DC power line communication based on power/signal dual modulation in phase shift full bridge converters

For intelligent DC distributed power systems, data communication plays a vital role in system control and device monitoring. To achieve communication in a cost effective way, power/signal dual modulation (PSDM), a method that integrates data transmission with power conversion, can be utilized. In this paper, an improved PSDM method using phase shift full bridge (PSFB) converter is proposed. This method introduces a phase control based freedom in the conventional PSFB control loop to realize communication using the same power conversion circuit. In this way, decoupled data modulation and power conversion are realized without extra wiring and coupling units, and thus the system structure is simplified. More importantly, the signal intensity can be regulated by the proposed perturbation depth, and so this method can adapt to different operating conditions. Application of the proposed method to a DC distributed power system composed of several PSFB converters is discussed. A 2kW prototype system with an embedded 5kbps communication link has been implemented, and the effectiveness of the method is verified by experimental results.

A társadalmi felelősségvállalás vállalati on-line kommunikációjának kritikai elemzése (Critical Analysis of Online CSR Communication in Hungary)

A vállalatok társadalmi felelősségvállalásával (CSR) kapcsolatos alapelvek, kezdeményezések és tevékenységek kommunikációja a vállalati kommunikáció egyik sarkalatos pontjává vált szinte az egész világon. A cégek CSR-kezdeményezéseik bemutatásához egyre többször az internetet is igénybe veszik. Az on-line média használatával párhuzamosan az elmúlt évtizedben egyre többen kutatják a CSR-kommunikáció elektronikus formáit, jóllehet ezek a kutatások többnyire leíró jellegűek, és a CSR-kommunikáció, valamint egyes vállalati jellemzők (méret, iparág és más magyarázó változók) között keresnek kapcsolatot. A szerzők e cikkben a társadalmi felelősségvállalással foglalkozó vállalati weboldalakat kritikai szemüvegen keresztül vizsgálják. Céljuk, hogy feltárják az on-line kommunikációt jellemző belső ellentmondásokat és a vallott és követett értékek közötti különbségeket. _______ Communicating corporate social responsibility (CSR) principles, initiatives, and activities has become a common practice of companies all around the world. It is quite apparent that firms use internet more and more often to communicate their CSR initiatives to their stakeholders. Parallel with the extensive use of the online media, more and more research has been elaborated on the field of online CSR communication in the last decade as well. However, these studies usually have a strong descriptive focus trying to reveal connections between the intensity of online communication of CSR values and activities, and company size, industrial background, and other explanatory variables. In contrast, the authors analysed corporate web pages dedicated to CSR through critical lenses. Their research was designed to explore any dissonances and contradictions within online communication and between communication and real activities of firms from construction, retail, and telecommunication industries in Hungary.

Spatio-temporal intensity dynamics of passively mode-locked fiber laser

We present recent results on measurements of intensity spatio-temporal dynamics in passively mode-locked fibre laser. We experimentally uncover distinct, dynamic and stable spatio-temporal generation regimes of various stochasticity and periodicity properties in though-to-be unstable laser. We present a method to distinguish various types of generated coherent structures, including rogue and shock waves, within the radiation by means of introducing of intensity ACF evolution map. We also discuss how the spectral dynamics could be measured in fiber lasers generating irregular train of pulses of quasi-CW generation via combination of heterodyning and intensity spatio-temporal measurement concept.

Enhanced spectral compression in nonlinear optical fibres

We propose two new approaches to enhance the spectral compression process arising from nonlinear pulse propagation in an optical fibre. We numerically show that an additional sinusoidal temporal phase modulation of the pulse enables efficient reduction of the intensity level of side lobes in the spectrum. Another strategy is to select a regime of propagation in which normal group-velocity dispersion reshapes the initial stretched pulse to a near-Fourier-transform-limited rectangular waveform.

Scaling multimode fibre IM/DD transmission capacity through spatial-spectral multiplexing

Data centre connections can greatly benefit from parallel transmission channels on one multimode fibre (MMF). Shortwave wavelength division multiplexing (SWDM) achieves parallel transmission through spectral multiplexing. Furthermore, MMFs offer a spatial dimension that should be exploited to increase parallel transmission, albeit in a cost-effective way. In this paper, it is shown that SWDM and spatial multiplexing can be combined in intensity modulation and direct detection MMF transmission systems that use selective offset excitation and mode-selective spatial filtering.

Enhanced nonlinear spectral compression in fiber by external sinusoidal phase modulation

We propose a new, simple approach to enhance the spectral compression process arising from nonlinear pulse propagation in an optical fiber. We numerically show that an additional sinusoidal temporal phase modulation of the pulse enables efficient reduction of the intensity level of the side lobes in the spectrum that are produced by the mismatch between the initial linear negative chirp of the pulse and the self-phase modulation-induced nonlinear positive chirp. Remarkable increase of both the extent of spectrum narrowing and the quality of the compressed spectrum is afforded by the proposed approach across a wide range of experimentally accessible parameters.

