considered to be 7 key entrepreneurial requirements detailed further in the introduction section and later in the body of the paper. The findings have implications for entrepreneurs, naturally, and for business generation theory, extending current entrepreneurial guidelines with innovative tools and methodologies capable of sustaining successful ventures in a newly highlighted cooperative world. We live in innovative times where the channels for the transfer of funds and resources suffer disruptive changes with the potential to significantly improve the ability to generate new initiatives for the well‐being of entrepreneurs and all related communities.

GEM, Global Entrepreneurship Monitor : reporte anual Bogotá 2009-2010

Gestión del conocimiento

GEM, Global Entrepreneurship Monitor : reporte anual Bogotá 2010-2011

Gestión del conocimiento

GEM, Global Entrepreneurship Monitor : reporte anual Bogotá 2012-2013

Gestión del conocimiento

Reporte Anual Bogotá 2013-2014 Global Entrepreneurship Monitor

En el 2014, el Reporte Anual de emprendimiento Bogotá GEM 2013 – 2014 cumple su quinto año de medición de la actividad emprendedora en Bogotá y sobre el comportamiento de las actitudes y percepciones de los bogotanos frente a la creación de nuevas empresas. En esta edición se trataron tres temas específicos con mayor profundidad, teniendo en cuenta que son temas que impactan actualmente el ecosistema de emprendimiento de la ciudad: el emprendimiento en la mujer, la financiación y las redes empresariales.

Message from the President of the United States, to both Houses of Congresses, at the commencement of the second session of the thirteenth congress, December 7, 1813.

Printed by Roger C. Weightman

Burgoyne Centre for Entrepreneurship fonds

An Entrepreneurship Centre was established at Brock University in 1988 as a joint venture between the University and the City of St. Catharines. In Januaray 1989, a generous donation was made to the Centre by the Burgoyne family, proprietors of the St. Catharines Standard. The Centre subsequently became known as the Burgoyne Centre for Entrepreneurship (BCE). The Centre’s mission was to “promote excellence in research, education and training for entrepreneur development and new venture creation”. To achieve this objective, it was necessary for the BCE to become a community focal point and serve as a link between academic, private and government sectors in the Niagara Region that were involved in entrepreneurial activities. This was primarily done with the provision of educational programs offered through cooperating organizations. Funding for the Centre came from multiple sources, including fees for services and contract research, endowments and grants, as well as Brock University. An Advisory Council, composed of local prominent businesspeople and chaired by Henry Burgoyne, assisted the Centre with promotion and fundraising. The partnerships established by the BCE with other community bodies such as the Lincoln County Board of Education and the Niagara Region Development Corporation resulted in important collaborative community initiatives such as the Niagara Enterprise Agency and the New Enterprise Store. Such collaborations increased the Centre’s profile without duplicating or competing with services offered by existing agencies. The BCE was also instrumental in establishing an entrepreneurship curriculum for secondary school students, and collaborated with the Faculty of Education at Brock University to offer an Ontario Secondary School Entrepreneurship Specialist Teaching Certificate Program to teachers. As the BCE became more prolific in the community, and the iniatives it fostered in the community began to thrive, the Centre’s leadership required the authority to make instantaneous decisions. This was at odds with the hierarchical structure of the University, to which the BCE was accountable. Ultimately, this situation led to the demise of the Centre. The university focused its efforts on academic research and undergraduate courses, while the community partners took responsibility for any joint programs.

Entrepreneurship and Motivation in Small Business Sector of Kerala

This thesis Entitled entrepreneurship and motivation in small business sector of kerala -A study of rubber products manufacturing industry.Rubber-based industry in Kerala was established only in the first half of the 20th century.the number of licensed manufacturers in the State has increased substantially over the years, particularly in the post- independence period. 54 rubber manufacturing units in 1965-66, the number of licensed rubber-based industrial units has increased to 1300 units in 2001-02. In 2001-02 Kerala occupied the primary position in the number of rubber goods manufacturers in the country.As per the latest report of the Third All India Census of Small Scale Industries 2001-02, Kerala has the third largest number of registered small scale units in the country next after Tamil Nadu and Utter Pradesh.This study of entrepreneurship in the small-scale rubber goods manufacturing industry in Kerala compares a cross section of successful and unsuccessful entrepreneurs with respect to socio-economic characteristics and motivational dynamics. Based on a sample survey of 120 entrepreneurs of Kottayam and Ernakulam districts successful and unsuccessful entrepreneurs were selected using multiple criteria. The study provides guidelines for the development of entrepreneurship in Kerala.The results on the socio-economic survey support the hypothesis that the successful entrepreneurs will differ from unsuccessful entrepreneurs with respect to education, social contacts, initial investment, sales turnover, profits, capital employed, personal income, and number of employees.Successful entrepreneurs were found to be self~starters. Successful entrepreneurs adopted a lot more technological changes than unsuccessful entrepreneurs. Successful entrepreneurs were more innovative — the percent of successful entrepreneurs and unsuccessful entrepreneurs reporting innovations in business were 31.50 and 8.50 percent respectively.

