Data compilation of ESOP

The work in this sub-project of ESOP focuses on the advective and convective transforma-tion of water masses in the Greenland Sea and its neighbouring areas. It includes observational work on the sub-mesoscale and analysis of hydrographic data up to the gyre-scale. Observations of active convective plumes were made with a towed chain equipped with up to 80 CTD sensors, giving a horizontal and vertical resolution of the hydrographic fields of a few metres. The observed scales of the penetrative convective plumes compare well with those given by theory. On the mesoscale the structure of homogeneous eddies formed as a result of deep convection was observed and the associated mixing and renewal of the intermediate layers quantified. The relative importance and efficiency of thermal and haline penetrative convection in relation to the surface boundary conditions (heat and salt fluxes and ice cover) and the ambient stratification are studied using the multi year time series of hydro-graphic data in the central Greenland Sea. The modification of the water column of the Greenland Sea gyre through advection from and mixing with water at its rim is assessed on longer time scales. The relative contributions are quantified using modern water mass analysis methods based on inverse techniques. Likewise the convective renewal and the spreading of the Arctic Intermediate Water from its formation area is quantified. The aim is to budget the heat and salt content of the water column, in particular of the low salinity surface layer, and to relate its seasonal and interannual variability to the lateral fluxes and the fluxes at the air-sea-ice interface. This will allow to estimate residence times for the different layers of the Greenland Sea gyre, a quantity important for the description of the Polar Ocean carbon cycle.

Sedimentological, mineralogical, biogeochemical and micropaleontological parameters on sediment core PS69/849-2, Burton Basin, MacRobertson Shelf, East Antarctica

A multi-proxy study including sedimentological, mineralogical, biogeochemical and micropaleontological methods was conducted on sediment core PS69/849-2 retrieved from Burton Basin, MacRobertson Shelf, East Antarctica. The goal of this study was to depict the deglacial and Holocene environmental history of the MacRobertson Land-Prydz Bay region. A special focus was put on the timing of ice-sheet retreat and the variability of bottom-water formation due to sea ice formation through the Holocene. Results from site PS69/849-2 provide the first paleo-environmental record of Holocene variations in bottom-water production probably associated to the Cape Darnley polynya, which is the second largest polynya in the Antarctic. Methods included end-member modeling of laser-derived high-resolution grain size data to reconstruct the depositional regimes and bottom-water activity. The provenance of current-derived and ice-transported material was reconstructed using clay-mineral and heavy-mineral analysis. Conclusions on biogenic production were drawn by determination of biogenic opal and total organic carbon. It was found that the ice shelf front started to retreat from the site around 12.8 ka BP. This coincides with results from other records in Prydz Bay and suggests warming during the early Holocene optimum next to global sea level rise as the main trigger. Ice-rafted debris was then supplied to the site until 5.5 cal. ka BP, when Holocene global sea level rise stabilized and glacial isostatic rebound on MacRobertson Land commenced. Throughout the Holocene, three episodes of enhanced bottom-water activity probably due to elevated brine rejection in Cape Darnley polynya occured between 11.5 and 9 cal. ka BP, 5.6 and 4.5 cal. ka BP and since 1.5 cal. ka BP. These periods are related to shifts from warmer to cooler conditions at the end of Holocene warm periods, in particular the early Holocene optimum, the mid-Holocene warm period and at the beginning of the neoglacial. In contrast, between 7.7 and 6.7 cal. ka BP, brine rejection shut down, maybe owed to warm conditions and pronounced open-water intervals.

The making of the great West; 1512-1883,

Mode of access: Internet.

La carrière d'un favori; Jacques d'Albon de Saint-André, maréchal de France, 1512-1562.

Mode of access: Internet.

Historia de Antonio de Herrera ... de los sucessos de Francia desde el año de 1585 que començo la liga Catolica hasta en [sic] fin del año 1594 ...

CCBE. S. XVI

Las leyes del Reyno de Nauarra, hechas en Cortes Generales, a suplicación de los tres Estados del, desde el año 1512 hasta el de 1612 /

Escudo xilográfico en la portada.

Novissima recopilación de las leyes del Reino de Navarra hechas en sus Cortes Generales desde el desde el año de 1512 hasta el de 1716,inclusive /

Frontispicio calcográfico con el escudo de Navarra, firmado: "en Pamplona. La Cruz fz."

Mercurii Gallobelgici siue Rerum in Gallia & Belgio potissimum ; Ungaria quoque, Transyluania, Turcia, Polonia Germania, Italia, Hispania, Anglia, alijsque Europae regnis & prouincijs ab anni 1594 mense iulio usque ad annum 1596 gestarum ... ; tomus tertius ... cum appendice ab initio anni 1596 ... /

Mode of access: Internet.

Mercurii Gallobelgici siue Rerum in Gallia et Belgio potissimum ; Hispania quoque, Italia, Anglia, Germania, Polonia, vicinisq[ue] locis ab anno 1588 ad martium anni praesentis 1594 gestarum. Nuncii tomus primus ; sex priores libros comprehendens /

Mode of access: Internet.

Satyre menippée de la vertu du catholicon d'Espagne. De la tenue des etats de Paris durant la ligue, suivant la coppie imprimée de l'an 1594 ...

Mode of access: Internet.

Nature in Italian art; a study of landscape backgrounds, from Giotto to Tintoretto,

"Topographical index": p. 301-308.

A knack to know a knave; date of the first known edition, 1594 (Dyce collection at S. Kensington) reproduced in facsimile, 1911.

Mode of access: Internet.