Enhanced nonlinear spectral compression in fibre by sinusoidal phase modulation

We propose a simple approach to enhance the spectral compression arising from nonlinear pulse propagation in a Kerr medium. We numerically show that an additional sinusoidal temporal phase modulation enables efficient reduction of the intensity level of spectral side lobes.

Spectral analysis of four 'hypervariable' AGN: a micro-needle in the haystack?

We analyze four extreme AGN transients to explore the possibility that they are caused by rare, high-amplitude microlensing events. These previously unknown type-I AGN are located in the redshift range 0.6-1.1 and show changes of > 1.5 magnitudes in the g-band on a timescale of ~years. Multi-epoch optical spectroscopy, from the William Herschel Telescope, shows clear differential variability in the broad line fluxes with respect to the continuum changes and also evolution in the line profiles. In two cases a simple point-source, point-lens microlensing model provides an excellent match to the long-term variability seen in these objects. For both models the parameter constraints are consistent with the microlensing being due to an intervening stellar mass object but as yet there is no confirmation of the presence of an intervening galaxy. The models predict a peak amplification of 10.3/13.5 and an Einstein timescale of 7.5/10.8 years respectively. In one case the data also allow constraints on the size of the CIII] emitting region, with some simplifying assumptions, to to be ~1.0-6.5 light-days and a lower limit on the size of the MgII emitting region to be > 9 light-days (half-light radii). This CIII] radius is perhaps surprisingly small. In the remaining two objects there is spectroscopic evidence for an intervening absorber but the extra structure seen in the lightcurves requires a more complex lensing scenario to adequately explain.

Exploring Habitability Markers, Biosignatures, and Their False Positives Using Spectral Models of Terrestrial Exoplanets

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Washington, 2016-08

Design, synthesis and antiproliferative activity of hydroxyacetamide derivatives against HeLa cervical carcinoma cell and breast cancer cell line

Purpose: To design and develop a new series of histone deacetylase inhibitors (FP1 - FP12) and evaluate their inhibitory activity against hydroxyacetamide (HDAC) enzyme mixture-derived HeLa cervical carcinoma cell and MCF-7. Methods: The designed molecules (FP1 - FP12) were docked using AUTODOCK 1.4.6. FP3 and FP8 showed higher interaction comparable to the prototypical HDACI. The designed series of 2-[[(3- Phenyl/substituted Phenyl-[4-{(4-(substituted phenyl)ethylidine-2-Phenyl-1,3-Imidazol-5-One}](-4H- 1,2,4-triazol-5-yl)sulfanyl]-N-hydroxyacetamide derivatives (FP1-FP12) was synthesized by merging 2- [(4-amino-3-phenyl-4H- 1, 2, 4-triazol-5-yl) sulfanyl]-N-hydroxyacetamide and 2-{[4-amino-3-(2- hydroxyphenyl)-4H-1,2, 4-triazol-5-yl]sulfanyl}-N hydroxyacetamide derivatives with aromatic substituted oxazolone. The biological activity of the synthesized molecule (FP1-FP12) was evaluated against HDAC enzyme mixture-derived HeLa cervical carcinoma cell and breast cancer cell line (MCF-7). Results: HDAC inhibitory activity of FP10 showed higher IC50 (half-maximal concentration inhibitory activity) of 0.09 μM, whereas standard SAHA molecule showed IC50 of 0.057 μM. On the other hand, FP9 exhibited higher GI50 (50 % of maximal concentration that inhibited cell proliferation) of 22.8 μM against MCF-7 cell line, compared with the standard, adriamycin, with GI50 of (-) 50.2 μM. Conclusion: Synthesis, spectral characterization, and evaluation of HDAC inhibition activity and in vitro anticancer evaluation of novel hydroxyacetamide derivatives against MCF-7 cell line have been achieved. The findings indicate the emergence of potentialanticancer compounds.

A dedicated greedy pursuit algorithm for sparse spectral representation of music sound

A dedicated algorithm for sparse spectral representation of music sound is presented. The goal is to enable the representation of a piece of music signal as a linear superposition of as few spectral components as possible, without affecting the quality of the reproduction. A representation of this nature is said to be sparse. In the present context sparsity is accomplished by greedy selection of the spectral components, from an overcomplete set called a dictionary. The proposed algorithm is tailored to be applied with trigonometric dictionaries. Its distinctive feature being that it avoids the need for the actual construction of the whole dictionary, by implementing the required operations via the fast Fourier transform. The achieved sparsity is theoretically equivalent to that rendered by the orthogonal matching pursuit (OMP) method. The contribution of the proposed dedicated implementation is to extend the applicability of the standard OMP algorithm, by reducing its storage and computational demands. The suitability of the approach for producing sparse spectral representation is illustrated by comparison with the traditional method, in the line of the short time Fourier transform, involving only the corresponding orthonormal trigonometric basis.