Women Entrepreneurship In the Industrial Manufacturing Sector of Kerala

This study was on women's industries programme in Kerala, to assess the involvement of manpower in this field and to analyse the difficulties and problems faced by the women entrepreneurs which impede the growth and smooth functioning of units. It was supported by the views of 275 women entrepreneurs of Kerala. Census method was adopted and only 58 per cent of units responded by supplying necessary details. Details were collected from these: units through mailed questionnaires designed for the purpose. The study highlights the profile of workers in the women's industrial units, but the profile of the entrepreneurs is neglected. Problems faced by women entrepreneurs are analysed under the following major heads viz., capital, raw materials, marketing, competition from other units and availability of power. But the conclusions drawn from the survey are not on proper empirical support. It also includes suggestions of entrepreneurs. The major findings of the study are as follows : Nearly 82 per cent of the women's industrial units are functioning throughout the year. Proprietory concerns and co—operative societies are the popular ones. Majority of the units are running on profit. Women's units are still in their infancy and so the problems faced by them are many. The characteristics of having other business or sister concerns is lacking among women entrepreneurs. Nearly 94 per cent of the employees are permanent. About four-fifth (81%) of the workers are full time employees. Only a very small proportion of the employees (1%) get a reasonable income that is above Rs.50O per month. The workers are very young and 63 per cent workers have no experience at all.

A Literature Review on the Benefits of Ethnic and Minority Entrepreneurship

Ethnic/Minority entrepreneur is a business owner who does not represent the majority population of a country. Ethnic/Minority entrepreneurship can bring benefits to individual, society, region, economy, and globe too. So, understanding the importance of ethnic/minority entrepreneurship will really be useful to all the stakeholders. The unique culture and value system of ethnic minorities are the most wanted characteristics for any successful entrepreneur in general. Many industrial nations like U.S, U.K., Germany, etc. have utilised the ethnic minorities to build their economy. The future of the minority businesses looks bright as the world economy is booming, availability of experienced and already successful minority entrepreneurs as role models, and institutional support services. In this paper, literature relating to the benefits of ethnic and minority entrepreneurship is reviewed to understand its magnitude of benefits.

Entrepreneurship education : Relationship between education and entrepreneurial activity

Resumen tomado de la publicaci??n

Entrepreneurship research in Spain : Developments and distinctiveness

Resumen tomado de la publicaci??n

Éxito, fracaso y entrepreneurship

¿Por qué razón unas empresas mueren mientras otras tienen éxito?, ¿qué debe hacerse para que las empresas que comienzan no desaparezcan tan rápidamente?, ¿cuáles son las condiciones que determinan el éxito empresarial? Estas son algunas de las preguntas que se hacen los académicos, gerentes y estudiantes de Administración de manera permanente. Para dar un aporte a la academia de la administración y poder construir respuestas coherentes, se elabora este documento, en el cual se hace una revisión de literatura del concepto de éxito y fracaso de las empresas, haciendo énfasis en el estudio de la responsabilidad del entrepreneur en el éxito o fracaso de las empresas. El texto se encuentra organizado de la siguiente manera: La primera sección contiene una descripción de la estrategia de búsqueda de la literatura utilizada; el lector podrá encontrar los pasos realizados para la elaboración del documento; la segunda sección muestra antecedentes sobre la manera como la literatura gerencial ha abordado el tema de éxito y fracaso empresarial; dividiendo en tres tipos de publicaciones, unas enfocadas sólo a mirar el éxito, son básicamente libros; una segunda categoría contiene artículos de journals y hace referencia a la muerte de las empresas; una tercera categoría incluye estudios comparativos entre empresas exitosas y empresas que han fracasado. Finaliza esta sección con la presentación de algunas defi niciones de éxito y fracaso ubicadas en la literatura. En la segunda sección, se identifi can los factores que inciden en que una empresa sea exitosa o fracase, entre ellos se encuentran la disciplina, el enfoque, la agilidad, la educación, la necesidad de logro. El texto cierra con las conclusiones, aquí se señalan los vacíos encontrados en la literatura que pueden ser tenidos en cuenta para futuras investigaciones sobre éxito, fracaso y entrepreneurship.