Combinations of prognostic tools for identification of high-risk normotensive patients with acute symptomatic pulmonary embolism

In haemodynamically stable patients with acute symptomatic pulmonary embolism (PE), studies have not evaluated the usefulness of combining the measurement of cardiac troponin, transthoracic echocardiogram (TTE), and lower extremity complete compression ultrasound (CCUS) testing for predicting the risk of PE-related death.

Incidence of HIV-1 drug resistance among antiretroviral treatment-naive individuals starting modern therapy combinations

Estimates of drug resistance incidence to modern first-line combination antiretroviral therapies against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 are complicated by limited availability of genotypic drug resistance tests (GRTs) and uncertain timing of resistance emergence.

Concept Fire Truck

A prototype Concept Fire Truck was designed using Autodesk Inventor 3D Design Software. Various pictures of old-time and toy fire trucks were utilized for this project. The prototype was printed using a 3D printer to verify that all parts of the truck would fit and work as intended.

When do combinations of diuretics make sense?

Diuretics are commonly prescribed by physicians to contract the ECF volume. In two clinical situations combining different classes of diuretics make sense: First, if a loop diuretic at maximal dose alone does not lead to sufficient diuresis or second, if the side effect of a diuretic needs to be corrected by adding a diuretic of another class. The latter is clinically often used to counteract loop or thiazide diuretic-induced hypokalemia by the addition of a potassium sparing diuretic. Key to a reasonable combination of diuretics is understanding of the pharmaco-kinetics and knowledge of the molecular targets of the diuretics involved.

Which Combinations Of New Venture Firms Resources Payoff? A Configurational Perspective

Baldauf, Artur; Schweiger, Simone A.; Wuethrich, Adrian

Erster u. Ander Theil Jüdischer Historien, oder thalmuhdischer Legenden, so von den Jüden als warhafftige und heylige Geschicht an ihren Sabbathen und Feyertagen gelesen werden : auss ihren eigenen Büchern in Truck teutsch verfertiget, von nevem ubrsehen u. corr. durch ...

Christophrum Helvicum

Combinations of dexmedetomidine and alfaxalone with butorphanol in cats: application of an innovative stepwise optimisation method to identify optimal clinical doses for intramuscular anaesthesia

OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to optimise dexmedetomidine and alfaxalone dosing, for intramuscular administration with butorphanol, to perform minor surgeries in cats. METHODS Initially, cats were assigned to one of five groups, each composed of six animals and receiving, in addition to 0.3 mg/kg butorphanol intramuscularly, one of the following: (A) 0.005 mg/kg dexmedetomidine, 2 mg/kg alfaxalone; (B) 0.008 mg/kg dexmedetomidine, 1.5 mg/kg alfaxalone; (C) 0.012 mg/kg dexmedetomidine, 1 mg/kg alfaxalone; (D) 0.005 mg/kg dexmedetomidine, 1 mg/kg alfaxalone; and (E) 0.012 mg/kg dexmedetomidine, 2 mg/kg alfaxalone. Thereafter, a modified 'direct search' method, conducted in a stepwise manner, was used to optimise drug dosing. The quality of anaesthesia was evaluated on the basis of composite scores (one for anaesthesia and one for recovery), visual analogue scales and the propofol requirement to suppress spontaneous movements. The medians or means of these variables were used to rank the treatments; 'unsatisfactory' and 'promising' combinations were identified to calculate, through the equation first described by Berenbaum in 1990, new dexmedetomidine and alfaxalone doses to be tested in the next step. At each step, five combinations (one new plus the best previous four) were tested. RESULTS None of the tested combinations resulted in adverse effects. Four steps and 120 animals were necessary to identify the optimal drug combination (0.014 mg/kg dexmedetomidine, 2.5 mg/kg alfaxalone and 0.3 mg/kg butorphanol). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE The investigated drug mixture, at the doses found with the optimisation method, is suitable for cats undergoing minor clinical procedures.

Zwey gar schöne Newe Weltliche Lieder, welche vormahlß nie inn Truck außgangen : Das Erste. Ach mein liebes Blümichen, und meine liebe Rose, etc. ...

In Fraktur

Bayesian adaptive designs for drug combinations in early phase clinical trials

Treating patients with combined agents is a growing trend in cancer clinical trials. Evaluating the synergism of multiple drugs is often the primary motivation for such drug-combination studies. Focusing on the drug combination study in the early phase clinical trials, our research is composed of three parts: (1) We conduct a comprehensive comparison of four dose-finding designs in the two-dimensional toxicity probability space and propose using the Bayesian model averaging method to overcome the arbitrariness of the model specification and enhance the robustness of the design; (2) Motivated by a recent drug-combination trial at MD Anderson Cancer Center with a continuous-dose standard of care agent and a discrete-dose investigational agent, we propose a two-stage Bayesian adaptive dose-finding design based on an extended continual reassessment method; (3) By combining phase I and phase II clinical trials, we propose an extension of a single agent dose-finding design. We model the time-to-event toxicity and efficacy to direct dose finding in two-dimensional drug-combination studies. We conduct extensive simulation studies to examine the operating characteristics of the aforementioned designs and demonstrate the designs' good performances in various practical scenarios.^

Simulating improved combinations tillage-rotation under dryland conditions.

The adequate combination of reduced tillage and crop rotation could increase the viability of dry land agriculture in Mediterrenean zones. Crop simulation models can support to examine various tillage-rotation combinations and explore management scenarios. The decision support system for agrotechnology transfer (DSSAT) (Hoogenboom et al., 2010) provides a suite of crop models suitable for this task. The objective of this work was to simulate the effects of two tillage systems, conventional tillage (ConvT) and no tillage (NoT), and three crop rotations, continuous cereal (CC), fallow-cereal (FallowC) and legume-cereal (LegumeC), under dry conditions, on the cereal yield, soil organic carbon (SOC) and nitrogen (SON) in a 15-year experiment, comparing these simulations with field observations.