Inovação sustentável na indústria do estado de Mato Grosso: setores de alimentos e madeireiro (1970-2012)

O crescimento econômico de Mato Grosso nas últimas quatro décadas se apresenta como reflexo das políticas públicas executadas no Estado. Contudo, o direcionamento para a produção de commodities gerou impactos significativos no ambiente e na sociedade mato-grossense. Por outro lado, acredita-se que a inovação sustentável nos segmentos industriais pode vir a se tornar fator de diversificação e otimização da matriz produtiva industrial do Estado. Assim, o objetivo da tese foi detectar a capacidade de aderência dos segmentos industriais da alimentação e madeireiro de Mato Grosso em relação aos padrões produtivos associados à inovação sustentável. O estudo exploratório descritivo foi operacionalizado através de um estudo de campo no qual 1.149 indústrias compuseram o universo, e a amostra foi de 92 respostas dos empresários: 57 madeireiros e 35 do segmento de alimentos. Os dados coletados de janeiro a julho de 2012 foram tratados estatisticamente pelo SPSS 17. As análises permitiram constatar que a inovação sustentável ainda não é realidade. Faltam condições estruturantes básicas para viabilizar o funcionamento de um sistema. Embora assim, há fortes indícios de que os empresários estão procurando inovar nos processos, buscam informação, estimulam seus funcionários a inovar e já adotam algumas práticas relacionadas com gestão sustentável. Há uma dicotomia no perfil das empresas do Estado e na forma como intentam inovar, de modo que as políticas públicas não atendem a todos de forma homogênea. Poucas empresas efetivamente desenvolvem inovação sustentável, grande parte adquire tecnologia estrangeira. Além da pesquisa quantitativa, foram realizadas visitas técnicas e entrevistas em onze instituições públicas. Confirmou-se a hipótese de que as instituições públicas foram ineficientes no processo de “desenvolvimento regional sustentável”, pois geraram apenas crescimento econômico. E são responsáveis pela estrutura produtiva atual, que desconsiderou o saber endógeno e as características territoriais, para manter as trajetórias estabelecidas. No entanto, há possibilidade de mudar a matriz produtiva atual desde que as institucionalidades sejam transformadas e a educação e o aprendizado somados às estruturas de suporte aos micros e pequenos empresários se fortaleçam através da cooperação. Sugerem-se diretrizes.

Mucorales de solo contaminado com metais pesados na região do pólo cerâmico de Santa Gertrudes, SP: ocorrência e capacidade de biossorção de chumbo e zinco

Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Microbiologia Aplicada) - IBRC

Avaliação da resposta tecidual em ratos, a microrganismos anaeróbios e facultativos inativados associados a soluções preparadas com extratos vegetais aquoso e hidroalcoólico de Araçá (Psidium cattleianum): análise edemogênica e microscópica

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Efeito do controle de placa bacteriana supragengival sobre parâmetros subgengivais

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Avaliação clínica e microbiológica periodontal de crianças e adolescentes sob terapia ortodôntica com aparelhos fixos ou removíveis

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Atributos produtivos e qualitativos de grãos e fisiológicos e sanitários das sementes de cultivares de feijão

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Produção Vegetal) - FCAV

Synthesis of Structured Lipids by Enzymatic Interesterification of Milkfat and Soybean Oil in a Basket-Type Stirred Tank Reactor

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Continuous enzymatic interesterification of milkfat with soybean oil produces a highly spreadable product rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Germination, vigor and pathogen incidence in broccoli seeds treated with Carboxin + Thiram

