Reação de tecido subcutâneo ao cimento Portland modificado (CPM)

Introdução: o objetivo do estudo foi avaliar a resposta do tecido subcutâneo de ratos a implantes de tubos de polietileno com cimento Portland modificado (CPM) (EGEO S.R.L., Buenos Aires, Argentina) comparado com o MTA Angelus® (Angelus, Londrina/PR). Métodos: esses materiais foram colocados em tubos de polietileno e implantados no tecido conjuntivo dorsal de ratos Wistar por 7, 15, 30, 60 e 90 dias. Os espécimes foram preparados e corados com hematoxilina e eosina ou Von Kossa, ou não corados por luz polarizada. Foram realizadas avaliações quantitativas e qualitativas das reações. Resultados: ambos os materiais causaram reações moderadas em 7 dias, decaindo com o tempo. O MTA Angelus causou reações leves em 15 dias, decaindo com o tempo. A resposta foi similar ao controle em 30, 60 e 90 dias com CPM e MTA Angelus. Foram observadas mineralização e granulações birrefringentes à luz polarizada em ambos os materiais. Conclusões: foi possível concluir que o CPM e o MTA Angelus foram biocompatíveis em modelo de rato e estimularam a mineralização.

Diagnóstico laboratorial de Mycobacterium spp. em Botucatu e região, utilizando a técnica Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase (PCR) em material biológico e avaliação de condições associadas

Pós-graduação em Saúde Coletiva - FMB

Estudo da ativação da superfície de alumínio por íons de mercúrio e formação do amálgama Hg-Al: identificação do produto e cinética de reação

The activation of aluminum surface has the most various purposes as for example the search for the surface activation mechanism and the corrosion products by mercury ions. The objective of this work is to study the reactivity of the surface of aluminum metal when activated by mercury ions (Hg2+), with the consequent formation of an Al-Hg amalgam. Results demonstrate that the kinetics of the reaction, by measuring the mass change with time of the corrosion product formed between Al and Hg, and analysis by infrared spectroscopy (IR) that the product of the reaction between the amalgam, located on the surface, and the atmospheric oxygen is Al2O3 (aluminum hydroxide). The results also indicate that the kinetics of the reaction between the amalgam (Hg-Al) and atmospheric oxygen is of first order and reach a region where there is no more formation of product

Estudo do efeito modulador do macrolídeo tilosina na reação inflamatória aguda de tilápias do Nilo (Oreochromis niloticus), vacinadas e desafiadas com Streptococcus agalactiae

Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária - FCAV

Estudo da reação de epoxidação do óleo de soja em condição de remoção de calor máxima.

Óleo de soja epoxidado (OSE) é um produto químico há muito tempo utilizado como co-estabilizante e plastificante secundário do poli (cloreto de vinila) (PVC), ou seja, como um material que tem limitações na quantidade máxima que pode ser usada no composto de PVC. A sua aplicação como plastificante primário, ou seja, como o principal elemento plastificante no composto de PVC, e como base para outros plastificantes de fontes renováveis, tem aumentado nos últimos anos, principalmente devido a melhorias de desempenho e à redução do custo do OSE em comparação com plastificantes tradicionais. A reação de epoxidação do óleo de soja é bem conhecida e ocorre em duas fases líquidas, com reações em ambas as fases, e transferência de massa entre as fases. O processo industrial mais utilizado conta com formação in-situ do ácido perfórmico, através da adição gradativa do principal reagente, o peróxido de hidrogênio a uma mistura agitada de ácido fórmico e óleo de soja refinado. Industrialmente, o processo é realizado em batelada, controlando a adição do reagente peróxido de hidrogênio de forma que a geração de calor não ultrapasse a capacidade de resfriamento do sistema. O processo tem um ciclo que pode variar entre 8 e 12 horas para atingir a conversão desejada, fazendo com que a capacidade de produção seja dependente de investimentos relativamente pesados em reatores agitados mecanicamente, que apresentam diversos riscos de segurança. Estudos anteriores não exploram em profundidade algumas potenciais áreas de otimização e redução das limitações dos processos, como a intensificação da transferência de calor, que permite a redução do tempo total de reação. Este trabalho avalia experimentalmente e propõe uma modelagem para a reação de epoxidação do óleo de soja em condições de remoção de calor máxima, o que permite que os reagentes sejam adicionados em sua totalidade no início da reação, simplificando o processo. Um modelo foi ajustado aos dados experimentais. O coeficiente de troca térmica, cuja estimativa teórica pode incorrer em erros significativos, foi calculado a partir de dados empíricos e incluído na modelagem, acrescentando um fator de variabilidade importante em relação aos modelos anteriores. O estudo propõe uma base teórica para potenciais alternativas aos processos adotados atualmente, buscando entender as condições necessárias e viáveis em escala industrial para redução do ciclo da reação, podendo inclusive apoiar potenciais estudos de implementação de um reator contínuo, mais eficiente e seguro, para esse processo.

