953 resultados para Conformação de metais
Resumo:
A contaminação do solo por metais potencialmente tóxicos constitui um dos principais problemas ambientais. Por meio da lixiviação e percolação das águas, esses metais podem ser mobilizados e vir a contaminar mananciais superficiais e subterrâneos, comprometendo sua qualidade. A biodisponibilização desses metais para as plantas e, a partir dessas, para o homem é outro desfecho negativo dessa situação. O cádmio é um elemento tóxico. Os teores encontrados nos solos costumam não oferecer riscos. Porém, esses teores são potencializados pela utilização de fertilizantes. O níquel pode ser carcinogênico em doses elevadas. Sua presença em fertilizantes fosfatados proporciona maiores concentrações do metal no solo. É amplo o registro sobre efeitos do excesso desses metais, tanto em plantas, quanto em animais e no ser humano. O manganês é um dos elementos mais abundantes na crosta terrestre e se encontra largamente distribuído em solos, sedimentos, rochas, água e materiais biológicos. Contrariamente aos dois metais anteriores, esse micronutriente é um elemento essencial ao ser humano. Sua carência causa inúmeras enfermidades, por outro lado, seu excesso também. Nesse caso, poucos são os relatos sobre o assunto. Nesse estudo foram utilizados métodos de extração de metais de fertilizantes e se constatou que, quando presentes, os metais cádmio e níquel apresentaram concentrações proibitivas o que é motivo de preocupação e demonstra a falta de controle sobre a indústria de insumos agrícolas. Para o manganês não há parâmetros orientadores com limites de teores, mas com certeza, são necessários trabalhos nesse sentido para se evitar seu consumo indiscriminado.
Resumo:
Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
Resumo:
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Resumo:
Pressure vessels are equipments that require a great care because of their high cost and human life risk in case of fail, and its fabrication methods are different for each manufacturer. Normally, pressure vessels and its parts are fabricated by welding, which may change local properties of metals. The head of a pressure vessel is a very important structural component and it is fabricated by welding and mechanical conformation. Because its excellent mechanical properties, de steel A-516 Grade 70 is often used in manufacturing of large pressure vessels that are subjected to high pressure and temperature, but was verified that its mechanical resistance is decreased when submitted to a tension relief heat treatment. By experience it was defined that before mechanical conformation of the head of a large pressure vessel, the steel should be submitted to a stress relief heat treatment in order to facilitate the mechanical conformation, but there is no quantitative analysis to prove this method and study its possible risks. In the present work the steel A-516 Grade 70 demonstrated a decrease of its mechanical resistance when submitted to a stress relief heat treatment, but keeping above the minimum limit defined in the literature. By other side its ductility was substantially increased, being possible to deduce that the stress relief heat treatment before mechanical conformation is a viable e recommended technique, but with reservations. With the data acquired during the fabrication e preparation of the specimen and the result of the tests, it was possible to elaborate a welding procedure that provides the same results obtained in this present work
Resumo:
Pós-graduação em Química - IQ
Resumo:
Pós-graduação em Química - IQ
Resumo:
Pós-graduação em Genética e Melhoramento Animal - FCAV
Resumo:
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Resumo:
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Resumo:
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Resumo:
The study investigates the constitution of the informational message in production processes in interactive media and television, from situations in which contents are conveyed performed by the audience. The work shows that the declared strategies employed by listeners and viewers actualize itself in a series of controls and discursive constraints resulting from the dynamics in the means of production and the relationship established between broadcaster/program and its audience. Moreover, it is clear that, despite attempts to produce an effect independent of viewer and listener regarding your participation and opinion, there is a direction and a restriction on the possibilities of expression rather than technical, operational, are of discursive order.
Resumo:
Pós-graduação em Ciência dos Materiais - FEIS
Resumo:
Cintra stream is the major receiver of treated effluent from sanitary, hospital and research laboratory sewage from the UNESP campus in Botucatu, Rubião Júnior District, São Paulo state; and it has shown evidence of diffuse contamination by metals along it. Analyses of the most toxic metals (Pb, Cu, Fe, Ni and Zn) were carried out by using an atomic absorption spectrometer AA-6.800 - Perkin Elmer, analyst 700. ANOVA followed by the Tukey test were used for data analyses at 5% significance level. The main objective of this study was to compare current data on metal levels with data from other studies, in the same area, and of the same nature, conducted before and after implementation of chemical residue management by the university in 2008. Also, it aimed at identifying and quantifying possible diffuse and punctual contamination. Sites S1 and S2 showed punctual contamination, while diffuse sources were observed between S4 and S5. The quality of water in the Cintra Stream improved after establishment of the program of laboratory chemical residue management in the Campus of UNESP.