The purpose of treating seeds chemically is to eradicate their pathogens and/or protect them against soil pathogens, mainly by germination time. However, there is little research on vegetables investigating the effect of this treatment on seed quality. Therefore, this study evaluates the effects of Carboxin + Thiram doses on germination and vigor of three lots of broccoli seeds, as well as on the incidence of fungi in treated seed. The 15 treatments were evaluated in a factorial system (3x5), with the first factor consisting of three lots of 'Avenger' broccoli seeds (lots 82744, 82745 and 82749), and the second factor consisting of five doses (0, 0.04, 0.06, 0.10 and 0.12% of a.i.) of Carboxin + Thiram fungicide (commercial name Vitavax-Thiran). The germination and seed vigor were evaluated, in addition to the presence of pathogens in seeds after treatment (blotter test). All lots showed high levels of germination and vigor. The lot 82749, however, showed higher value in plug test in substrate emergence (99%) than lot 82745 (95%). Regarding the treatment with Carboxin + Thiram, no changes in germination average (98%) and vigor were noticed (average for the first germination count, length, and dry weight of seedling, plug test at 10 days after sowing of 97%, 4.9 cm, 4.0 mg and 96%, respectively), showing that this fungicide, in the evaluated doses, does not affect the quality of broccoli seeds. As to seeds health, the pathogens Alternaria spp. and Fusarium spp. were detected, in addition to saprophytic species such as Penicillium, Aspergillus, Trichoderma, and Rhizopus. The higher incidence of Fusarium spp. was noticed in lot 82744, and the lowest in lot 82749. As to Penicillium spp., lot 82479 was the most contaminated. Regarding other fungi, the general incidence was very low and there was no difference between lots and doses used.

Avaliação comparativa do potencial osteocondutor de quatro diferentes substitutos ósseos em defeitos críticos em calvárias de coelhos

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Kinetic and Thermodynamic Studies on the Adsorption of Reactive Red 239 by Carra Sawdust Treated with Formaldehyde

In this study, carra sawdust pre-treated with formaldehyde was used to adsorb reactive red 239 (RR239). The effects of several experimental conditions, including the concentration of dye, sorbent dosage, temperature, ionic strength, stirring speed and solution pH, on the kinetics of the adsorption process have been studied, and the experimental data were fitted to pseudo-second-order model. A study of the intra-particle diffusion model indicates that the mechanism of dye adsorption using carra sawdust is rather complex and is most likely a combination of external mass transfer and intra-particle diffusion. The experimental data obtained at equilibrium were analyzed using the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models, and the results indicated that at this concentration range, both models can be applied for obtaining the equilibrium parameters. The maximum dye uptake obtained at 298 K was found to be 15.1 mg g(-1). In contrast to the usual systems, the reactive dye studied in the present work is strongly attached to the sawdust even after several washes with water, allowing it to be discarded as a solid waste.

Screening, immobilization and utilization of whole cell biocatalysts to mediate the ethanolysis of babassu oil

The screening. biomass growth of lipase-producing fungus isolated from different sources and available at URM (University Recife Mycologia). as well as, the immobilization and utilization of the whole cells for the transesterification of babassu oil were investigated. Rhizopus oryzae (URM 3231, 4692), Mucor circinelloides (URM 4140, 4182) and Penicillium citrinum URM 4216 were considered to be good intracellular lipase producers whereas those from Mucor hiemalis URM 4144 and Mucor piriformis URM 4145 were weaker. Fungi biomass containing high lipase activities was immobilized on different biomass support particles (BSPs) and with the exception of Penicillium citrinum URM 4216 all the other fungi strains exhibited high lipase activity (20-50 Ug(-1)) when immobilized in situ using polyurethane foam particles. Transesterification activities of the immobilized whole cells were evaluated in the ethanolysis reaction with babassu oil and the highest performance was attained by M. circinelloides URM 4182 giving 83.22 +/- 3.68% ester yield in less than 96 h reaction. The biocatalyst operational stability was also assessed and an inactivation profile was found to follow the Arrhenius model, revealing values of 26 days and 2.6 x 10(-2)day(-1), for half-life and a deactivation coefficient, respectively. The purified product (biodiesel) exhibited viscosity (6.63 cSt) close to the value to attend specifications by the ASTM 06751 to be used as biofuel. Results are favorable compared with data already reported in the literature and demonstrated that M. circinelloides URM 4182 whole cells is a cheaper biocatalyst that can be used in the biodiesel synthesis. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Mycobiota, aflatoxins and cyclopiazonic acid in stored peanut cultivars

