Crescimento facial espontâneo Padrão II: estudo cefalométrico longitudinal

Pós-graduação em Odontologia - FOA

Efeitos da aplicação do ultra-som de baixa intensidade na retração de caninos

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Influência de gerações de Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) e de radiação no desempenho de isolados de Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Efeito do uso de diferentes inoculantes microbianos à fresco e liofilizados sobre a silagem de sorgo

Na conservação de alimentos para animais, os inoculantes microbianos são empregados na busca da melhoria do padrão de fermentação de silagens, por meio do estímulo ao desenvolvimento populacional dos microrganismos benéficos deste processo conservativo, como acontece para as bactérias produtoras de ácido lático, em detrimento a inibição dos microrganismos indesejáveis, tais como leveduras e clostrídios. O estudo proposto avaliou o efeito do uso de diferentes inoculantes microbianos à fresco e liofilizados utilizando a cultura do sorgo [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench], como matéria-prima para ensilagem, a fim de indicar a possibilidade do emprego de inoculantes microbianos desenvolvidos no nosso país. Foram realizados dois experimentos, em um mesmo silo, Experimento 1 (tratamentos com inoculantes liofilizados, na região superior do silo) e Experimento 2 (tratamentos com inoculantes à fresco, na região inferior do silo), com cinco tratamentos e três repetições por silo, sendo os tratamentos caracterizados como controle (sem inoculante), inoculante microbiano comercial (IC) e distintos inoculantes confeccionados à partir de bactérias láticas isoladas da planta de sorgo: Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus paracasei e Lactobacillus rhamnosus. Quando da ensilagem, foram utilizados três silos experimentais de madeira, que foram abertos em distintos períodos, ou seja, 1, 3 e 28 dias após a ensilagem. Foi utilizado o delineamento experimental em parcelas subdivididas no tempo, no qual os três períodos de abertura foram às parcelas e os cinco tratamentos as subparcelas, em delineamento inteiramente casualizado. No experimento 1, os teores de fibra em detergente neutro (FDN) e fibra em detergente ácido (FDA) sofreram efeito dos inoculantes microbianos no 3º e 28º dia de abertura dos silos, obtendo menores valores nos tratamentos IC e LPP (L. plantarum + L. paracasei. No experimento 2, os teores de FDN, apresentaram efeito no 28º dia de abertura do silo, demonstrando que os tratamentos IC e LPP diferiram entre si, sendo estatisticamente iguais aos demais. A combinação dos isolados microbianos liofilizados de L. plantarum e L. paracasei mostrou potencial para uso prático, pois foi tão efetivo quanto o tratamento IC.

Produção e composição química da Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu adubada com água residuária de suinocultura

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Effect of progesterone concentrations, follicle diameter, timing of artificial insemination, and ovulatory stimulus on pregnancy rate to synchronized artificial insemination in postpubertal Nellore heifers

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Dinâmica da produção de serapilheira em diferentes sistemas de restauração florestal

The ecological restoration is an alternative to increasingly important for biodiversity conservation. However, actions need indicators to evaluate its effectiveness in restablishment ecological processes, including nutrient cycling. The objective of this study was to compare the annual litterfall from five different treatments for forest restoration, compared with a neighboring fragment of Seasonal Semideciduous Forest, in order to subsidize their management plans for ecological restoration. Litter traps of 0.25m² were used, and a total production was: 1700.6 Kg. ha-1.year-1(treatment 1), 7748.1 Kg. ha-1.year-1(treatment 2), 7120.8 Kg. ha-1.year-1 (treatment 3), 9254.5 Kg. ha- 1.year-1 (treatment 4), 7130.2 Kg. ha-1.year-1 (treatment 5) and 8876 Kg. ha-1.year-1 (fragment of Seasonal Semideciduous Forest - treatment 6). The leaf fraction was the largest contributor to the deposition of litter in all treatments. Litter served as a good environmental indicator that can be used as a tool to support management plans. Key words: Litterfall, forest restoration and Seasonal Semideciduous Forest

Efeito da aplicação de água residuária de graxaria em elementos químicos do solo e na produção e composição mineral de duas espécies forrageiras

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Ciência do Solo) - FCAV

Avaliação das dimensões e relacionamento dos arcos dentários após tratamento com Bionator de Balters

The deficiency of data in the literature took us to evaluate the Bionator of Balters appliance in the alterations of the dimensions and the relationship of the dental archs in children with malocclusion Class II, division 1 of Angle. The experimental group was constituted by 36 pairs cast Caucasians patients, aged between 7 years and 10 months - 11 years and 8 months, being 10 females and 8 males. The Levene´s test showed statistical evidences of likeness among the groups. Statistical analysis was preceded and showed significant alterations (p < 0,005) in the variable indicatives of maxillary first molars' distance, overjet, upper arch total length, upper arch anterior length, right molar relationship, left molar relationship, right canine relationship and left canine relationship. On the other hand, there wasn't significant alteration related to the lower arch and maxillary intercanines distance. The Balters' Bionator appliance had a favorable effect in the improvement of the correction of the malocclusion in Class II (foremost in molars and canines relationship) and transversal increase of the upper arch, mainly in the posterior area of arch.

