Efeito da abertura comercial na variação da taxa de câmbio real em episódios de sudden stop

A dissertação investiga a relação entre a abertura comercial e o custo de reversão do saldo da conta corrente em economias que sofrem episódios de contração abrupta do influxo de capital. Nesses episódios, os governos procuram inicialmente equilibrar o balanço de pagamentos recorrendo às reservas internacionais, mas normalmente o fenômeno persiste até que se efetive uma desvalorização real do câmbio. Apresentamos um modelo simples para mostrar que, em economias mais abertas comercialmente, o saldo da balança comercial responde com mais intensidade à desvalorização cambial. Dessa forma, a reversão do saldo de conta corrente em episódios de restrição de liquidez decorrentes da contração dos influxos de capital é alcançada de maneira menos custosa. Confirmamos essa constatação teórica para países emergentes através de um exercício empírico que utiliza dados trimestrais de 42 países entre 1980 e 2003.

Venda door-to-door na L'Oréal Brasil: por que a maior empresa de cosméticos do mundo não entra no canal da maior empresa de cosméticos no Brasil?

Por que a maior empresa de cosmético do mundo não entra no canal de vendas da maior empresa de cosméticos do Brasil? O trabalho a seguir tem o objetivo de analisar a L’Oréal Brasil e entender os motivos de ela não atuar no canal de vendas door-to-door, principal canal de vendas da Natura, a maior empresa de cosméticos do Brasil. Com base no método do Estudo do Caso, foram feitas 23 entrevistas tendo como amostra o corpo executivo da L’Oréal Brasil, bem como seu CEO. O estudo abrangeu diversas áreas da organização: marketing, suprimentos, fabricação, recursos humanos, vendas e logística. Com base na teoria da Lógica Dominante, notou-se que apesar de o canal de vendas door-to-door ser atrativo, existem diversas razões estratégicas/crenças que impedem que a L’Oréal entre no canal, são elas: a desconfiança no futuro do canal, a operação logística e o paradigma histórico da L’Oréal.

Aplicação de uma regra de stop-loss no mercado brasileiro

Nesta dissertação é proposta uma estrutura de trading para analisar o desempenho da estratégia de Stop-Loss em termos de ganho de valor. Fundamentada no paper de Kaminsky e Lo (2014), a regra consiste em alternar de um ativo de alta volatilidade para um ativo livre de risco baseado em uma regra binária de Stop-Loss. Foram encontrados resultados nominais positivos, redução de volatilidade e consequente aumento do coeficiente retorno/volatilidade.

Influence of door handles design in effort perception: accessibility and usability

The application of ergonomics in product design is essential to its accessibility and usability. The development of manual devices should be based on ergonomic principles. Effort perception analysis is an essential approach to understand the physical and subjective aspects of the interface. The objective of the present study was to analyze the effort perception during a simulated task with different door handles by Portuguese subjects of both genders and different ages. This transversal study agreed with ethical aspects. 180 subjects of both genders pertaining to three age groups have participated. Five door handles with different shapes were evaluated. A subjective numeric rating scale of 5 levels was used to evaluate the effort. For statistical analysis it was applied the Friedman non-parametric test. The results have showed no significant differences of effort perception in door handles "A" and "B"; "A" and "D"; and "D" and "C". Door handle "E" presented the lowest values of all. In general, there's an inverse relationship between the results of biomechanical studies and the effort perception of the same task activity. This shows that door handles design influence directly these two variables and can interfere in the accessibility and usability of these kinds of products.

Stop-lepton associated production at hadron colliders

At hadron colliders, the search for R-parity violating supersymmetry can probe scalar masses beyond what is covered by pair production processes. We evaluate the next-to-leading order SUSY-QCD corrections to the associated stop or sbottom production with a lepton through R-parity violating interactions. We show that higher order corrections render the theoretical predictions more stable with respect to variations of the renormalization and factorization scales and that the total cross section is enhanced by a factor up to 70% at the Tevatron and 50% at the LHC. We investigate in detail how the heavy supersymmetric states decouple from the next-to-leading order process, which gives rise to a theory with an additional scalar leptoquark. In this scenario the inclusion of higher order QCD corrections increases the Tevatron reach on leptoquark masses by up to 40 GeV and the LHC reach by up to 200 GeV. (C) 2003 Published by Elsevier B.V. B.V.