Modelling and studies of the spectral response of some optoelectronic components

Solar radiation takes in today's world, an increasing importance. Different devices are used to carry out spectral and integrated measurements of solar radiation. Thus the sensors can be divided into the fallow types: Calorimetric, Thermomechanical, Thermoelectric and Photoelectric. The first three categories are based on components converting the radiation to temperature (or heat) and then into electrical quantity. On the other hand, the photoelectric sensors are based on semiconductor or optoelectronic elements that when irradiated change their impedance or generate a measurable electric signal. The response function of the sensor element depends not only on the intensity of the radiation but also on its wavelengths. The radiation sensors most widely used fit in the first categories, but thanks to the reduction in manufacturing costs and to the increased integration of electronic systems, the use of the photoelectric-type sensors became more interesting. In this work we present a study of the behavior of different optoelectronic sensor elements. It is intended to verify the static response of the elements to the incident radiation. We study the optoelectronic elements using mathematical models that best fit their response as a function of wavelength. As an input to the model, the solar radiation values are generated with a radiative transfer model. We present a modeling of the spectral response sensors of other types in order to compare the behavior of optoelectronic elements with other sensors currently in use.

Assessment of sugarcane harvesting residue effects on soil spectral behavior

When the harvesting of sugarcane involves a mechanized process, plant residues remain on the soil surface, which makes proximal and remote sensing difficult to monitor. This study aimed to evaluate, under laboratory conditions, differences in the soil spectral behavior of surface layers Quartzipsamment and Hapludox soil classes due to increasing levels of sugarcane?s dry (DL) and green (GL) leaf cover on the soil. Soil cover was quantified by supervised classification of the digital images (photography) taken of the treatments. The spectral reflectance of the samples was obtained using the FieldSpec Pro (350 to 2500 nm). TM-Landsat bands were simulated and the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and soil line were also determined. Soil cover ranged from 0 to 89 % for DL and 0 to 80 % for GL. Dry leaf covering affected the features of the following soil constituents: iron oxides (480, 530 and 900 nm) and kaolinite (2200 nm). Water absorption (1400 and 1900 nm) and chlorophyll (670 nm) were determinant in differentiating between bare soil and GL covering. Bands 3 and 4 and NDVI showed pronounced variations as regards differences in soil cover percentage for both DL and GL. The soil line allowed for discrimination of the bare soil from the covered soil (DL and GL). High resolution sensors from about 50 % of the DL or GL covering are expected to reveal differences in soil spectral behavior. Above this coverage percentage, soil assessment by remote sensing is impaired.

Probing the innermost regions of AGN via time-resolved spectral analysis

The dynamics and geometry of the material inflowing and outflowing close to the supermassive black hole in active galactic nuclei are still uncertain. X-rays are the most suitable way to study the AGN innermost regions because of the Fe Kα emission line, a proxy of accretion, and Fe absorption lines produced by outflows. Winds are typically classified as Warm Absorbers (slow and mildly ionized) and Ultra Fast Outflows (fast and highly ionized). Transient Obscurers -optically thick winds that produce strong spectral hardening in X-rays, lasting from days to months- have been observed recently. Emission and absorption features vary on time-scales from hours to years, probing phenomena at different distances from the SMBH. In this work, we use time-resolved spectral analysis to investigate the accretion and ejection flows, to characterize them individually and search for correlations. We analyzed XMM-Newtomn data of a set of the brightest Seyfert 1 galaxies that went through an obscuration event: NGC 3783, NGC 3227, NGC 5548, and NGC 985. Our aim is to search for emission/absorption lines in short-duration spectra (∼ 10ks), to explore regions as close as the SMBH as the statistics allows for, and possibly catch transient phenomena. First we run a blind search to detect emission/absorption features, then we analyze their evolution with Residual Maps: we visualize simultaneously positive and negative residuals from the continuum in the time-energy plane, looking for patterns and relative time-scales. In NGC 3783 we were able to ascribe variations of the Fe Kα emission line to absorptions at the same energy due to clumps in the obscurer, whose presence is detected at >3σ, and to determine the size of the clumps. In NGC 3227 we detected a wind at ∼ 0.2c at ∼ 2σ, briefly appearing during an obscuration event.

[the Use Of Fish On Buccal Smear To Investigate Mosaicism With A 45,x Cell Line: Study On Healthy Men And Patients With Disorders Of Sex Development].

To verify whether fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) of cells from the buccal epithelium could be employed to detect cryptomosaicism with a 45,X lineage in 46,XY patients. Samples of nineteen 46,XY healthy young men and five patients with disorders of sex development (DSD), four 45,X/46,XY and one 46,XY were used. FISH analysis with X and Y specific probes on interphase nuclei from blood lymphocytes and buccal epithelium were analyzed to investigate the proportion of nuclei containing only the signal of the X chromosome. The frequency of nuclei containing only the X signal in the two tissues of healthy men did not differ (p = 0.69). In all patients with DSD this frequency was significantly higher, and there was no difference between the two tissues (p = 0.38), either. Investigation of mosaicism with a 45,X cell line in patients with 46,XY DSD or sterility can be done by FISH directly using cells from the buccal epithelium.