Conservation, révolution, et positivisme,

Mode of access: Internet.

Comte's philosophy of the sciences;

Photocopy.

Great religions of the world,

Confucianism in the ninteenth century. By H. A. Giles.--Buddhism. By T. W. R. Davids.--Mohammedanism in the nineteenth century. By O. Mann.--Brahminism. By Sir A. C. Lyall.--Zoroastrianism and the Parsis. By D. Menant.--Sikhism and the Sikhs. By Sir L. Griffin.--Positivism: its position, aims and ideals. By F. Harrison.--Bābism. By E. D. Ross.--Jews and Judaism in the ninetenth century. By M. Gaster.--The outlook for Christianity. By W. Gladden.--Catholic Christianity. By Cardinal Gibbons.

Comte's philosophy of the sciences: being an exposition of the principles of the Cours de philosophie positive /

Preface dated 1853.

Sur les chemins de la croyance : première étape, L'utilisation du positivisme /

Publié pour la première fois dans La Revue des deux mondes, au cours des années 1901, 1902 et 1903.

Die philosophie des als ob.

Mode of access: Internet.

L'idée de relation; essai de critique positive ...

Thèse - Univ. de Paris.

Cours de philosophie positive.

t. 1. Les préliminaires généraux et la philosophie mathématique.--t. 2. La philosophie astronomique et la philosophie de la physique.--t. 3. La philosophie chimique et la philosophie biologique.--t. 4. La partie dogmatique de la philosophie sociale.--t. 5. La partie historique de la philosophie sociale.--t. 6. Le complément de la philosophie sociale et les co conclusions générales.

Der Positivismus vom Tode August Comte's bis auf unsere Tage (1857-1891) /

Includes bibliographical references.

La Philosophie positive

Jan. 1868-June 1869, called 2. année; July 1869-June 1870, 3. année, etc. Vol.17-31 called "2. série"

The positive philosophy of Auguste Comte /

Mode of access: Internet.

Ethics and intervention: The 'humanitarian exception' and the problem of abuse in the case of Iraq

This article investigates the ethics of intervention and explores the decision to invade Iraq. It begins by arguing that while positive international law provides an important framework for understanding and debating the legitimacy of war, it does not cover the full spectrum of moral reasoning on issues of war and peace. To that end, after briefly discussing the two primary legal justifications for war (implied UN authorization and pre-emptive self-defence), and finding them wanting, it asks whether there is a moral 'humanitarian exceptions to this rule grounded in the 'just war' tradition. The article argues that two aspects of the broad tradition could be used to make a humanitarian case for war: the 'holy war' tradition and classical just war thinking based on natural law. The former it finds problematic, while the latter it argues provides a moral space to justify the use of force to halt gross breaches of natural law. Although such an approach may provide a moral justification for war, it also opens the door to abuse. It was this very problem that legal positivism from Vattel onwards was designed to address. As a result, the article argues that natural law and legal positivist arguments should be understood as complementary sets of ideas whose sometimes competing claims must be balanced in relation to particular cases. Therefore, although natural law may open a space for justifying the invasion of Iraq on humanitarian terms, legal positivism strictly limits that right. Ignoring this latter fact, as happened in the Iraq case, opens the door to abuse.

The UN Security Council and the question of humanitarian intervention in Darfur

This article explores the different moral and legal arguments used by protagonists in the debate about whether or not to conduct a humanitarian intervention in Darfur. The first section briefly outlines four moral and legal positions on whether there is (and should be) a right and/or duty of humanitarian intervention: communitarianism, restrictionist and counter-restrictionist legal positivism and liberal cosmopolitanism. The second section then provides an overview of the Security Council's debate about responding to Darfur's crisis, showing how its policy was influenced by both normative concerns and hard-nosed political calculations. The article concludes by asking what Darfur's case reveals about the legitimacy and likelihood of humanitarian intervention in such catastrophes and the role of the UN Security Council as the primary authorising body for the use of international force. The authors argue that this case demonstrates that for the cosmopolitan/counter-restrictionist case to prevail pivotal states need to put humanitarian emergencies on the global agenda and express a willingness to act without Council authorisation, though the question of how to proceed in cases where the Council is deadlocked remains vexed.

EM NOME DA ORDEM : O papel dos agentes da religião católica institucionalizada durante o movimento e guerra do Contestado entre 1912-1916

Esta tese analisa o papel dos líderes da Igreja católica institucionalizada antes e durante o movimento e guerra do Contestado de 1912 a 1916. Movimento classificado como messiânico-milenarista ocorrido no sul do Brasil numa área litigiosa pleiteada pelos Estados do Paraná e Santa Catarina. Aponta o contexto sócio-econômico-político e religioso que criou condições para que o movimento pudesse emergir. Analisa a formação do catolicismo rústico popular brasileiro e suas expressões na região do Contestado, destacando-se o papel dos monges. Aprofunda a compreensão do catolicismo oficial em processo de romanização e do papel dos frades franciscanos, de suas concepções e práticas na tentativa de enquadrar a religião cabocla dentro dos princípios da reforma. Analisa a reação cabocla diante das mudanças implantadas na região e a explosão da irmandade, denominada Terra Santa , que buscava efetivar uma nova ordem . Aprofunda especialmente o papel dos frades representantes da Igreja católica, tendo em vista dispersar e pacificar o caboclo rebelde e a aliança, que estabeleceram com as forças repressoras, para implantar a ordem e a paz na região contestada, com a conseqüente eliminação radical da irmandade cabocla e de seus redutos .(AU)

CAMPOS SALLES E O POSITIVISMO UM ESTUDO SOBRE A COMUNICAÇÃO POLÍTICA DO SEGUNDO PRESIDENTE CIVIL BRASILEIRO

Campos Salles foi um político de grande importância para o Brasil, destacando-se como um dos personagens mais ativos do movimento republicano. Iniciou sua carreira política aos 26 anos, sendo eleito Deputado Provincial. Em 1898, com 57 anos, assumiu o mais alto cargo político da Nação. Esta pesquisa pretende analisar as estratégias de comunicação política por ele adotadas até chegar à Presidência da República, procurando comprovar a influência do positivismo em sua trajetória.