397 resultados para Sabina
Resumo:
Este trabalho tem por objetivo principal, demonstrar a importância da accountability na gestão das políticas públicas e sociais. Por meio da evolução histórica brasileira, foi verificado o trato da democracia e da participação social nas ações públicas, considerando o controle, a responsabilização e a transparência no desenvolvimento e acesso às informações das políticas públicas do Estado. Para isso, avaliou-se os controles democráticos sob a ótica dos instrumentos aplicados à alguns equipamentos públicos similares. Os equipamentos públicos utilizados para compor a análise foram: Museu Catavento, Plug Minas e Aquário Municipal de Santos, situados, respectivamente, nas cidades de São Paulo, Belo Horizonte e Santos. A partir de um estudo investigativo sobre os equipamentos, foram realizadas algumas reflexões para contribuir no fortalecimento da accountability na gestão pública.
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Over exploitation of oil deposits on land onshore or offshore, there is simultaneous generation of waste water, known as produced water, which represents the largest waste stream in the production of crude oil. The relationship between the chemical composition of oil and water production and the conditions in which this process occurs or is favored are still poorly studied. The area chosen for the study has an important oil reserve and an important aquifer saturated with freshwater meteoric. The aim of this work is to study some chemical parameters in water produced for each reservoir zone of production in mature oil fields of Açu Formation, using the hydrochemical and statistical analysis to serve as a reference and be used as tools against the indicator ranges water producers in oil producing wells. Samples were collected from different wells in 6 different areas of production and were measured 50 parameters, which can be classified into three groups: anions, cations and physicochemical properties (considering only the parameters that generated values above detection limits in all samples). Through the characterization hydrochemistry observed an area of water and chlorinated sodium, chlorinated calcium or magnesium (mixed) in well water in different areas of Açu, by applying a statistical treatment, we obtained a discriminant function that distinguishes chemically production areas. Thus, it was possible to calculate the rate of correct classification of the function was 76.3%. To validate this model the accuracy rate was 86%
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This study investigates the chemical species produced water from the reservoir areas of oil production in the field of Monte Alegre (onshore production) with a proposal of developing a model applied to the identification of the water produced in different zones or groups of zones.Starting from the concentrations of anions and cátions from water produced as input parameters in Linear Discriminate Analysis, it was possible to estimate and compare the model predictions respecting the particularities of their methods in order to ascertain which one would be most appropriate. The methods Resubstitution, Holdout Method and Lachenbruch were used for adjustment and general evaluation of the built models. Of the estimated models for Wells producing water for a single production area, the most suitable method was the "Holdout Method and had a hit rate of 90%. Discriminant functions (CV1, CV2 and CV3) estimated in this model were used to modeling new functions for samples ofartificial mixtures of produced water (producedin our laboratory) and samples of mixtures actualproduced water (water collected inwellsproducingmore thanonezone).The experiment with these mixtures was carried out according to a schedule experimental mixtures simplex type-centroid also was simulated in which the presence of water from steam injectionin these tanks fora part of amostras. Using graphs of two and three dimensions was possible to estimate the proportion of water in the production area
Resumo:
Apresenta-se um sistema computacional, denominado ICADPLUS, desenvolvido para elaboração de banco de dados, tabulação de dados, cálculo do índice CPO e análise estatística para estimação de intervalos de confiança e comparação de resultados de duas populações.Tem como objetivo apresentar método simplificado para atender necessidades de serviços de saúde na área de odontologia processando fichas utilizadas por cirurgiões dentistas em levantamentos epidemiológicos de cárie dentária. A característica principal do sistema é a dispensa de profissional especializado na área de odontologia e computação, exigindo o conhecimento mínimo de digitação por parte do usuário, pois apresenta menus simples e claros como também relatórios padronizados, sem possibilidade de erro. Possui opções para fichas de CPO segundo Klein e Palmer, CPO proposto pela OMS, CPOS segundo Klein, Palmer e Knutson, e ceo. A validação do sistema foi feita por comparação com outros métodos, permitindo recomendar sua adoção.
