Estratégia e prática de responsabilidade social corporativa : um estudo de caso no setor químico

Até a década de 1980 os temas sociais das grandes empresas não eram foco de interesse dos debates da área de estratégia. A globalização acirrou a concorrência e a competitividade entre as empresas. Todavia, existem aquelas que mesmo diante de um mercado mais competitivo não abrem mão do investimento na área social, seja por filosofia ou marketing. Essas empresas buscam contribuir positivamente para a melhoria do meio ambiente e com aqueles que estão envolvidos com seu negócio, como, por exemplo, funcionários, acionistas, concorrentes, entidades não governamentais e a sociedade de um modo geral. O discurso dessas empresas é a preservação do meio ambiente ao lado da emancipação social. Esta pesquisa se utilizou de uma abordagem crítica (foco social) em contraste com uma abordagem econômica (mainstream), para compreender como são elaboradas as estratégias de RSC através da voz dos atores envolvidos – “os praticantes de RSC” – observando se há predominância dos conteúdos críticos e/ou mainstream na prática da estratégia de responsabilidade social da empresa. Para que fosse possível atingir os objetivos inicialmente delimitados foi elaborado um estudo de caso único em uma empresa que declara ter em seu core business a prática de estratégia de responsabilidade social corporativa. A partir da revisão de literatura e através de dados coletados com gerentes internos, ex-funcionários, ONGs, entre outros, buscou-se compreender de que forma esta empresa lida com a dicotomia social e econômica na estratégia de responsabilidade social. Verificou-se que pode haver oportunidades para gerar valor tanto de ordem econômica como social, para os acionistas e stakeholders, nas quais a abordagem econômica e a abordagem social (utilizando os princípios do Critical Management Studies) podem conviver de forma interdependente sem se contrapor. Por outro lado, há que se ter cuidado para que a empresa não faça auto-regulação da estratégia social, legislando em causa própria. A RSC está presente no planejamento estratégico da empresa. O principal valor que estas estratégias têm dentro e fora da empresa é o reconhecimento da marca ligada a um forte envolvimento com a estratégia social e com o meio ambiente.

O balanço social como estratégia de fortalecimento das práticas de responsabilidade socioambiental

A sociedade de hoje, não se contenta mais em cobrar das Organizações apenas o triângulo consagrado que trata especificamente da qualidade, custo e prazo. Consciente de seu papel no mundo globalizado, ela exige o envolvimento e o comprometimento dessas Organizações com as questões sociais e ambientais. Neste contexto, faz-se necessário investir na preservação da natureza, na sua relação com a sociedade e no estreito relacionamento com os envolvidos direta e indiretamente nesta difícil empreitada. Em respostas a essas demandas, a ciência contábil, frente às exigências deste mercado globalizado e em lugar do modelo gestão corporativa utilizado até recentemente, que tratava apenas dos resultados econômicos, criou o Balanço Social. Como instrumento estratégico de desenvolvimento corporativo, o Balanço Social permite que a sociedade visualize os resultados de seu comprometimento com o futuro da humanidade. Quem não procura se adaptar às novas exigências da sociedade global, tende ao fracasso. Esta pesquisa tem como agente principal apresentar se as empresas no Brasil aplicam o conceito de Responsabilidade Social em suas atividades, propondo a cidadania de forma séria e responsável. Foram observados os dados divulgados pela Petrobras, - Petróleo Brasileiro SA, Vale e Gerdau S.A,, descrevendo informações entre seus demonstrativos e relatórios com a aplicação a partir dos propostos pelo Instituto ETHOS. Foi investigado o quanto estas empresas atendem aos quesitos propostos e, com base nos resultados obtidos, indicar, o nível de seriedade que estas companhias praticam a questão. A preferência pelas empresas supracitadas como objeto de pesquisa se dá pela posição de destaque no cenário econômico nacional e mundial; por sua atuação em setores considerados de alto nível de degradação e consumo de recursos naturais; e pelo alto impacto social gerado pela organização no local onde está introduzida. Os resultados mostram que as empresas começam a visualizar as questões socioambientais, verifica-se esta informação devido aos montantes absolutos investidos, todavia esta preocupação não atingiu a idéia principal deste conceito de responsabilidade social, ao atender interesses estratégicos superficiais de promoção e auto-imagem.