Characterization of the phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C-released form of rat osseous plate alkaline phosphatase and its possible significance on endochondral ossification

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Biochemical responses in mussels Perna perna exposed to diesel B5

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Continuous infusion of propofol in calves: bispectral index and hemodynamic effects

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Efeito de diferentes herbicidas, doses e volume de calda na dessecação de milheto [Pennisetum glaucum (L. Leek)]

The objective of this work was to evaluate the efficacy of different herbicides applied in post-emergence in the desiccation of pearl millet with different doses and spray volumes. For the desiccation, doses at 0, 25, 50 and 100% of the herbicide glyphosate (1,440 g ha-1) were used in 3 formulations (Original Round up, Round up Transorb and Round up WG), paraquat + diuron (500 + 250 g ha-1) and glufosinateammonium (800 g ha-1). In all treatments, 2 spray volumes (200 and 400 l ha-1) were used, and there was 1 treatment (control) without the application of herbicides. The treatment effects were evaluated visually at 3, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days after application (DAA). At the end of the evaluations, the dry mass of the plants was determined. The field trial was carried out in randomized block design. At the end of the study, at 28 DAA, all treatments presented total control of plant pearl millet, regardless of the dose and spray volume, except the treatments with paraquat + diuron and glufosinate-ammonium at the lower dose (25%), in 2 spray volumes, which nevertheless showed good and very good control, these two herbicides presenting an effect of volume, in which the control was higher with the use of smaller volume.

Pathogenic Mycobacterium bovis strains differ in their ability to modulate the proinflammatory activation phenotype of macrophages

Background: Tuberculosis, caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis or Mycobacterium bovis, remains one of the leading infectious diseases worldwide. The ability of mycobacteria to rapidly grow in host macrophages is a factor contributing to enhanced virulence of the bacteria and disease progression. Bactericidal functions of phagocytes are strictly dependent on activation status of these cells, regulated by the infecting agent and cytokines. Pathogenic mycobacteria can survive the hostile environment of the phagosome through interference with activation of bactericidal responses. To study the mechanisms employed by highly virulent mycobacteria to promote their intracellular survival, we investigated modulating effects of two pathogenic M. bovis isolates and a reference M. tuberculosis H37Rv strain, differing in their ability to multiply in macrophages, on activation phenotypes of the cells primed with major cytokines regulating proinflammatory macrophage activity. Results: Bone marrow- derived macrophages obtained from C57BL/6 mice were infected by mycobacteria after a period of cell incubation with or without treatment with IFN-gamma, inducing proinflammatory type-1 macrophages (M1), or IL-10, inducing anti-inflammatory type-2 cells (M2). Phenotypic profiling of M1 and M2 was then evaluated. The M. bovis strain MP287/03 was able to grow more efficiently in the untreated macrophages, compared with the strains B2 or H37Rv. This strain induced weaker secretion of proinflammatory cytokines, coinciding with higher expression of M2 cell markers, mannose receptor (MR) and arginase-1 (Arg-1). Treatment of macrophages with IFN-gamma and infection by the strains B2 and H37Rv synergistically induced M1 polarization, leading to high levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression, and reduced expression of the Arg-1. In contrast, the cells infected with the strain MP287/03 expressed high levels of Arg-1 which competed with iNOS for the common substrate arginine, leading to lower levels of NO production. Conclusions: The data obtained demonstrated that the strain, characterized by increased growth in macrophages, down- modulated classical macrophage activation, through induction of an atypical mixed M1/M2 phenotype.

Production and carbon allocation in monocultures and mixed-species plantations of Eucalyptus grandis and Acacia mangium in Brazil

Introducing nitrogen-fixing tree species in fast-growing eucalypt plantations has the potential to improve soil nitrogen availability compared with eucalypt monocultures. Whether or not the changes in soil nutrient status and stand structure will lead to mixtures that out-yield monocultures depends on the balance between positive interactions and the negative effects of interspecific competition, and on their effect on carbon (C) uptake and partitioning. We used a C budget approach to quantify growth, C uptake and C partitioning in monocultures of Eucalyptus grandis (W. Hill ex Maiden) and Acacia mangium (Willd.) (treatments E100 and A100, respectively), and in a mixture at the same stocking density with the two species at a proportion of 1 : 1 (treatment MS). Allometric relationships established over the whole rotation, and measurements of soil CO2 efflux and aboveground litterfall for ages 4-6 years after planting were used to estimate aboveground net primary production (ANPP), total belowground carbon flux (TBCF) and gross primary production (GPP). We tested the hypotheses that (i) species differences for wood production between E. grandis and A. mangium monocultures were partly explained by different C partitioning strategies, and (ii) the observed lower wood production in the mixture compared with eucalypt monoculture was mostly explained by a lower partitioning aboveground. At the end of the rotation, total aboveground biomass was lowest in A100 (10.5 kg DM m(-2)), intermediate in MS (12.2 kg DM m(-2)) and highest in E100 (13.9 kg DM m(-2)). The results did not support our first hypothesis of contrasting C partitioning strategies between E. grandis and A. mangium monocultures: the 21% lower growth (delta B-w) in A100 compared with E100 was almost entirely explained by a 23% lower GPP, with little or no species difference in ratios such as TBCF/GPP, ANPP/TBCF, delta B-w/ANPP and delta B-w/GPP. In contrast, the 28% lower delta B-w in MS than in E100 was explained both by a 15% lower GPP and by a 15% lower fraction of GPP allocated to wood growth, thus partially supporting our second hypothesis: mixing the two species led to shifts in C allocations from above- to belowground, and from growth to litter production, for both species.