968 resultados para Sódio : Urina
Resumo:
The effects of replacing monensin with sodium bicarbonate in diets for confined heifers on weight gain (WG), dry matter intake (DMI), feed:gain ratio (FGR) and rumen fermentation parameters were evaluated. Fifity six heifers were utilized (Santa Gertrudis x Braunvieh). Diets were formulated with two levels of concentrate (50% and 80% concentrate) with sodium monensin or sodium bicarbonate. The DMI was higest in heifers with an intake of 80% concentrate. There was not difference when the same concentrate levels were evaluated in relation to the DMI. The heifers at 80% concentrate showed highest WG. There was no significant difference in relation to WG between monensin and bicarbonate treatments and levels concentrate proportions. There were significant effects regarding FGR between treatments. The heifers on 80% concentrate showed lowest FGR. In the evaluation of N-NH3, the highest values were observed, on the whole, at 80:20 diets in relation to 50:50 diets. In the additive use, the monensin on 80:20 diets promoted the highest values of N-NH3 at 1 for 9 hours after feed intake. In the values of ruminal pH, the bicarbonate increased the values on 50:50 at 6 for18 hours after feed intake, in relation to the 80:20 diet. In this case, it was concluded that the use of sodium bicarbonate in diets for confined finishing heifers is a viable option for the replacement of monensin sodium.
Resumo:
The intake and performance of lambs fed with sugarcane silages treated with whitewash and chloride sodium were evaluated. Seven treatments were used: untreated silage (control); silages treated with 0.5; 1.0 and 1.5% of CaO (whitewash); and silages treated with 0.5; 1.0 and 2.0% of NaCl, with four replicates per treatment. The animals were fed a higher amount of dry matter and total digestible nutrients when the sugarcane silages were treated with 0.5% of NaCl, 1.0 and 1.5% of CaO. The intake of neutral detergent fiber and crude protein increased when the lambs were fed silages treated with 0.5% of NaCl and 1.0% of CaO. The average daily gain did not differ among treatments. The inclusion of 0.5% of sodium chloride and 1.0% of whitewash in sugarcane silages increased the intake and improved the performance of lambs.
Resumo:
Pós-graduação em Química - IQ
Resumo:
Pós-graduação em Ciências Odontológicas - FOAR
Resumo:
Pós-graduação em Química - IBILCE
Resumo:
Pós-graduação em Odontologia Restauradora - ICT
Resumo:
Pós-graduação em Odontologia - FOAR
Resumo:
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Resumo:
Currently, the food market is a great competition. It is no longer unanimously in the CMC powder drinks, as in the past, xanthan gum, always seeking to develop more economic alternatives, such as guar gum. It is clear, therefore, it is of vital importance to understand thoroughly the operation of a particular product in different process conditions and with different materials so that we can develop and adapt both new processes and products to new market reality
Resumo:
The human poliomavirus is the etiologic agente of Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML), a disease characterized by focal lesions not expansives of the central nervous system that develops in imunocompromissed patients, specially people with aids. The main aim of the study was to evalute the prevalence of the JCV excretion in urine samples of patients with aids, without PML, to compare two JCV DNA detection techniques through of two diferents genomic regions and to evaluate the genotypic characterization of the positive samples. A total of 75 samples were colected in the Instituto de Infectologia Emílio Ribas, in Sao Paulo, Brazil, between may and november, 2009. To detect the JC virus it was made the DNA extraction and then the polimerase chain reaction (PCR). Firstly a fragment of 215 bp was amplified, which corresponds to the codifying gene of the strutural protein of de JC vírus capsid VP1. All the samples were later submitted to another PCR that uses a pair of primers complementaries to the early region of the JCV (T antigen) amplifying a fragment of 173 bp. Followed by the digestion of the amplified product with the restriction enzime BamH1, resulting in two smaller fragments (120 bp and 53 bp). The JC vírus was detected in 53 samples, for both techniques (70,7% for VP1 PCR, and the restriction enzime BamH1), 34/46 were men (73,9%) and 19/29 were women (65,5%). The JCV excretion was higher in individuals that were over 46 years old. Regarding the seven genotypes described in the literature, the ones that were more prevalent among the JC positive patients were 3B and 3A with 10 samples each (21,0%), the 2B with 9 samples (19,0%) and genotype 6, with six samples (13,0%). As in the brown patients as the white ones, the most prevalent genotype was 3B. In the present study it was observed a high prevalence of JCV DNA (70,7%) and the genotype 3 (43,0%)... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Resumo:
The purpose of this study was to evaluate in vitro antimicrobial activity of chlorhexidine gel and liquid 2%, and 2% sodium hypochlorite on Candida albicans, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli in root canals. For this, we used 40 human single-rooted teeth were divided into 4 groups (n = 10) according to assist the chemical used: 1) 2% chlorhexidine liquid, 2) 2% chlorhexidine gel, 3) sodium hypochlorite 2%, and 4) physiological saline (control). Content were collected immediately after root canal instrumentation and after 7 days of biomechanical. For the samples was conducted to evaluate the antimicrobial activity and the results were subjected to statistical analysis of Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn's test with a significance of 5%. It was found that chlorhexidine gel and liquid as well as sodium hypochlorite were effective against the microorganisms tested