Responsabilidade social: visões e perspectivas de empresários do segmento industrial do Rio Grande do Norte

The theme Corporate Social Responsibility is relatively recent both in the academic field and in the business practice. Because of the lack of socialization of experiences and precision of concepts, there are gaps regarding the understanding of the subject and, also, how to conduct operations. This study just seeks to investigate such matter, focusing applications of social responsibility in business. It takes, as empirical field, winners of the PSQT - SESI Prize of Quality at Work in Rio Grande do Norte (2002-2007) in order to systematize the various approaches on the issue, aiming to reveal subjective visions and perspectives of the theme. It is characterized as a qualitative study, carried out by structured interview. The universe was composed by 15 companies. It was used analysis of content categorical as an axis for the interpretation of the information. Three approaches guided the analysis: Business Ethics, (normative); Business & Society (contractual); Social Issues Management (strategic). The findings are related in three ways: 1) reasons for the CSR practice; 2) the results obtained; 3) the means of CSR. It was found that the award participation occurs, mostly, linked to SESI invitations, so, as an articulated movement of industrial corporations in Brazil it occurs, also, because of the organizational commitment with the society and the possibility of internal and social growths and because of the importance attributed to the report as an instrument of consultancy. There are no indicators to check impacts of organizational interventions, in spite of the existence of planning for the actions. Social responsibility appears as a tool to reinforce the organizational image and to increase satisfaction of the employees. There is a tendency of large and medium firms to a contractual commitment while the small and the micros firms are on strategic or normative level. The analysis of the perspectives of social responsibility future revealed trends towards for strategic approach

A influência da responsabilidade social empresarial na satisfação e fidelidade do cliente : um estudo com compradores de automóveis

This study presents an investigation of the influence of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) in customer s satisfaction and loyalty through a study with car s buyers, besides that, it aims to contribute to conceptual models of satisfaction and loyalty analysis by applying the model of Johnson et al. (2001), adapted for the introduction of variables of CSR and conscious consumption, in a car dealership in Natal / RN. The methodology has a descriptive quantitative approach and for the analysis results were applied statistical methods of simple and multiple linear regression analysis, descriptive analysis and exploratory analysis. The field research provided 90 valid forms. The results show that CSR affects the image of the company studied and is also one of the elements of the compound of satisfaction and loyalty. This study concludes that CSR should be considered in the strategic and marketing actions of firms

Responsabilidade social e competitividade :um estudo sobre a influência de práticas sociais na decisão de escolha de um destino turístico

The work objective was to investigate the influence of social practices social in the choise decision of a tourist destination. For in such a way, a survey with the aid of a questionnaire, was used as being the research instrument. The study used a simple random sample without replacement, due to elements of the population had a equal probability different of zero, to be selected for forming part of the sample. The used collection method of data was personal interview. The data was collected at Augusto Severo International Airport at the moment in which tourists were embarking in return to the residence place or another tourist destination. For determination of sample size, it was considered the tourist who had visited Natal in November and December, 2004, supplied by the Secretariat of Tourism in the RN. The sample for the research was of 403 people. Results showed that the interviewed express the existence of high level of competitiveness in the tourism industry. It was observed that 42.5% of the interviewed believes to exist a very aggressive competition, and 47.5% believed that the competition is aggressive in the tourism industry. 10.4% of the interviewed expressed much interest in knowing about social practices in the tourism industry and 2.8% had not presented any interest in knowing about social practices in the tourism industry. For the interviewed, the travel agency image is a significant item in the choice for a tourist package, because of 35.6% believed that this factor is very important in the choice. 5% of the interviewed only find that little important or that sometimes the travel agency image can be seen as s decisive factor in the tourist package choice

Entre a fé, a obra social e a publicidade: uma análise crítica do discurso da responsabilidade social da Igreja Universal do Reino de Deus