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Em cativeiro, Pinguins-de-Magalhães, Spheniscus magellanicus (Forster, 1781) (Sphenisciformes, Aves) são descritos como sedentários, obesos, pouco interativos e apáticos, costumam apresentar pododermatite e baixo índice de reprodução. Atualmente, existem poucos estudos relacionados a pinguins de cativeiro, dificultando o trabalho de manejo e conservação. Diferentes parâmetros podem ser utilizados para avaliação do bem estar animal, dentre eles a diversidade comportamental e repertório típico da espécie. O presente estudo objetivou avaliar o orçamento temporal e o padrão de distribuição do comportamento de um grupo de seis animais ao longo do dia e em épocas do ano distintas, e relacionar os comportamentos aos indicadores do estado de saúde dos pinguins. Foram estudados animais residentes no Parque Escola SABINA, em Santo André, SP, nos meses de janeiro, março, maio e julho de 2014. O comportamento dos animais locais foi observado por dois dias nos seguintes horários: 8h-8h50min, 9h25- 10h15min, 10h50min-11h40, 12h20-13h10, 13h40-14h30, 15h05-15h55. As lesões de pododermatite foram classificadas seguindo o escore padronizado de 1 a 3 para a classificação de pododermatite nos pinguins. Foi observado que nenhum animal apresentou lesões avançadas de calosidades nas patas, porém quatro demonstraram evolução no bumblefoot. Os animais passaram mais tempo nos seguintes comportamentos: repouso em pé, repouso deitado, nadar, banho, arrumar penas. A duração dos comportamentos variou entre os meses: no mês de julho os pinguins passaram mais tempo nadando e banhando-se e houve uma tendência de redução do repouso. A distribuição dos comportamentos entre os períodos da manhã e da tarde foi distinta dependendo do mês. Em geral, os pinguins passaram mais tempo banhando-se e nadando pela manhã e em repouso à tarde. Dessa forma, os animais apresentaram variação sazonal que seria esperada em condição de vida livre,...
Resumo:
Os Pinguins-de-Magalhães (Spheniscus magellanicus) (Forster, 1781) são aves marinhas que se reproduzem em grandes colônias nas costas da Argentina, do Chile e nas Ilhas Malvinas. Quando animais desta espécie são mantidos em cativeiro, é frequente que deixem de exibir comportamentos típicos da espécie, tornando-se sedentários e apresentando baixo índice de reprodução. Nestas condições, por passarem muito tempo fora da água sustentando todo o peso do corpo sobre as patas apoiadas em piso firme, os pinguins podem desenvolver lesões nas patas denominadas pododermatites. Tendo em vista que o padrão temporal do comportamento é alterado por estressores e que o acompanhamento deste padrão pode contribuir para a determinação do bem estar animal, avaliamos neste estudo o padrão de atividade e de uso do recinto de três fêmeas e três machos residentes no Sabina Escola Parque do Conhecimento (Santo André, SP). Os animais foram observados por 2 a 3 dias em quatro períodos: janeiro, março, maio e julho de 2014. Foram realizadas seis varreduras sucessivas a cada 7 minutos nos seguintes intervalos de horários: 8h-8h50, 9h25-10h15, 10h50-11h40, 12h20-13h10, 13h40- 14h30 e 15h05-15h55. Em cada varredura foi registrado o estado comportamental (repouso, atividade ou não visível) e a área do recinto em que cada animal se encontrava (em quadrantes). Verificamos que os animais eram ativos na maior parte das observações visíveis: 73,4% das varreduras obtidas em janeiro, 65,8% em março, 89,0% em maio e 86,3% em julho. O coeficiente de atividade foi diferente entre os intervalos de horário: teste de Friedman em janeiro (Fr(3)=20,5; p=0,001), março (Fr(3)=19,9; p=0,001), maio (Fr(3)=15,4; p=0,01) e julho (Fr(3)=17,1; p=0,005); sendo que nos primeiros intervalos da manhã os animais eram mais ativos do que à tarde (post-hoc p<0,01). O uso da região frontal do recinto era maior pela manhã, momento sem visitação pública, nos meses de...
Resumo:
OBJECTIVE: To analyze cause-specifi c mortality rates according to the relative income hypothesis. METHODS: All 96 administrative areas of the city of Sao Paulo, southeastern Brazil, were divided into two groups based on the Gini coefficient of income inequality: high (>= 0.25) and low (<0.25). The propensity score matching method was applied to control for confounders associated with socioeconomic differences among areas. RESULTS: The difference between high and low income inequality areas was statistically significant for homicide (8.57 per 10,000; 95% CI: 2.60; 14.53); ischemic heart disease (5.47 per 10,000 [95% CI 0.76; 10.17]); HIV/AIDS (3.58 per 10,000 [95% CI 0.58; 6.57]); and respiratory diseases (3.56 per 10,000 [95% CI 0.18; 6.94]). The ten most common causes of death accounted for 72.30% of the mortality difference. Infant mortality also had signifi cantly higher age-adjusted rates in high inequality areas (2.80 per 10,000 [95% CI 0.86; 4.74]), as well as among males (27.37 per 10,000 [95% CI 6.19; 48.55]) and females (15.07 per 10,000 [95% CI 3.65; 26.48]). CONCLUSIONS: The study results support the relative income hypothesis. After propensity score matching cause-specifi c mortality rates was higher in more unequal areas. Studies on income inequality in smaller areas should take proper accounting of heterogeneity of social and demographic characteristics.
