Gioconda Belli, un universo de mujeres

[ES] En este artículo analizaremos el devenir del universo de mujeres de Gioconda Belli, a través de la mirada de tres personajes protagonistas femeninos que se pronuncian de forma contundente sobre la vida y la estética literaria de la autora. Partiremos del análisis de Lavinia, protagonista femenina de La mujer habitada (1988) la primera novela de la autora, a continuación analizaremos el perfil de Sofia protagonista de Sofía de los presagios (1990), su segunda novela. Y por último, escudriñaremos las características de un personaje femenino que propone una nueva lectura de la mítica Juana de Castilla, protagonista de El Pergamino de la seducción (2005). Las tres figuras femeninas literarias nacen de sus propias experiencias simultaneadas por la memoria, compañera inseparable en el afianzamiento del yo y son heroínas de su propia historia

Notas sobre fascismo y mundo antiguo en España

Comunicación presentada en el II Congresso Peninsular de Historia Antigua (Coimbra, 1990)

Discovery of non-zero neutrino mixing angle θ_13 using Daya Bay antineutrino detectors

The Daya Bay Reactor Antineutrino Experiment observed the disappearance of reactor $\bar{\nu}_e$ from six $2.9~GW_{th}$ reactor cores in Daya Bay, China. The Experiment consists of six functionally identical $\bar{\nu}_e$ detectors, which detect $\bar{\nu}_e$ by inverse beta decay using a total of about 120 metric tons of Gd-loaded liquid scintillator as the target volume. These $\bar{\nu}_e$ detectors were installed in three underground experimental halls, two near halls and one far hall, under the mountains near Daya Bay, with overburdens of 250 m.w.e, 265 m.w.e and 860 m.w.e. and flux-weighted baselines of 470 m, 576 m and 1648 m. A total of 90179 $\bar{\nu}_e$ candidates were observed in the six detectors over a period of 55 days, 57549 at the Daya Bay near site, 22169 at the Ling Ao near site and 10461 at the far site. By performing a rate-only analysis, the value of $sin^2 2\theta_{13}$ was determined to be $0.092 \pm 0.017$.

激光光束实时监测与自动准直系统设计

设计了一个激光光斑实时监测与光路自动准直装置,能够实时监测激光光斑并自动准直激光输出方向。基于透镜成像原理,使用CCD探测器获得光斑的二维成像,并根据两点确定一条直线原理和使用压电陶瓷电动调整架实现光路自动准直;监测控制程序采用虚拟仪器开发软件Lab View编写,可以实时监测激光光斑模式与光斑位置抖动情况,并进行反馈控制。经测试,设计装置的调整精度达0.5μrad,反馈控制频率约1 Hz,完全可降低或消除抖动周期在1 s以上的光斑飘移。

A movable-cavity cold atom space clock

We present an experimental scheme of a cold atom space clock with a movable cavity. By using a single microwave cavity, we find that the clock has a significant advantage, i.e. the longitudinal cavity phase shift is eliminated. A theoretical analysis has been carried out in terms of the relation between the atomic transition probability and the velocity of the moving cavity by taking into account the velocity distribution of cold atoms. The requirements for the microwave power and its stability for atomic pi/2 excitation at different moving velocities of the cavity lead to the determination of the proper working parameters of the rubidium clock in frequency accuracy 10(-17). Finally, the mechanical stability for the scheme is analysed and the ways of solving the possible mechanical instability of the device are proposed.

Ultra-slow atomic beam generation by velocity selective resonance

We describe a method to generate an ultra-slow atomic beam by velocity selective resonance (VSR). A VSR experiment on a metastable helium beam in a magnetic field is presented and the results show that the transverse velocity of the defected beam can be cooled and precisely controlled to less than the recoil velocity, depending on the magnitude of the magnetic field. We extend this idea to a cold atomic cloud to produce an ultra-slow Rb-87 beam that can be used as a source of an atomic fountain clock or a space clock.