Situated on Applied Linguistics (PENNYCOOK, 1998; MOITA LOPES, 2003, 2006, 2008, 2009), this thesis, which is inscribed in a qualitative-interpretative approach of a critical analysis perspective , lies on the speech of social responsibility and the way like that is employed in seeking for legitimacy and prestige within the neopentecostal brazilian religious field, more specifically of the Universal Church of the Kingdom of God. The general goal of this research is t reflect upon the speech on social responsibility and the rethoric of selfpromotion of the Universal Church through the role of social actors in the making of his her identities, materialized in the newspaper Folha Universal. In order to achieve that, we have conjugated, in this research, social and discursive analysis. On the linguistic-discursive approach, the research is based on the Critical Analysis of Discourse (ACD), specially in Fairclough (2001, 2003, 2006), a proposal that provides theoretical-methodological tools to investigate the language beyond the linguistic structures , that is, the discourse, social practices in which it occurs and more ample structures. Theoretical assumptions were also used of Sistemico-Functional Linguistics(LSF), matching with categories of the Transitivity System of Halliday (1994, 2004), of the forms of representation of social actors in the socioeconomic perspective by Van Leeuwen (1997, 2008) and of the Appraisal system by Martin and White (2005). As we develop the argumentation on thesobre social role of religion in this thesis, we make use of the authors such as Freston (1994), Oro (1997, 2003), Campos (1996, 1999), Mariano (1999), Meneses (2008), among several ones. We have also used a series of concepts and categories coming from the field of communication and marketing on the business social responsability and social marketing . In this area, we take as references the contributions of Bueno (2003), Fossá and Sartoretto (2003) and Zenone (2006). The corpus of the work is framed by news taken at the newspaper Folha Universal, in which are given the social responsibility actions of the church . The timeframe used was on the editions of 2010 thru 2012. Results found at he analysis of the News lead to semantic features of Assessment of Affection, Judgment and Appreciation, many times followed by Gradation, and the Attribution, one of the subsystems of the Attachment, are evidence of positive assessments for the Universal Church and its agents and make up rethorical elements which provide structure for the discourse of the Universal Church at the newspaper Folha Universal consisted of its image (style) of social responsibility . Results show that the most frequente social actors of the discourse are, on one hand, the Universal Church itself and its volunteers, famous (actors, actresses, presenters), politicians and authorities, on the other hand, the population which was helped by the Church social projects . The first group seems to be Always activated, however the second one, most of the time rather passive. These are also represented by assimilation in most of the occurrences, however the other ones by individualization and nomination entitled by honorification, except for the volunteers that are represented either as an individual, or as a group

A Responsabilidade social das empresas e os projetos sociais: filantropia ou emancipação social?

Pós-graduação em Serviço Social - FCHS

O uso da Lei Rouanet como ferramenta produtiva em um plano de comunicação

The Rouanet law is a tax incentive law that allows companies to invest up to 4% of their taxes - based on actual profit - in sponsoring cultural projects previously approved by the Ministry of Culture. By sponsoring these projects, companies can have their name attached to them and, consequently, strengthening their brand and increase its visibility in the market. Whereas this project is aligned to the company vision, its image will be strengthened and the sales will increase. Large companies use the Rouanet Law to sponsor cultural events and have very strong names in the Brazilian market, perhaps worldwide. Examples: Petrobras, Banco do Brasil, Banco Bradesco, BNDES, Usiminas, Vale, among others. The Public Relations professional, who’s responsible for internal and external communication of a company, can use it as a differential of his work, expanding the company's profits with minimum investments, aligning the company's vision to actual practices and using the sponsorship as an agent capable of strengthen its social responsibility and, due to that, to increase the trust of its target audience. This study will address the theoretical and practical aspects of the Rouanet Law and of the public relations professionals, beyond mentioning examples on the subject, with special attention to Petrobras, the largest sponsor of cultural projects in Brazil. The greatest problem of the Rouanet Law is the fact that its sponsored projects are mostly concentrated in the Southeast, specifically in the Rio - São Paulo region. The more popular the Act become, for most places it will spread and Brazil may, after some time, become a world reference in the Cultural point

As interações da ISO 26000 com a responsabilidade social e o Serviço Social nas organizações calçadista: estudo de caso

Pós-graduação em Serviço Social - FCHS

[The image of the dentist. Part 1: Results of a literature search]

The dentist enjoys a high degree of professional independence. He is seen as reliable and productive at work while carrying a big responsibility. His foremost social responsibility is to treat patients suffering from toothache and to promote oral health prevention for all people, regardless of their social status. At the same time, the dentist is prestigious, respected and honest. Comparable to other professions, however, dentistry is under public pressure. Media often associate the dental profession with negative properties such as sadism, immorality, or madness. Does the image of the dental profession suffer in this context? Our first article discusses the environmental factors which are identifiable to influence both each dentist and ultimately the whole image of dentistry.

The human side of social technology for climate change mitigation and human development: the case of "efficient stoves" in Brazil

Carbon management has gradually gained attention within the overall environmental management and corporate social responsibility agendas. The clean development mechanism, from Kyoto Protocol, was envisioned as connecting carbon market and sustainable development objectives in developing countries. Previous research has shown that this potential is rarely being achieved. The paper explores how the incorporation of the human side into carbon management reinforces its contribution to generate human development in local communities and to improve the company's image. A case study of a Brazilian company is presented, with the results of the application of an analytical model that incorporates the human side and human development. The selected project is an "efficient stoves" programme. "Efficient stoves" are recognised in Brazil as social technologies. Results suggest that the fact that social technologies value the human side of the technology plays a key role when it comes to analysing the co-benefits of the project implementation.