Reação de genótipos de cafeeiro à Hemileia vastatrix e à Cercospora coffeicola

Coffee plants were introduced in Brazil in the Northern State of Para around 1727. Two major diseases have affected coffee trees in the country. One is rust, caused by fungus Hemileia vastatrix and accountable for production losses up to 50%. The other one is Cercospora leaf spot, caused by fungus Cercospora coffeicola endemic to all Brazilian coffee farms and, therefore, economically critical due to production losses both in the plant nursery and in the field. Availability of resistant varieties has been a constant challenge for breeders. Research programs play an important role in the search for new resistant and/or tolerant genotypes, since over time plants can become susceptible to new, genetically variable races of pathogens. This study aimed to evaluate the incidence and severity of such diseases, the resistance of different coffee genotypes to H. vastatrix and C. coffeicola pathogens, as well as the productivity of said genotypes in dense planting system. The experimental design consisted of randomized blocks, with twelve genotypes (treatments) and two replications (blocks). SISVAR® program was used to analyze data and compare them building on Scott-Knott test and Tukey’s test with a probability of 5%. Disease incidence and severity percentage were assessed for both Cercospora leaf spot and rust. Means were used to calculate the area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) of both diseases. As to rust, the most resistant genotypes were H586-6, IBC 12, and H556-7 H567-6. As to Cercospora leaf spot and productivity, no statistical differences were found across genotypes. The dense planting system did not impair plant development, but favored disease evolution given the microclimate it produces.

O uso da PCR em tempo real para o estudo da carga parasitária e dos níveis transcricionais durante a infecção experimental por Trypanosoma cruzi

Trypanosoma cruzi is causative agent of Chagas disease, one of most neglected tropical diseases. Estimated that about 11 million people worldwide are infected by T. cruzi and about 6 to 7 million people are at risk in endemic areas. During the process of invasion of host and parasite interact enabling signal transduction and gene expression modulation in response to invasion. The diversity of activated proteins and pathways to repair the damage by disruption of the plasma membrane interest to us and thus present study developed a new form of detection and quantitation by polymerase chain reaction in real time (qPCR) of parasitic load T. cruzi and quantified transcriptional levels relative (RT-qPCR) of dysferlin, Sphingomyelin acid esferase (ASM), transcription factor EB (TFEB) Galectins 1 and 3 and Annexin A2. This study demonstrated that quantification by real time PCR using primers P21fw and P21rv was specific and sensitive for detection of T. cruzi in vivo and in vitro, as well as transcriptional levels of genes related to cytoskeletal organization and repair plasma membrane are modulated in response to damage generated by parasite.

Degradação do PMMA através da reação despolimerização uitlizando catalisadores de óxidos mistos

