Brazil and India: two BRICs as a building bloc for South-South cooperation""

Includes Bibliography

Foreign capital inflows and macroeconomic policies

Includes bibliography

Possible effects of European Union widening on Latin America

Includes bibliography

O Ato legislativo praticado com desvio de poder e a responsabilidade do Estado e do Legislador

Pós-graduação em Direito - FCHS

Trade and investment flows between the Caribbean and the rest of the hemisphere in the context of the FTAA

Includes bibliography

Minas do Cuiabá, ilha dos sertões: considerações sobre o papel da metrópole na expansão dos domínios portugueses na América (1721-1728)

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Issuing of certificates of origin in some economic integration agreements signed by Latin American countries

In the context of an economic integration agreement (EIA), the issuing and verification of certificates of origin are carried out in accordance with procedures which ensure compliance with the rules of origin. Each EIA has its own system of rules of origin with their corresponding procedures. The purpose of the rules is to define clearly the geographical provenance of a good which may benefit from preferential tariffs in the importing country. The main purpose of the rules of origin is to avoid the diversion of trade, so that preferential tariff treatment is applied only to those products negotiated between the parties. The rules of origin of an EIA are more important than the actual process of tariff reduction, as that process is concluded at some point in time, whereas the rules of origin remain applicable indefinitely.

Integration in Latin America - Trends and Challenges

Regional trade agreements have had a significant presence in the design of international and productive policies in Latin American and Caribbean countries since the early 1950s. Fifty years later, the region has not reached the degree of economic inter-relation found, for instance, in Western Europe, but the concern with promoting regional integration has been a tradition in an impressive amount of speeches and declarations by policy makers in the last decades. The weakening of multilateral negotiations and the multiplicity of bilateral agreements with countries in other regions might affect regional trade both via trade diversion and through investment decisions, considering a larger time horizon. International capital movement might affect exchange rates and output growth, hence influencing trade. At the same time the need for new, broader negotiating agenda, from simply dealing with trade issues to taking into consideration topics not directly related to trade but rather to competition, labour standards, environmental issues and others increase the difficulties in designing integration strategies. Even more so if the group of countries that aim at integrating their economies present markedly different characteristics. This article – an extension of a presentation made at the German Development Institute Conference on Regional Economic Integration Beyond Europe held in Bonn in December, 2007 - discusses these and other aspects related to regional integration in Latin America and the Caribbean.

Avaliação da permeabilidade em geomembranas de polietileno de alta densidade (PEAD)

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

CEPAL Review no. 115

Stylized features of the investment-growth connection in Latin America, 1980-2012 / Sandra Manuelito and Luis Felipe Jiménez.--International technological dynamics in production sectors: An empirical analysis / Fernando Isabella Revetria.-- Does public financial support stimulate innovation and productivity? An impact evaluation / Diego Aboal and Paula Garda.-- Digital inclusion in education in Tarija, Plurinational State of Bolivia / Sulma Farfán Sossa, Antonio Medina Rivilla and María Luz Cacheiro González.-- Macroeconomic trade-offs and external vulnerabilities of human development in Nicaragua / Marco V. Sánchez Cantillo.-- Classroom discipline, classroom environment and student performance in Chile / Carolina Gazmuri, Jorge Manzi and Ricardo D. Paredes.-- Pricing and spread components at the Lima Stock Exchange / Luis Chávez-Bedoya, Carlos Loaiza Álamo and Giannio Téllez De Vettori.-- Exports from the Brazilian automotive sector to the Southern Common Market: Trade diversion or cost reduction? / André Filipe Zago de Azevedo and Angélica Massuquetti.--Determinants of unfair inequality in Brazil, 1995 and 2009 / Ana Claudia Annegues, Erik Alencar de Figueiredo and Wallace Patrick Santos de Farias Souza.-- A comparative analysis of productivity in Brazilian and Mexican manufacturing industries / Armênio de Souza Rangel and Fernando Garcia de Freitas.