This study evaluated the presence of fungi and mycotoxins [aflatoxins (AFs), cyclopiazonic acid (CPA), and aspergillic acid] in stored samples of peanut cultivar Runner IAC Caiapó and cultivar Runner IAC 886 during 6 months. A total of 70 pod and 70 kernel samples were directly seeded onto Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus agar for fungi isolation and aspergillic acid detection, and AFs and CPA were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography. The results showed the predominance of Aspergillus section Flavi strains, Aspergillus section Nigri strains, Fusarium spp., Penicillium spp. and Rhizopus spp. from both peanut cultivars. AFs were detected in 11.4% of kernel samples of the two cultivars and in 5.7% and 8.6% of pod samples of the Caiapó and 886 cultivars, respectively. CPA was detected in 60.0% and 74.3% of kernel samples of the Caiapó and 886 cultivars, respectively. Co-occurrence of both mycotoxins was observed in 11.4% of kernel samples of the two cultivars. These results indicate a potential risk of aflatoxin production if good storage practices are not applied. In addition, the large number of samples contaminated with CPA and the simultaneous detection of AFs and CPA highlight the need to investigate factors related to the control and co-occurrence of these toxins in peanuts.

Infection at titanium implants with or without a clinical diagnosis of inflammation

OBJECTIVES: To assess the microbiota at implants diagnosed with peri-implantitis, implant mucositis, or being clinically healthy. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Clinical and microbiological data were collected from 213 subjects (mean age: 65.7+/-14) with 976 implants in function (mean: 10.8 years, SD+/-1.5). Forty species were identified by the checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization method. RESULTS: Implant mean % plaque score was 41.8+/-32.4%. Periodontitis defined by bone loss was found in 44.9% of subjects. Implant mucositis was diagnosed in 59% and peri-implantitis in 14.9% of all cases. Neisseria mucosa, Fusobacterium nucleatum sp. nucleatum, F. nucleatum sp. polymorphum, and Capnocytophaga sputigena dominated the implant sub-mucosal microbiota and the sub-gingival microbiota at tooth sites. Implant probing pocket depth at the implant site with the deepest probing depth was correlated with levels of Eikenella corrodens (r=0.16, P<0.05), the levels of F. nucleatum sp. vincentii (r=0.15, P<0.05), Porphyromonas gingivalis (r=0.14, P<0.05), and Micromonas micros (r=0.17, P=0.01). E. corrodens was found in higher levels at implants with mucositis compared with implant health (P<0.05). Subjects who lost teeth due to periodontitis had higher yields of F. nucleatum sp. vincentii (P<0.02) and N. mucosa (P<0.05). Independent of implant status subjects with teeth had higher levels of P. gingivalis (P<0.05), and Leptotrichia buccalis (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: At implant sites studied, few bacteria differed by whether subjects were dentate or not or by implant status.

Correlates of periodontal decline and biologic markers in older adults

BACKGROUND: There is limited information on infectious and host responses distinguishing older people with or without active periodontitis. This study measured bacterial and serum cytokine and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) levels in older persons. METHODS: Elders (mean age: 67 years), whose periodontal status had declined most or least (20% worst or 20% best) over 5 years, were enrolled. Two years later, they were classified as periodontally declining (active periodontitis [AP]), if they had at least five teeth with probing depth (PD) > or =5 mm, or stable (stable periodontally [SP]), if they did not. Groups were compared with respect to demographics, PD, clinical loss of attachment, subgingival bacteria, serum hsCRP, interleukin (IL)-1beta and -6, and chronic diseases. RESULTS: Ten AP and 24 SP subjects were identified; 13% of women and 44% of men from the original sample were in the AP group (P <0.05). Most Asians were SP; most whites and all African Americans were classified as having AP (P <0.01). More AP elders had osteoporosis (P <0.01), but the AP and SP groups did not differ with respect to IL-1beta and -6 or hsCRP. Bacterial counts were higher in the AP group for Parvimonas micra (previously Peptostreptococcus micros or Micromonas micros) (7.7 x 10(5) cells versus 3.8 x 10(5) cells; P <0.05), Prevotella intermedia (25.7 x 10(5) cells versus 9.8 x 10(5) cells; P <0.01), Tannerella forsythia (previously T. forsythensis) (16.2 x 10(5) cells versus 8.0 x 10(5) cells; P <0.05), and Streptococcus mutans (6.2 x 10(5) cells versus 2.0 x 10(5) cells; P <0.01). Three risk factors were most predictive of periodontal decline: PD, osteoporosis, and being white or African American. CONCLUSION: Periodontal decline was associated with osteoporosis, ethnicity, PD, gender, serum hsCRP, and levels of four bacterial species.