In this work, mixed oxides were synthesized by two methods: polymeric precursor and gel-combustion. The oxides, Niquelate of Lanthanum, Cobaltate of Lanthanum and Cuprate of Lanthanum were synthesized by the polymeric precursor method, and treated at 300 º C for 2 hours, calcined at 800 º C for 6h in air atmosphere. In gel-combustion method were produced and oxides using urea and citric acid as fuel, forming for each fuel the following oxides Ferrate of Lanthanum, Cobaltato of Lanthanum and Ferrato of Cobalt and Lanthanum, which were submitted to the combustion process assisted by microwave power maximum of 10min. The samples were characterized by: thermogravimetric analysis, X-ray diffraction; fisisorção of N2 (BET method) and scanning electron microscopy. The reactions catalytic of depolymerization of poly (methyl methacrylate), were performed in a reactor of silica, with catalytic and heating system equipped with a data acquisition system and the gas chromatograph. For the catalysts synthesized using the polymeric precursor method, the cuprate of lanthanum was best for the depolymerization of the recycled polymer, obtaining 100% conversion in less time 554 (min), and the pure polymer, was the Niquelate of Lanthanum, with 100% conversion in less time 314 (min). By gel-combustion method using urea as fuel which was the best result obtained Ferrate of Lanthanum for the pure polymer with 100% conversion in less time 657 (min), and the recycled polymer was Cobaltate of Lanthanum with 100 % conversion in less time 779 (min). And using citric acid to obtain the best result for the pure polymer, was Ferrate of Lanthanum with 100% conversion in less time 821 (min and) for the recycled polymer, was Ferrate of Lanthanum with 98.28% conversion in less time 635 (min)

Síntese de peptóides lineares e cíclicos via reação multicomponente de Ugi e cicloadição Azido/Alcino catalisada por cobre, realizada sob regime de fluxo contínuo

Tese (doutorado)–Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Química, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química, 2015.

GATEKEEPING, GATEWATCHING, REALIMENTAÇÃO EM TEMPO REAL: novos desafios para o Jornalismo

Faz vários anos que se sabe como os blogueiros e outros comentaristas on-line independentes criticam, corrigem, e de outra maneira desafiam o jornalismo convencional, porém isto ainda não foi plenamente aceito pelos jornalistas; as hostilidades entre as empresas de mídia e a nova geração de jornalistas cidadãos continuam a irromper de vez em quando. O antigo monopólio de gatekeeping mantido pela mídia de massa tem sido desafiado pela nova prática de gatewatching: feita pelos blogueiros individuais e pelas comunidades de comentaristas que podem não fazer reportagem das notícias de primeira mão, porém fazem a curation e avaliam as notícias e outras informações fornecidas pelas fontes oficiais, e assim prestam um serviço importante. E isto ocorre atualmente com cada vez mais rapidez, quase em tempo real: usando as redes sociais mais recentes, que divulgam, compartilham, comentam, questionam e desacreditam as matérias noticiosas dentro de minutos, e usando plataformas adicionais que possibilitam a colaboração ad hoc rápida e eficaz entre os usuários. Quando centenas de voluntários podem provar dentro de alguns poucos dias que um ministro alemão foi culpado de plágio sério, quando o mundo inteiro fica sabendo de terremotos e tsunamis pelo Twitter – como é que o jornalismo consegue acompanhar tudo isto?

Photodissociation of TEMPO-modified peptides: New approaches to radical-directed dissociation of biomolecules

Radical-directed dissociation of gas phase ions is emerging as a powerful and complementary alternative to traditional tandem mass spectrometric techniques for biomolecular structural analysis. Previous studies have identified that coupling of 2-[(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-oxyl)methyl] benzoic acid (TEMPO-Bz) to the N-terminus of a peptide introduces a labile oxygen-carbon bond that can be selectively activated upon collisional activation to produce a radical ion. Here we demonstrate that structurally-defined peptide radical ions can also be generated upon UV laser photodissociation of the same TEMPO-Bz derivatives in a linear ion-trap mass spectrometer. When subjected to further mass spectrometric analyses, the radical ions formed by a single laser pulse undergo identical dissociations as those formed by collisional activation of the same precursor ion, and can thus be used to derive molecular structure. Mapping the initial radical formation process as a function of photon energy by photodissociation action spectroscopy reveals that photoproduct formation is selective but occurs only in modest yield across the wavelength range (300-220 nm), with the photoproduct yield maximised between 235 and 225 nm. Based on the analysis of a set of model compounds, structural modifications to the TEMPO-Bz derivative are suggested to optimise radical photoproduct yield. Future development of such probes offers the advantage of increased sensitivity and selectivity for radical-directed dissociation. © 2014 the Owner Societies.