Resumo:
Background Support for the adverse effect of high income inequality on population health has come from studies that focus on larger areas, such as the US states, while studies at smaller geographical areas (eg, neighbourhoods) have found mixed results. Methods We used propensity score matching to examine the relationship between income inequality and mortality rates across 96 neighbourhoods (distritos) of the municipality of Sao Paulo, Brazil. Results Prior to matching, higher income inequality distritos (Gini >= 0.25) had slightly lower overall mortality rates (2.23 per 10 000, 95% CI -23.92 to 19.46) compared to lower income inequality areas (Gini <0.25). After propensity score matching, higher inequality was associated with a statistically significant higher mortality rate (41.58 per 10 000, 95% CI 8.85 to 73.3). Conclusion In Sao Paulo, the more egalitarian communities are among some of the poorest, with the worst health profiles. Propensity score matching was used to avoid inappropriate comparisons between the health status of unequal (but wealthy) neighbourhoods versus equal (but poor) neighbourhoods. Our methods suggest that, with proper accounting of heterogeneity between areas, income inequality is associated with worse population health in Sao Paulo.
Resumo:
BACKGROUND Thrombin potently activates platelets through the protease-activated receptor PAR-1. Vorapaxar is a novel antiplatelet agent that selectively inhibits the cellular actions of thrombin through antagonism of PAR-1. METHODS We randomly assigned 26,449 patients who had a history of myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke, or peripheral arterial disease to receive vorapaxar (2.5 mg daily) or matching placebo and followed them for a median of 30 months. The primary efficacy end point was the composite of death from cardiovascular causes, myocardial infarction, or stroke. After 2 years, the data and safety monitoring board recommended discontinuation of the study treatment in patients with a history of stroke owing to the risk of intracranial hemorrhage. RESULTS At 3 years, the primary end point had occurred in 1028 patients (9.3%) in the vorapaxar group and in 1176 patients (10.5%) in the placebo group (hazard ratio for the vorapaxar group, 0.87; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.80 to 0.94; P<0.001). Cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, stroke, or recurrent ischemia leading to revascularization occurred in 1259 patients (11.2%) in the vorapaxar group and 1417 patients (12.4%) in the placebo group (hazard ratio, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.82 to 0.95; P=0.001). Moderate or severe bleeding occurred in 4.2% of patients who received vorapaxar and 2.5% of those who received placebo (hazard ratio, 1.66; 95% CI, 1.43 to 1.93; P<0.001). There was an increase in the rate of intracranial hemorrhage in the vorapaxar group (1.0%, vs. 0.5% in the placebo group; P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS Inhibition of PAR-1 with vorapaxar reduced the risk of cardiovascular death or ischemic events in patients with stable atherosclerosis who were receiving standard therapy. However, it increased the risk of moderate or severe bleeding, including intracranial hemorrhage. (Funded by Merck; TRA 2P-TIMI 50 ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00526474.)
Resumo:
In this work the differentiability of the principal eigenvalue lambda = lambda(1)(Gamma) to the localized Steklov problem -Delta u + qu = 0 in Omega, partial derivative u/partial derivative nu = lambda chi(Gamma)(x)u on partial derivative Omega, where Gamma subset of partial derivative Omega is a smooth subdomain of partial derivative Omega and chi(Gamma) is its characteristic function relative to partial derivative Omega, is shown. As a key point, the flux subdomain Gamma is regarded here as the variable with respect to which such differentiation is performed. An explicit formula for the derivative of lambda(1) (Gamma) with respect to Gamma is obtained. The lack of regularity up to the boundary of the first derivative of the principal eigenfunctions is a further intrinsic feature of the problem. Therefore, the whole analysis must be done in the weak sense of H(1)(Omega). The study is of interest in mathematical models in morphogenesis. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Resumo:
OBJECTIVE: To analyze cause-specific mortality rates according to the relative income hypothesis. METHODS: All 96 administrative areas of the city of São Paulo, southeastern Brazil, were divided into two groups based on the Gini coefficient of income inequality: high (>0.25) and low (<0.25). The propensity score matching method was applied to control for confounders associated with socioeconomic differences among areas. RESULTS: The difference between high and low income inequality areas was statistically significant for homicide (8.57 per 10,000; 95%CI: 2.60;14.53); ischemic heart disease (5.47 per 10,000 [95%CI 0.76;10.17]); HIV/AIDS (3.58 per 10,000 [95%CI 0.58;6.57]); and respiratory diseases (3.56 per 10,000 [95%CI 0.18;6.94]). The ten most common causes of death accounted for 72.30% of the mortality difference. Infant mortality also had significantly higher age-adjusted rates in high inequality areas (2.80 per 10,000 [95%CI 0.86;4.74]), as well as among males (27.37 per 10,000 [95%CI 6.19;48.55]) and females (15.07 per 10,000 [95%CI 3.65;26.48]). CONCLUSIONS: The study results support the relative income hypothesis. After propensity score matching cause-specific mortality rates was higher in more unequal areas. Studies on income inequality in smaller areas should take proper accounting of heterogeneity of social and demographic characteristics.