Strong-interaction effects in stop pair production at e+e- colliders

We discuss perturbative and non-perturbative strong-interaction effects in the pair production of stop squarks (t̃1) at e+e- colliders. Events with an additional hard gluon allow to detect or exclude t̃1t̃*1 production even in scenarios with very small mass splitting between ti and an invisible lightest supersymmetric particle (LSP). Such events can also help to establish that t̃1 transforms as a triplet under SU(3)C. We also carefully study non-perturbative t̃1 fragmentation, which is currently not well understood: not only is the t̃1 fragmentation function not known very well, but also there are ambiguities in the algorithm employed to model fragmentation. We present numerical results both for CERN LEP-183 and for a proposed future e+e- collider operating at center-of-mass energy s1/2 = 500 GeV.

Criminal career-related factors among female robbers in the State of Sao Paulo, Brazil, and a presumed 'revolving-door' situation

Introduction: Risk-taking behaviors, family criminality, poverty, and poor parenting have been frequently associated with an earlier onset of criminal activities and a longer criminal career among male convicts. Objective: This study aims to identify factors related to the onset and recurrence of criminal behavior among female robbers in the State of Sao Paulo - Brazil. Method: It was a cross-sectional study carried out inside a feminine penitentiary in Sao Paulo. From June 2006 to June 2010, 175 inmates convicted only for robbery were recruited to be evaluated about family antecedents of criminal conviction, alcohol and drug misuse, impulsiveness, depressive symptoms, and psychosocial features. Results: Having family antecedents of criminal conviction consistently predicted an earlier onset of criminal activities and a longer criminal career among female robbers. Drug use in youth and the severity of drug misuse were significantly related to the initiation and recurrence of criminal behavior, respectively. Discussion: Prisons must systematically screen detainees and provide treatments for those with health problems in general. Children of inmates should obtain help to modify the negative consequences of their parents' incarceration in order to mitigate the negative consequences of pursuing this 'static' factor.

Analysing the role of short stop during the formation of synaptic terminals in Drosophila melanogaster

Diese Arbeit untersucht die Funktion des Spektraplakin Proteins Short Stop (Shot) während der strukturellen Differenzierung von synaptischen Endigungen in Drosophila melanogaster. Im Allgemeinen scheinen Proteine der Spektraplakin Familie multiple Protein-Protein Interaktionen mithilfe ihrer unterschiedlichen modularen Domänen zu vermitteln. In der vorgelegten Arbeit sollten spezifische Domänen identifiziert werden, die für die Ausbildung synaptischer Endigungen notwendig sind. Hierzu wurden shot-Funktionsverlustmutationen, für die zum Teil molekulare Information über die Mutationsereignisse erhältlich sind, anhand von verschiedenen Markern für synaptische Proteine analysiert. Ferner konnten einzelne Protein Domänen von Shot in neuronalen Geweben mithilfe des Gal4/UAS-Systems exprimiert und ihre Lokalisation untersucht werden. Darüber hinaus wurden immunohistochemische Studien unter Verwendung von Antikörpern, welche spezifisch für unterschiedliche Shot Protein Domänen sind, ausgeführt. Schließlich sollte das Yeast-two-Hybrid’-System sowie genetische Studien Interaktionspartner von Shot identifizieren. Die Unterschiedlichen experimentellen Ansätze deuten darauf hin, dass die einzelnen Protein Domänen von Shot unterschiedliche Protein-Protein Interaktionen vermitteln. Der N-Terminus von Shot scheint essentiell für die Ausbildung motorneuronaler Endigungen zu sein. Außerdem konnten mehrere potentielle Interaktionspartner identifiziert werden, so dass die hier beschriebenen Ergebnisse eine Grundlage für weitere Studien zur Untersuchung der strukturellen Differenzierung synaptischer Endigungen darstellen.