Oxidation of 4-substituted TEMPO derivatives reveals modifications at the 1-and 4-positions

Potenital pathways for the deactivation of hindered amine light stabilisers (HALS) have been investigated by observing reactions of model compounds-based on 4-substituted derivatives of 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-N-oxyl (TEMPO)-with hydroxyl radicals. In these reactions, dilute aqueous suspensions of photocatalytic nanoparticulate titanium dioxide were irradiated with UV light in the presence of water-soluble TEMPO derivatives. Electron spin resonance (ESR) and electrospray ionisation mass-spectrometry (ESI-MS) data were acquired to provide complementary structural elucidation of the odd-and even-electron products of these reactions and both techniques show evidence for the formation of 4-oxo-TEMPO (TEMPONE). TEMPONE formation from the 4-substituted TEMPO compounds is proposed to be initiated by hydrogen abstraction at the 4-position by hydroxyl radical. High-level ab initio calculations reveal a thermodynamic preference for abstraction of this hydrogen but computed activation barriers indicate that, although viable, it is less favoured than hydrogen abstraction from elsewhere on the TEMPO scaffold. If a radical is formed at the 4-position however, calculations elucidate two reaction pathways leading to TEMPONE following combination with either a second hydroxyl radical or dioxygen. An alternate mechanism for conversion of TEMPOL to TEMPONE via an alkoxyl radical intermediate is also considered and found to be competitive with the other pathways. ESI-MS analysis also shows an increased abundance of analogous 4-substituted piperidines during the course of irradiation, suggesting competitive modification at the 1-position to produce a secondary amine. This modification is confirmed by characteristic fragmentation patterns of the ionised piperidines obtained by tandem mass spectrometry. The conclusions describe how reaction at the 4-position could be responsible for the gradual depletion of HALS in pigmented surface coatings and secondly, that modification at nitrogen to form the corresponding secondary amine species may play a greater role in the stabilisation mechanisms of HALS than previously considered.

Not drowning, (hand)waving? Molecular phylogenetics, biogeography and evolutionary tempo of the ‘Gondwanan’ midge Stictocladius Edwards (Diptera: Chironomidae)

Many insect clades, especially within the Diptera (true flies), have been considered classically ‘Gondwanan’, with an inference that distributions derive from vicariance of the southern continents. Assessing the role that vicariance has played in the evolution of austral taxa requires testing the location and tempo of diversification and speciation against the well-established predictions of fragmentation of the ancient super-continent. Several early (anecdotal) hypotheses that current austral distributions originate from the breakup of Gondwana derive from studies of taxa within the family Chironomidae (non-biting midges). With the advent of molecular phylogenetics and biogeographic analytical software, these studies have been revisited and expanded to test such conclusions better. Here we studied the midge genus Stictocladius Edwards, from the subfamily Orthocladiinae, which contains austral-distributed clades that match vicariance-based expectations. We resolve several issues of systematic relationships among morphological species and reveal cryptic diversity within many taxa. Time-calibrated phylogenetic relationships among taxa accorded partially with the predicted tempo from geology. For these apparently vagile insects, vicariance-dated patterns persist for South America and Australia. However, as often found, divergence time estimates for New Zealand at c. 50 mya post-date separation of Zealandia from Antarctica and the remainder of Gondwana, but predate the proposed Oligocene ‘drowning’ of these islands. We detail other such ‘anomalous’ dates and suggest a single common explanation rather than stochastic processes. This could involve synchronous establishment following recovery from ‘drowning’ and/or deleteriously warming associated with the mid-Eocene climatic optimum (hence ‘waving’, which refers to cycles of drowning events) plus new availability of topography providing of cool running waters, or all these factors in combination. Alternatively a vicariance explanation remains available, given the uncertain duration of connectivity of Zealandia to Australia–Antarctic–South America via the Lord Howe and Norfolk ridges into the Eocene.

Ascensão do judiciário e tensão institucional : judicialização, ativismo e reação do poder legislativo (PEC 33/2011)

Analisa questões sobre a judicialização dos conflitos e o ativismo judicial, bem como aspectos referentes à Proposta de Emenda Constitucional (PEC 33/2011) que visa alterar dispositivos do texto magno a fim de aumentar ou criar o controle do Legislativo sobre algumas das decisões do Supremo Tribunal Federal.

Cômputo do tempo de serviço voluntário para ingresso na universidade

Consultoria Legislativa - Área XVII - Segurança Pública e Defesa Nacional.