GANEing traction: the broad applicability of NE hotspots to diverse cognitive and arousal phenomena

GANE proposes that local glutamate-norepinephrine interactions enable “winner-take-more” effects in perception and memory under arousal. A diverse range of commentaries addressed both the nature of this ‘hotspot’ feedback mechanism and its implications in a variety of psychological domains, inspiring exciting avenues for future research.

DC traction load flow including AC distribution network

In the first part some information and characterisation about an AC distribution network that feeds traction substations and their possible influences on the DC traction load flow are presented. Those influences are investigated and mathematically modelled. To corroborate the mathematical model, an example is presented and their results are confronted with real measurements.

Second-order model for remote and close-up short-circuit faults currents on DC traction supply

A technique to calculate the current waveform for both close-up and remote short-circuit faults on DC supplied railways and subways is presented. Exact DC short-circuit current calculation is best performed by sophisticated computer transient simulations. However, an accurate simplified calculation method based on second-order approximation which can be easily executed with the help of a calculator or a spreadsheet program is proposed.

Dystopian visions of global capitalism : Philip Reeve's Mortal Engines and M. T. Anderson's Feed

This article examines Philip Reeve’s novel for children, Mortal Engines, and M.T. Anderson’s young adult novel, Feed, by assessing these dystopias as prototypical texts of what Ulrich Beck calls risk society. Through their visions of a fictional future, the two narratives explore the hazards created by contemporary techno-economic progress, predatory global politics and capitalist excesses of consumption. They implicitly pose the question: “In the absence of a happy ending for western civilisation, what kind of children can survive in dystopia?”

Aeroplane engines from inside of plane SFX

A sound effect, made on a generator, that mimics the sound of aeroplane engines when sitting inside a plane during embarkation.

Bias and size effects of price-comparison search engines : theory and experimental evidence

We analyze the impact on consumer prices of the size and bias of price comparison search engines. In the context of a model related to Burdett and Judd (1983) and Varian (1980), we develop and test experimentally several theoretical predictions. The experimental results confirm the model’s predictions regarding the impact of the number of firms, and the type of bias of the search engine, but reject the model’s predictions regarding changes in the size of the index. The explanatory power of an econometric model for the price distributions is significantly improved when variables accounting for risk attitudes are introduced.

Determination of ecological efficiency in internal combustion engines: The use of biodiesel

This paper evaluates and quantifies the environmental impact from the use of some renewable fuels and fossils fuels in internal combustion engines. The following fuels are evaluated: gasoline blended with anhydrous ethyl alcohol (anhydrous ethanol), conventional diesel fuel, biodiesel in pure form and blended with diesel fuel, and natural gas. For the case of biodiesel, its complete life cycle and the closed carbon cycle (photosynthesis) were considered. The ecological efficiency concept depends on the environmental impact caused by CO(2), SO(2), NO(x) and particulate material (PM) emissions. The exhaust gases from internal combustion engines, in the case of the gasoline (blended with alcohol), biodiesel and biodiesel blended with conventional diesel, are the less polluting; on the other hand, the most polluting are those related to conventional diesel. They can cause serious problems to the environment because of their dangerous components for the human, animal and vegetable life. The resultant pollution of each one of the mentioned fuels are analyzed, considering separately CO(2), SO(2), NO(x) and particulate material (PM) emissions. As conclusion, it is possible to calculate an environmental factor that represents, qualitatively and quantitative, the emissions in internal combustion engines that are mostly used in urban transport. Biodiesel in pure form (B100) and blended with conventional diesel as fuel for engines pollute less than conventional diesel fuel. The ecological efficiency for pure biodiesel (B100) is 86.75%: for biodiesel blended with conventional diesel fuel (B20, 20% biodiesel and 80% diesel), it is 78.79%. Finally, the ecological efficiency for conventional diesel, when used in engines, is 77.34%; for gasoline, it is 82.52%, and for natural gas, it is 91.95%. All these figures considered a thermal efficiency of 30% for the internal combustion engine. Crown Copyright (C) 2008 Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Preconcentration and determination of metal ions in commercial ethanol used as fuel for automotive engines

The present investigation reports the synthesis, characterization, and adsorption properties of a new nanomaterial based on organomodified silsesquioxane nanocages. The adsorption isotherms for CuCl,, CoCl2, ZnCl2, NiCl2, and FeCl3 from ethanol solutions were performed by using the batchwise method. The equilibrium condition is reached very quickly (3 min), indicating that the adsorption sites are well exposed. The results obtained in the flow experiments, showed a recovery of ca. 100% of the metal ions adsorbed in a column packed with 2 g of the nanomaterial, using 5 mL of 1.0 mol L-1 HCl solution as eluent. The sorption-desorption of the metal ions made possible the development of a method for preconcentration and determination of metal ions at trace level in commercial ethanol, used as fuel for car engines. The values determined by recommended method for plants 1, 2, and 3 indicated an amount of copper of 51, 60, and 78 mu g L-1, and of iron of 2, 15, and 13 mu g L-1, respectively. These values are very close to those determined by conventional analytical methods. Thus, these similar values demonstrated the accuracy of the determination by recommended method.

Equine infectios anemia of traction equids in the Cuiaba Districty, MT, Brazil

The present study it had for objective to search the AIE in equids traction of the city of Cuiaba, of which if it extracted an inquiry epidemiologist and a sampling of blood serum of 113 animals (110 equines and 3 mules) that they transited for the public ways. The sampling of the animals was random how much to the age (of 8 months the 20 years) and sex of the animals where 67 (60.9%) were of females and 46 (41.8%), of males, with a average of 22 working hours per week. The samples of blood had been analyzed by means of the technique of AGID test. The results of the blood tests had indicated that of the 110 examined samples of blood serum of the equines, thirteen (11.8%) were positive, being seven of female (10.4% of the total of females) and 6 males (13.0% of the total of males), all no symptoms animals and the age of the positive animals was concentrated in the band of 6 10 years, representing 84.6% (11 animals). The results of the blood tests had also indicated that of three mules analyzed, 1 (33.3%) was positive.

New option for anterior traction of the face by using a cervical collar

This case required anteroposterior traction of the maxilla. Once none of the traditional methods could be used because of the lack of support in the chin and in the frontal region. Thus, we opted to use a cervical collar.

Object oriented modeling of piston engines

This work reports a conception phase of a piston engine global model. The model objective is forecast the motor performance (power, torque and specific consumption as a function of rotation and environmental conditions). Global model or Zero-dimensional is based on flux balance through each engine component. The resulting differential equations represents a compressive unsteady flow, in which, all dimensional variables are areas or volumes. A review is presented first. The ordinary differential equation system is presented and a Runge-Kutta method is proposed to solve it numerically. The model includes the momentum conservation equation to link the gas dynamics with the engine moving parts rigid body mechanics. As an oriented to objects model the documentation follows the UML standard. A discussion about the class diagrams is presented, relating the classes with physical model related. The OOP approach allows evolution from simple models to most complex ones without total code rewrite. Copyright © 2001 Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc.

Can Latin America fly?: revising the engines of growth

Includes bibliography