Neuronal differentiation and epithelial integrity: the role of Drosophila Short stop

The nervous system is the most complex organ in animals and the ordered interconnection of neurons is an essential prerequisite for normal behaviour. Neuronal connectivity requires controlled neuronal growth and differentiation. Neuronal growth essentially depends on the actin and microtubule cytoskeleton, and it has become increasingly clear, that crosslinking of these cytoskeletal fractions is a crucial regulatory process. The Drosophila Spectraplakin family member Short stop (Shot) is such a crosslinker and is crucial for several aspects of neuronal growth. Shot comprises various domains: An actin binding domain, a plakin-like domain, a rod domain, calcium responsive EF-hand motifs, a microtubule binding Gas2 domain, a GSR motif and a C-terminal EB1aff domain. Amongst other phenotypes, shot mutant animals exhibit severely reduced dendrites and neuromuscular junctions, the subcellular compartmentalisation of the transmembrane protein Fasciclin2 is affected, but it is also crucially required in other tissues, for example for the integrity of tendon cells, specialised epidermal cells which anchor muscles to the body wall. Despite these striking phenotypes, Shot function is little understood, and especially we do not understand how it can carry out functions as diverse as those described above. To bridge this gap, I capitalised on the genetic possibilities of the model system Drosophila melanogaster and carried out a structure-function analysis in different neurodevelopmental contexts and in tendon cells. To this end, I used targeted gene expression of existing and newly generated Shot deletion constructs in Drosophila embryos and larvae, analyses of different shot mutant alleles, and transfection of Shot constructs into S2 cells or cultured fibroblasts. My analyses reveal that a part of the Shot C-terminus is not essential in the nervous system but in tendon cells where it stabilises microtubules. The precise molecular mechanism underlying this activity is not yet elucidated but, based on the findings presented here, I have developed three alternative testable hypothesis. Thus, either binding of the microtubule plus-end tracking molecule EB1 through an EB1aff domain, microtubulebundling through a GSR rich motif or a combination of both may explain a context-specific requirement of the Shot C-terminus for tendon cell integrity. Furthermore, I find that the calcium binding EF-hand motif in Shot is exclusively required for a subset of neuronal functions of Shot but not in the epidermal tendon cells. These findings pave the way for complementary studies studying the impact of [Ca2+] on Shot function. Besides these differential requirements of Shot domains I find, that most Shot domains are required in the nervous system and tendon cells alike. Thus the microtubule Gas2 domain shows no context specific requirements and is equally essential in all analysed cellular contexts. Furthermore, I could demonstrate a partial requirement of the large spectrin-repeat rod domain of Shot in neuronal and epidermal contexts. I demonstrate that this domain is partially required in processes involving growth and/or tissue stability but dispensable for cellular processes where no mechanical stress resistance is required. In addition, I demonstrate that the CH1 domain a part of the N-terminal actin binding domain of Shot is only partially required for all analysed contexts. Thus, I conclude that Shot domains are functioning different in various cellular environments. In addition my study lays the base for future projects, such as the elucidation of Shot function in growth cones. Given the high degree of conservation between Shot and its mammalian orthologues MACF1/ACF7 and BPAG1, I believe that the findings presented in this study will contribute to the general understanding of spectraplakins across species borders.

Skin repair optimization for the airbus A350XWB cargo door surround

The aim of the thesis is to design and verify a doubler for the Airbus A350XWB cargo door surround. The software used for the design is Catia and the software used for the doubler verification are Patran and Nastran.

Last stop expulsion - The minority question and forced migration in East-Central Europe: 1918-49

This article deals with the European minorities in the period between the two world wars and with their final expulsion from nation-states at the end of World War II. First, the tensions which arose between the organised minorities and the successor states of the Habsburg Monarchy are accounted for primarily by the argument that the various minorities located within the successor states had already undergone a comprehensive processes of nationalisation within the Habsburg Empire. Therefore they were able to resist assimilation by the political elites of the new titular nations (Czechs, Poles, Rumanians, Serbs). A second topic is that of the use made of the minorities issue by Adolf Hitler to help achieve his expansionist aims. The minorities issue was central to the international destabilisation of interwar Europe. Finally, the mass expulsion of minorities (above all, Germans) after the end of the war is explained by strategic considerations on the part of the Allied powers as well as involving the nation-state regimes. It is argued, against a commonly held view, that German atrocities during the period of occupation had little to do with the decision to expel most ethnic Germans from their territories of settlement in Poland, Czechoslovakia and Yugoslavia. The article shows that it is necessary to treat national minorities in the first half of the twentieth century as a single phenomenon which shares similar features across the various nation-states of East-Central Europe.