La responsabilidad social como valor añadido del facilities manager en la gestión del patrimonio inmobiliario

Resulta difícil definir una profesión que surge por la necesidad de adaptar los espacios de trabajo a las nuevas tendencias de las organizaciones, a la productividad, a las nuevas tecnologías que continúan modificando y facilitando desde las últimas décadas el modo y forma de trabajar. Mucho más complicado resulta definir una profesión casi invisible. Cuando todo funciona en un edificio, en un inmueble, en un activo. Todo está correcto. He ahí la dificultad de su definición. Lo que no se ve, no se valora. Las reuniones, las visitas, un puesto de trabajo, una sala de trabajo, una zona de descanso. La climatización, la protección contra incendios, la legionela, el suministro eléctrico, una evacuación. La organización, sus necesidades, su filosofía. Los informes, los análisis, las mejoras. Las personas, el espacio, los procesos, la tecnología. En la actualidad, todo se asocia a su coste. A su rentabilidad. En la difícil tarea de realizar el proyecto de un edificio, participan multitud de aspectos que deben estar perfectamente organizados. El arquitecto proyecta y aúna en el proyecto: pasado (experiencia), presente (tendencias) y futuro (perdurabilidad). Y es en ese momento, cuando al considerar el futuro del edificio, su perdurabilidad, hace que su ciclo de vida sea criterio fundamental al proyectar. Que deba considerarse desde el primer esbozo del proyecto. Para que un edificio perdure en el tiempo existen gran número de factores condicionantes. Empezando por su uso apropiado, su nivel de actividad, pasando por las distintas propiedades que pueda tener, y terminando por los responsables de su mantenimiento en su día a día. Esa profesión invisible, es la disciplina conocida como Facility Management. Otra disciplina no tan novedosa –sus inicios fueron a finales del siglo XIX-, y que en la actualidad se empieza a valorar en gran medida es la Responsabilidad Social. Todo lo que de forma voluntaria, una organización realiza por encima de lo estrictamente legal con objeto de contribuir al desarrollo sostenible (económico, social y medio ambiental). Ambas disciplinas destacan por su continuo dinamismo. Reflejando la evolución de distintas inquietudes: • Personas, procesos, espacios, tecnología • Económica, social, medio-ambiental Y que sólo puede gestionarse con una correcta gestión del cambio. Elemento bisagra entre ambas disciplinas. El presente trabajo de investigación se ha basado en el estudio del grado de sensibilización que existe para con la Responsabilidad Social dentro del sector de la Facility Management en España. Para ello, se han estructurado varios ejercicios con objeto de analizar: la comunicación, el marco actual normativo, la opinión del profesional, del facilities manager. Como objetivo, conocer la implicación actual que la Responsabilidad Social ejerce en el ejercicio de la profesión del Facilities Manager. Se hace especial hincapié en la voluntariedad de ambas disciplinas. De ahí que el presente estudio de investigación realice dicho trabajo sobre elementos voluntarios y por tanto sobre el valor añadido que se obtiene al gestionar dichas disciplinas de forma conjunta y voluntaria. Para que una organización pueda desarrollar su actividad principal –su negocio-, el Facilities Manager gestiona el segundo coste que esta organización tiene. Llegando a poder ser el primero si se incluye el coste asociado al personal (nóminas, beneficios, etc.) Entre el (70 – 80)% del coste de un edificio a lo largo de toda su vida útil, se encuentra en su periodo de explotación. En la perdurabilidad. La tecnología facilita la gestión, pero quien gestiona y lleva a cabo esta perdurabilidad son las personas en los distintos niveles de gestión: estratégico, táctico y operacional. En estos momentos de constante competencia, donde la innovación es el uniforme de batalla, el valor añadido del Facilities Manager se construye gestionando el patrimonio inmobiliario con criterios responsables. Su hecho diferenciador: su marca, su reputación. ABSTRACT It comes difficult to define a profession that emerges due to the need of adapting working spaces to new organization’s trends, productivity improvements and new technologies, which have kept changing and making easier the way that we work during the last decades. Defining an invisible profession results much more complicated than that, because everything is fine when everything works in a building, or in an asset, properly. Hence, there is the difficulty of its definition. What it is not seen, it is not worth. Meeting rooms, reception spaces, work spaces, recreational rooms. HVAC, fire protection, power supply, legionnaire’s disease, evacuation. The organization itself, its needs and its philosophy. Reporting, analysis, improvements. People, spaces, process, technology. Today everything is associated to cost and profitability. In the hard task of developing a building project, a lot of issues, that participate, must be perfectly organized. Architects design and gather/put together in the project: the past (experience), the present (trends) and the future (durability). In that moment, considering the future of the building, e. g. its perdurability, Life Cycle turn as the key point of the design. This issue makes LCC a good idea to have into account since the very first draft of the project. A great number of conditioner factors exist in order to the building resist through time. Starting from a suitable use and the level of activity, passing through different characteristics it may have, and ending daily maintenance responsible. That invisible profession, that discipline, is known as Facility Management. Another discipline, not as new as FM –it begun at the end of XIX century- that is becoming more and more valuable is Social Responsibility. It involves everything a company realizes in a voluntary way, above legal regulations contributing sustainable development (financial, social and environmentally). Both disciplines stand out by their continuous dynamism. Reflecting the evolution of different concerning: • People, process, spaces, technology • Financial, social and environmentally It can only be managed from the right change management. This is the linking point between both disciplines. This research work is based on the study of existing level of increasing sensitivity about Social Responsibility within Facility Management’s sector in Spain. In order to do that, several –five- exercises have been studied with the purpose of analyze: communication, law, professional and facility manager’s opinions. The objective is to know the current implication that Social Responsibility has over Facility Management. It is very important the voluntary part of both disciplines, that’s why the present research work is focused over the voluntary elements and about the added value that is obtained managing the before named disciplines as a whole and in voluntary way. In order a company can develop his core business/primary activities, facility managers must operate the second largest company budget/cost centre. Being the first centre cost if we considerer human resources’ costs included (salaries, incentives…) Among 70-80% building costs are produced along its operative life. Durability Technology ease management, but people are who manage and carry out this durability, within different levels: strategic, tactic and operational. In a world of continuing competence, where innovation is the uniform for the battle, facility manager’s added value is provided managing company’s real estate with responsibility criteria. Their distinguishing element: their brand, their reputation.