As culturas infantis no espaço e tempo do recreio: constituindo singularidade sobre a criança

Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo investigar as culturas infantis no recreio e seguiu a linha sócio-histórica que entende a criança como sujeito histórico e social produtor de cultura. Objetivei como foco principal apreender as culturas infantis das crianças da escola pública do município de Belém por meio da emissão de enunciados discursivos no seu horário de recreio, as culturas produzidas no universo atual da infância. A abordagem discursiva foi a perspectiva adotada no processo de investigação, pois permitiu depreender o significado e sentido que as crianças atribuem ao tempo escolar destinado ao recreio; historiar como o tempo do recreio foi sendo estabelecido pela legislação brasileira, de um modo geral, e pelos documentos do Estado do Pará e da cidade de Belém, em particular. 93 crianças participaram do estudo na faixa etária de 09 a 11 anos das séries 3 e 4 do Ensino Fundamental. Utilizei como instrumentos de recolha de dados a observação exploratória e o questionário. As análises foram organizadas em 07 eixos temáticos que emergiram dos enunciados das crianças. O aporte teórico para as análises dos dados coletados fundamentou-se na perspectiva histórica e nas teorizações de Mikhail Bakhtin sobre discurso, as interações dialógicas e a constituição do sujeito. Os fundamentos teóricos sobre a infância e as culturas infantis vieram de Sarmento e Pinto, Steinberg e Kincheloe, Quinteiro, Kramer. Os enunciados das crianças revelam o sentido e significado do recreio como momento para o brincar, os jogos, as conversas, tempo de diversão, prazer e satisfação. As culturas infantis presentes e produzidas pelas crianças no recreio são as brincadeiras, os jogos, a televisão, a internet, a leitura, entre outros. Além disso, os dados apontam práticas de interações vinculadas ao trabalho infantil e atividades de aprendizagem no contexto escolar. Para algumas crianças é tempo de ficar sem fazer nada, é tudo igual, tempo de ficar triste. As crianças revelam as interações com os adultos como conversar com o guarda e com a professora Belinha. Portanto, o recreio é um espaço mágico e deve ter seu tempo independente do horário da merenda escolar.

A importância da atenção na relação professor-aluno no contexto tecnocientífico

Pós-graduação em Educação - FFC

Ureterostomias cutânea e colônica em suínos: avaliação da exequibilidade das técnicas e complicações pós-operatórias

Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária - FCAV

Comparative Anylysis of Recyling Programs: A Case Study of Three Universities

Abstract The goal of this study was to conduct a comparative analysis of three university recycling programs. This study looked at several aspects of the programs that included the diversion rates, per capita ratios of materials recycled and disposed, and the average net costs of waste disposal and waste diversion. The universities included in this study were the University of Nebraska-Lincoln, the University of Colorado at Boulder, and the University of Oregon. To gather the information necessary for this analysis, I contacted each of the university’s recycling coordinators. To determine the average net costs of waste disposal and waste diversion I requested both the recycling budget and solid waste budget from each university for the fiscal years of interest which included: 2006-2007, 2007-2008, and 2008-2009. To calculate the diversion rates and per capita ratios, I requested performance records from each university listing the tonnage of materials recycled and disposed for the same years. This study’s findings reported that the average net costs for waste diversion in all three universities were $22-$122 less per ton than costs for waste collection and disposal. This study also indicated that the universities with the highest diversion and recycling rates were the University of Colorado at Boulder and the University of Oregon. The university with the lowest waste generated per capita was the University of Oregon followed by the University of Nebraska-Lincoln.

Daily vitamin supplementation and hypovitaminosis after obesity surgery

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine whether constant daily vitamin supplementation would be sufficient to prevent possible vitamin deficiencies in obese patients undergoing bariatric surgery. Methods: The study was conducted on 58 men and women (mean age 41 +/- 10 y) who underwent Roux-en-Y gastric bypass RYGB and were assessed preoperatively and at 3, 6, and 12 mo after surgery. During the postoperative period, the patients received a multivitamin-mineral supplement on a daily basis. Results: Serum beta-carotene and vitamin C were lower starting from the third postoperative month and continued to be low after 12 mo, and vitamin A was decreased by the sixth month and increased by 12 mo. Vitamin B12 levels were stable up to 6 mo but were decreased by 12 mo. Folic acid levels increased from the third month and remained higher throughout follow-up. One year after surgery there were 19% and 21% increases in the number of patients with vitamin A and vitamin C deficiency, respectively, and a 4% decreased of patients with folic acid deficiency. Conclusion: Weight loss and improvement in patients' general condition followed surgery, but serum levels of some vitamins were decreased despite the use of a vitamin-mineral supplement. These patients need continuous follow-up and individualized prescription of supplementation after the surgical procedure to prevent and treat vitamin deficiencies. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.