Simultaneously enhanced strength and ductility of titanium via multimodal grain structure

Commercial Ti with a multimodal grain structure was successfully produced using cryorolling, followed by low-temperature annealing. This multimodal grain structure Ti exhibited a combination of high yield strength (926 MPa), a uniform elongation of 11% and a failure elongation of 23%. The strength enhancement was mainly derived from the ultrafine equiaxed grains, while the improved ductility originated from the large fraction of high-angle grain boundaries and the multimodal grain structure.

Creating multimodal metalanguage with teachers

Curriculum guidelines, including the emergent Australian curriculum (Australian Curriculum, Assessment and Reporting Authority [ACARA], 2009-10), indicate expectations that teachers will support their students’ interpretation and creation of multimodal texts. However, English curriculum guidelines are yet to advise on a detailed metalanguage to support teacher and student discussion of the meaning-making dimensions of multimodal texts. Theoretical work on the development of multimodal metalanguage is in its early stages, lacking ready application for use in diverse classroom contexts. This article reports on research into applications of a framework designed to help teachers add depth and breadth to teaching and learning about multimodal meanings through development of a metalanguage (Cope & Kalantzis, 2000). While application of this framework in middle-years classrooms was initially found to be problematic, working in collaboration with teachers this framework was adapted and enriched for classroom use. This resulted in a refined framework which can be used in classrooms for stimulating metalanguage to describe multimodal texts.

Multimodal synthesis and the voice of the multimedia author in a Japanese EFL context

This paper examines a powerful potential of multimodal design: meaning that transcends the total semiotic contribution of a text's constituent parts. With reference to data drawn from the digital storytelling practices of Japanese university students, the author argues and demonstrates that in the current semiotic climate, characterised by the increasing availability and complexity of communication tools and ready appropriation of available designs, practices of multimedia authorship truly can evince expression that is authentically multiplicative. However, this sort of meaning making does not automatically come about. Controlling the inherent polysemy of multimodal texts, in the author's view, is a matter of recognising points of semantic correspondence among co-deployed images, language, etc. and creating syntheses of potential meaning that cut across these semiotic modes. The author further argues that it is in this way that the voice of the multimodal author can most clearly be heard, particularly in cases in which a language learner–author integrates elements within a multimedia text that encode meaning in the L2.

Students' construction of a virtual museum for multimodal meaning-making : the case of a pilot intervention

This paper evaluates a pilot design research intervention of 12-13 year old Secondary (Middle) students in Singapore constructing a virtual museum within an English Language (EL) curriculum which seeks to engage students through the infusion of authentic, rich multimodal stimuli. 78 students from two classes designed the layout of museum galleries based on their chosen themes, sourced and created multimodal artifacts , and presented their proposals and galleries to an imagined external audience and their peers. The research design and methodology, processes and factors driving the design and implementation of the project are described. Feedback from teachers and students on the benefits and limitations of the study are elicited through semi-constructed interviews, surveys and questionnaire forms. Recommendations to overcome problems identified are proposed.

Identifying multi-view patterns with hierarchy and granularity based multimodal (HGM) cognitive model

Humans perceive entities such as objects, patterns, events, etc. as concepts, which are the basic units in human intelligence and communications. In addition, perceptions of these entities could be abstracted and generalised at multiple levels of granularity. In particular, such granulation allows the formation and usage of concepts in human intelligence. Such natural granularity in human intelligence could inspire and motivate the design and development of pattern identification approach in Data Mining. In our opinion, a pattern could be perceived at multiple levels of granularity and thus we advocate for the co-existence of hierarchy and granularity. In addition, granular patterns exist across different sources of data (multimodality). In this paper, we present a cognitive model that incorporates the characteristics of Hierarchy, Granularity and Multimodality for multi-view patterns identification in crime domain. Such framework is implemented with Growing Self Organising Maps (GSOM) and some experimental results are presented and discussed.

Dynamic privacy assessment in a smart house environment using multimodal sensing

Surveillance applications in private environments such as smart houses require a privacy management policy if such systems are to be accepted by the occupants of the environment. This is due to the invasive nature of surveillance, and the private nature of the home. In this article, we propose a framework for dynamically altering the privacy policy applied to the monitoring of a smart house based on the situation within the environment. Initially the situation, or context, within the environment is determined; we identify several factors for determining environmental context, and propose methods to quantify the context using audio and binary sensor data. The context is then mapped to an appropriate privacy policy, which is implemented by applying data hiding techniques to control access to data gathered from various information sources. The significance of this work lies in the examination of privacy issues related to assisted-living smart house environments. A single privacy policy in such applications would be either too restrictive for an observer, for example, a carer, or too invasive for the occupants. We address this by proposing a dynamic method, with the aim of decreasing the invasiveness of the technology, while retaining the purpose of the system.

Multimodal nanostructured titanium using severe plastic deformation

In the present study, multimodal nanostructured titanium was engineered using severe plastic deformation. The multimodal structured titanium exhibits an ultrahigh strength of over 940 MPa and a large failure elongation of 24%. The ultrahigh strength is mainly derived from the nanostructured structures; whilst the exceptional ductility originates from the large fraction of high angle grain boundaries, micro-scale structures, and the non-equilibrium grain boundary configuration. It is worth noting that apart from dislocation slip processes, the formation of deformation twins reduced the effective slip distance and increased the strain hardening capacity via the Hall-Petch mechanism, leading to high ductility of the multimodal structured titanium.