高密度冷原子云辐射陷获效应造成的荧光减弱现象

实验测量了磁光阱的磁场关断之后的荧光变化，观察到几十’( 量级的荧光上升过程) 根据实验条件进行分 析，在高密度冷原子云中辐射陷获效应造成额外的非相干抽运光场是造成磁光陷阱紧束缚状态下荧光减弱的原 因) 同时还进行了简单的数值模拟，结果表明只有考虑到散射光场的频率重分布效应，计算结果方能与实验符合)

FUZZY SOLID SETS FOR MATHEMATICAL MORPHOLOGY AND OPTICAL IMPLEMENTATION

Fuzzy sets in the subject space are transformed to fuzzy solid sets in an increased object space on the basis of the development of the local umbra concept. Further, a counting transform is defined for reconstructing the fuzzy sets from the fuzzy solid sets, and the dilation and erosion operators in mathematical morphology are redefined in the fuzzy solid-set space. The algebraic structures of fuzzy solid sets can lead not only to fuzzy logic but also to arithmetic operations. Thus a fuzzy solid-set image algebra of two image transforms and five set operators is defined that can formulate binary and gray-scale morphological image-processing functions consisting of dilation, erosion, intersection, union, complement, addition, subtraction, and reflection in a unified form. A cellular set-logic array architecture is suggested for executing this image algebra. The optical implementation of the architecture, based on area coding of gray-scale values, is demonstrated. (C) 1995 Optical Society of America

Grating-encoded multichannel photorefractive incoherent-to-coherent optical conversion

A dynamic multichannel incoherent-to-coherent optical converter based on the photorefractive effect of SBN:Ce is described. A number of grating-encoded input images, illuminated by incoherent light, are projected onto the crystal to yield photoinduced phase gratings. Coherent positive replicas of these images are simultaneously reconstructed by a coherent read beam. A simple theoretical description of this converter and corresponding experimental results are presented.

光折变局域体全息柱透镜变波长读出下的波前转换

研究了用波长为632．8nm的柱面波与平面波记录形成的体全息柱透镜用波长为800nm的平面波重现下的波前转换情况。结合二维耦合波理论，推导了形成于LiNbO3双掺杂晶体中该全息柱透镜的耦合波方程，并求出了其积分形式的解析解，分析了改变读出波长下该透镜的布拉格失配因子的分布情况，讨论了它的几何尺寸和记录柱面光波对其衍射效率的影响，以及柱面衍射光振幅在出射口径上的分布情况。结果表明，记录所形成的全息柱透镜的焦距越长它的衍射效率越高；该透镜厚度的增加会使它的衍射效率增加，但是透镜的衍射口径增加它的衍射效率会降低

Implementation of the nursing process in a health area: models and assessment structures used

Objective: to analyze what nursing models and nursing assessment structures have been used in the implementation of the nursing process at the public and private centers in the health area Gipuzkoa (Basque Country). Method: a retrospective study was undertaken, based on the analysis of the nursing records used at the 158 centers studied. Results: the Henderson model, Carpenito's bifocal structure, Gordon's assessment structure and the Resident Assessment Instrument Nursing Home 2.0 have been used as nursing models and assessment structures to implement the nursing process. At some centers, the selected model or assessment structure has varied over time. Conclusion: Henderson's model has been the most used to implement the nursing process. Furthermore, the trend is observed to complement or replace Henderson's model by nursing assessment structures.

纳米ZnO粉末中受激辐射现象的研究

1999年，Cao等用皮秒级激光脉冲抽运ZnO颗粒（直径约为100nm）制成的粉末薄层，观察到了谱线宽度非常窄的激光辐射。本文初步研究了在纳秒级（脉宽8ns，频率30Hz）Nd：YAG脉冲激光器的抽运下，纳米ZnO粉末的发散光。

A behavior model for blood donors and marketing strategies to retain and attract them

Objective: analyze and propose a theoretical model that describes blood donor decisions to help staff working in blood banks (nurses and others) in their efforts to capture and retain donors. Methods: analysis of several studies on the motivations to give blood in Spain over the last six years, as well as past literature on the topic, the authors' experiences in the last 25 years in over 15 Non Governmental Organizations with different levels of responsibilities, their experiences as blood donors and the informal interviews developed during those 25 years. Results: a model is proposed with different internal and external factors that influence blood donation, as well as the different stages of the decision-making process. Conclusion: the knowledge of the donation process permits the development of marketing strategies that help to increase donors and donations.