Resumo:
The aim of this study it was to evaluate the use of irrigating solution used during root canal preparation on the adhesive cementation of prefabricated fiberglass pins. The bond strength between different regions of the root and the fiberglass pins cemented into the root canal were evaluated by push-out assay. For this study, 36 human teeth were used, all equally prepared. The irrigating solutions used for biomechanical preparation were: saline solution, sodium hypochlorite 2,5% and glycolic extract of salvia 20%. The dual cure resin cement was used for cementation of pins. After cementation, specimens were sectioned to give 3 slices of approximately 2 mm each (cervical, middle and apical), which were submitted to mechanical push-out test. Were performed ANOVA and Tukey's test with a significance level of 5%, for the analysis of mechanical test. Comparing the thirds we observed that the only solution that presented statistical difference in the bond strength was sodium hypochlorite, which showed higher values for the middle and apical third compared with the cervical third, but when compared without taking into consideration the dental thirds, solutions studied showed no differences in bond strength. Therefore, it was concluded that the solutions studied can be used during endodontic treatment without causing harmful effects on the final adhesive restoration
Resumo:
A qualidade dos medicamentos constitui um fator fundamental para assegurar a sua eficária terapêutica e minimizar a ocorrência de efeitos indesejados decorrentes de presença de impurezas, produtos de degradação e presença de diferentes estruturas cristalinas, também denominadas polimorfos. Este trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar a existência de polimorfos em matérias primas oferecidas por fornecedores distintos, um fármaco de uso comum no Brasil,– o diclofenaco de sódio – interpretados a partir de diferentes métodos de análise instrumentais. O polimorfismo de fármacos, um assunto bastante atual, tem grande impacto em estudos pré e pós-registro de medicamentos, do referência ao genérico, passando pelo similar. Assim, com o estudo feito em um antiinflamatório bastante popular e largamente utilizado no mercado, podemos visualizar a grandeza da importância da análise da existência de polimorfos em matérias primas
Resumo:
No sistema nervoso central (SNC), mecanismos excitatórios e inibitórios atuam para controlar a ingestão de água e sódio. Importantes mecanismos inibitórios da ingestão de água e sódio foram recentemente descobertos no núcleo parabraquial lateral (NPBL). Um papel importante do NPBL seria integrar as informações ascendentes da porção medial do núcleo do trato solitário (NTSm) e da área postrema (AP) que por sua vez poderiam influenciar a atividade das áreas prosencefálicas envolvidas no controle do balanço hidroeletrolítico, como núcleos específicos do hipotálamo e amígdala. Estudos prévios sugerem a presença de um importante mecanismo serotonérgico inibitório da ingestão de água e sódio no NPBL. Além do mecanismo serotonérgico também já foi demonstrado no NPBL a existência de um mecanismo colecistocinérgico que também exerce um papel inibitório sobre a ingestão de água e sódio. Em um estudo anterior em que se injetou um agonista e um antagonista inespecíficos de receptores opióides (β-endorfina e naloxona, respectivamente) no NPBL foi demonstrado que mecanismos opióides no NPBL podem modular o mecanismo inibitório da ingestão de água e sódio, porém não se sabia qual ou quais dos três subtipos de receptores opióides (μ, δ ou κ) estariam envolvidos nesse mecanismo... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Resumo:
Nosso organismo constantemente perde água e eletrólitos para o meio ambiente, principalmente pela excreção urinária.Porém, a osmolaridade e o volume de líquidos do organismo devem permanecer dentro de uma pequena faixa de variação para que nossas células funcionem perfeitamente e haja manutenção da pressão arterial. A regulação da osmolaridade e do volume dos líquidos corporais exige que a entrada de água e eletrólitos seja igual à perda pelo corpo e, para tanto, a regulação envolve a ação integrada dos rins e do comportamento de ingestão de água e sódio que é o principal íon extracelular. A ingestão de água e sódio é regulada por mecanismos centrais excitatórios e inibitórios. Os mecanismos excitatórios que desencadeiam a ingestão de água e sódio são ativados principalmente pelo peptídeo angiotensina II (ANG II), cuja produção apresenta-se aumentada em situações de hipovolemia e hipotensão. Por outro lado, destacam-se importantes mecanismos inibitórios da ingestão de água e sódio descobertos recentemente no núcleo parabraquial lateral (NPBL). O NPBL é uma estrutura pontina que recebe projeções aferentes da área postrema (AP) e da porção medial do núcleo do trato solitário (NTSm) e que faz conexões com áreas prosencefálicas envolvidas no controle do balanço hidroeletrolítico. Estudos prévios mostraram que injeções bilaterais do agonista opióide inespecífico β-endorfina no NPBL induziram ingestão de água e sódio em ratos saciados e aumentaram a ingestão de água e sódio induzida pelo tratamento com o diurético furosemida (FURO) combinado com baixas doses do bloqueador da enzima conversora de angiotensina captopril (CAP) injetados subcutaneamente (sc)... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)