A PERCEPÇÃO DO UNIVERSITÁRIO SOBRE A PUBLICIDADE INSTITUCIONAL DE RESPONSABILIDADE SOCIAL EMPRESARIAL

Passar a imagem de socialmente responsável tem cada vez mais importância para as empresas. Isso porque uma marca forte é formada por muito mais do que simples atributos físicos de um produto ou serviço, mas por valores subjetivos. Esse cenário aponta a propaganda institucional como uma tendência, já que se trata de um instrumento capaz de passar conceitos intangíveis e subjetivos. O objetivo deste trabalho é verificar se o universitário considera a responsabilidade social empresarial um atributo importante para a formação de imagem de marca de certos produtos/serviços. O percurso teórico utilizado foi o da escola funcionalista, ênfase para Lazarsfeld e Lasswell, que buscavam verificar o alcance da comunicação junto ao público. Para tanto, desenvolvemos uma pesquisa quantitativa com a técnica do experimento, ou seja, manipulamos uma variável para observarmos o efeito produzido. O Grupo Experimental recebeu anúncios com o argumento que queríamos observar enquanto o Grupo de Controle recebeu anúncios das mesmas empresas com outro argumento qualquer. Na comparação entre grupos, verificamos de que forma o apelo responsabilidade social empresarial melhora a imagem da empresa anunciante.(AU)

A PERCEPÇÃO DO UNIVERSITÁRIO SOBRE A PUBLICIDADE INSTITUCIONAL DE RESPONSABILIDADE SOCIAL EMPRESARIAL

Passar a imagem de socialmente responsável tem cada vez mais importância para as empresas. Isso porque uma marca forte é formada por muito mais do que simples atributos físicos de um produto ou serviço, mas por valores subjetivos. Esse cenário aponta a propaganda institucional como uma tendência, já que se trata de um instrumento capaz de passar conceitos intangíveis e subjetivos. O objetivo deste trabalho é verificar se o universitário considera a responsabilidade social empresarial um atributo importante para a formação de imagem de marca de certos produtos/serviços. O percurso teórico utilizado foi o da escola funcionalista, ênfase para Lazarsfeld e Lasswell, que buscavam verificar o alcance da comunicação junto ao público. Para tanto, desenvolvemos uma pesquisa quantitativa com a técnica do experimento, ou seja, manipulamos uma variável para observarmos o efeito produzido. O Grupo Experimental recebeu anúncios com o argumento que queríamos observar enquanto o Grupo de Controle recebeu anúncios das mesmas empresas com outro argumento qualquer. Na comparação entre grupos, verificamos de que forma o apelo responsabilidade social empresarial melhora a imagem da empresa anunciante.(AU)