A estética da recepção contribuindo para o ensino de literatura-infantil: uma experiência com o conto A pequena vendedora de fósforos, de Hans Christian Andersen (1805-1875)

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

O patinho feio e O rouxinol e o imperador da China, de Hans Christian Andersen: a literatura infantil em uma 4ª série do ensino fundamental em Presidente Prudente

Pós-graduação em Educação - FCT

Um percurso teórico-metodológico para leitura de “O isqueiro mágico” e “A rainha da neve”, de Hans Christian Andersen (1805-1875)

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Thou Shall Not Kill: Vegetarianism in the Christian Faith

Biblical justifications for a vegetarian diet seem to meet with much adversity within mainstream American culture. Texts suggesting that people were intended to be vegetarians can be found in the Bible. However, this interpretation of Biblical texts has not been widely accepted by Protestant Christianity. This research attempts to identifY social and religious characteristics of people who are vegetarian. Fundamentalism, denomination, belief in the inerrancy of the Bible, and strength of belief in Christianity are examined as factors related to supporting vegetarianism. The General Social Survey's data from 1993 and 1994 were used in this study. The data were analyzed using frequencies, means, cross tabulations. correlations, and regressions. The sample was 57% female and 87% white, the mean age was 46 and the average level of education was 13 years. The study found that, among the independent variables. belief in animal rights, rather than any specific religious views, had the strongest influence on vegetarianism.

Review of Julien Gœury: L 'Autopsie et le théorème: poétique des Théorèmes spirituels (1613-1622) de Jean de La Ceppède.

Les lecteurs de La Ceppède seront contents de recevoir le livre de Julien Gœury car son étude représente une addition importante aux ouvrages récents sur le poète aixois. Faisant partie de la redécouverte critique des Théorèmes initiée par les travaux de Jean Rousset dans les années 50, L'Autopsie et le théorème jette un nouveau regard sur l'oeuvre laceppédienne en adoptant ce que l'on peut appeler une perspective néo-structuraliste. L'exposé se divise en quatre parties: 1) Morphologie, 2) Anatomie, 3) Physiologie et 4) Psychologie. Une telle répartition suggere le désir de dégager le caractère organique du texte dans le cadre d'une organisation bien schématisée. Concernant la première categorie, Gœury met en exergue la construction générale du texte, signalant au départ “l'architecture extérieure” (23) ainsi que “l'architecture intérieure” (54) dans la composition des livres et des recueils qui édifient l'ouvrage. Ici, le lecteur note l'accent mis sur la signification du frontispice, des pages de titres, et sur d'autres éléments paratextuels. Toujours dans la première partie, Gœury suit l'exemple de plusieurs critiques en examinant l'emploi du sonnet comme mode de discours. L'auteur met en avant des “lois de composition” (141) qui renforcent “l'engagement formel” (151) du texte ainsi que son “architecture phonetique” (157). S'ajoutent à l'examen morphologique des observations sur les différentes formes “d'enjambement” (168) et de “fragmentation” (174) qui se manifestent dans les sonnets.

Impact of treatment characteristics on response of different breast cancer phenotypes: pooled analysis of the German neo-adjuvant chemotherapy trials

Pathological complete response (pCR) to neoadjuvant treatment correlates with outcome in breast cancer. We determined whether characteristics of neoadjuvant therapy are associated with pCR. We used multi-level models, which accounted for heterogeneity in pCR across trials and trial arms, to analyze individual patient data from 3332 women included in 7 German neoadjuvant trials with uniform protocols. PCR was associated with an increase in number of chemotherapy cycles (odds ratio [OR] 1.2 for every two additional cycles; P = 0.009), with higher cumulative anthracycline doses (OR 1.6; P = 0.002), higher cumulative taxane doses (OR 1.6; P = 0.009), and with capecitabine containing regimens (OR 1.62; P = 0.022). Association of pCR with increase in number of cycles appeared more pronounced in hormone receptor (HR)-positive tumors (OR 1.35) than in HR-negative tumors (OR 1.04; P for interaction = 0.046). Effect of anthracycline dose was particularly pronounced in HER2-negative tumors (OR 1.61), compared to HER2-positive tumors (OR 0.83; P for interaction = 0.14). Simultaneous trastuzumab treatment in HER2-positive tumors increased odds of pCR 3.2-fold (P < 0.001). No association of pCR and number of trastuzumab cycles was found (OR 1.20, P = 0.39). Dosing characteristics appear important for successful treatment of breast cancer. Longer treatment, higher cumulative doses of anthracyclines and taxanes, and the addition of capecitabine and trastuzumab are associated with better response. Tailoring according to breast cancer phenotype might be possible: longer treatment in HR-positive tumors, higher cumulative anthracycline doses for HER2-negative tumors, shorter treatment at higher cumulative doses for triple-negative tumors, and limited number of preoperative trastuzumab cycles in HER2-positive tumors.