Incontinence : stress urinary incontinence treatment—surgery first?

A randomized trial involving 460 women with stress urinary incontinence compared physiotherapy with midurethral-sling surgery. We question whether the results, showing higher rates of improvement and cure for surgery than for physiotherapy, should change best practice and clinical practice guideline recommendations.

Postnatal pelvic floor muscle training for preventing and treating urinary incontinence : where do we stand?

Purpose of review: Postnatal pelvic floor muscle training aims to rehabilitate the pelvic floor muscles. To be effective, a certain exercise dosage must be respected. Recent trials evaluated the effect of different programs on prevention/treatment of urinary incontinence immediately after delivery and in treatment of persistent incontinence. Recent findings: Only three systematic reviews, six trials, and four follow-up studies have been published in the past two decades. High heterogeneity in postnatal pelvic floor muscle training programs is observed throughout the literature, making comparisons difficult. In the prevention/treatment of postnatal urinary incontinence immediately after delivery and in persistent incontinence, supervised intensive programs prove more effective than standard postnatal care. Longer-term results have yet to show advantages for postnatal training programs. Summary: Although a certain exercise dosage must be respected for a postnatal pelvic floor muscle training program to be effective, a few randomized controlled trials present such dosage. Randomized controlled trials should study the effect of supervised, intensive training protocols with adherence aids. As standard care does not seem to reduce the prevalence of postnatal urinary incontinence, obstetrics services must address delivery of postnatal pelvic floor muscle training.

Physiotherapy for persistent postnatal stress urinary incontinence : a randomized controlled trial

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of multimodal supervised physiotherapy programs with the absence of treatment among women with persistent postnatal stress urinary incontinence. METHODS: This was a single-blind randomized controlled trial. Sixty-four women with stress urinary incontinence were randomly assigned to 8 weeks of either multimodal pelvic floor rehabilitation (n = 21), multimodal pelvic floor rehabilitation with abdominal muscle training (n = 23), or control non–pelvic floor rehabilitation (n = 20). The primary outcome measure consisted of a modified 20-minute pad test. The secondary outcome measures included a Visual Analog Scale describing the perceived burden of incontinence, the Urogenital Distress Inventory, the Incontinence Impact Questionnaire, and pelvic floor muscle function measurements. RESULTS: Two patients dropped out, leaving 62 for analysis. At follow-up, more than 70% of the women in the treatment groups (14/20 in the pelvic floor and 17/23 in the pelvic floor plus abdominal group) were continent on pad testing compared with 0% of women in the control group. Scores on the pad test, Visual Analog Scale, Urogenital Distress Inventory, and Incontinence Impact Questionnaire improved significantly in both treatment groups (all P < .002), whereas no changes were observed in the control group. Pelvic floor muscle function, however, did not improve significantly in either active group. CONCLUSION: Multimodal supervised pelvic floor physiotherapy is an effective treatment for persistent postnatal stress urinary incontinence.

Optimiser l’efficacité de la rééducation périnéale dans le traitement de l’incontinence urinaire d’effort chez la femme : que nous disent les évidences scientifiques?

La rééducation des muscles du plancher pelvien est le traitement de première ligne de l’incontinence urinaire d’effort chez la femme. Toutefois, les composantes de cette rééducation varient considérablement d’un essai clinique randomisé à l’autre. Par conséquent, plusieurs questions persistent quant au contenu optimal d’une rééducation périnéale. Les séances d’entraînement supervisées sont-elles nécessaires après l’enseignement des exercices? Combien de contractions musculaires du plancher pelvien devrait-on faire par jour pour un effet maximal? Quelle est la meilleure combinaison de techniques de rééducation : les exercices du plancher pelvien seul, avec le biofeedback, la stimulation ou les cônes vaginaux? Les questions sont infinies. Comme point de départ de notre réflexion visant à identifier le contenu optimal d’une rééducation périnéale, la présente propose d'examiner les éléments de preuve qui concernent l'efficacité des diverses techniques de rééducation périnéale, de discuter de nos connaissances actuelles des dysfonctions musculaires du plancher pelvien, de rappeler les principes d’entraînement musculaire les plus à jour et de discuter des facteurs influençant l'adhésion des femmes à la rééducation périnéale.

Comparison of two methods for measuring the pubococcygeal line from sagittal-plane magnetic resonance imaging

Aims The pubococcygeal line (PCL) is an important reference line for determining measures of pelvic organ support on sagittal-plane magnetic resonance imaging (MRI); however, there is no consensus on where to place the posterior point of the PCL. As coccyx movement produced during pelvic floor muscle (PFM) contractions may affect other measures, optimal placement of the posterior point is important. This study compared two methods for measuring the PCL, with different posterior points, on T2-weighted sagittal MRI to determine the effect of coccygeal movement on measures of pelvic organ support in older women. Methods MRI of the pelvis was performed in the midsagittal plane, at rest and during PFM contractions, on 47 community-dwelling women 60 and over. The first PCL was measured to the tip of the coccyx (PCLtip) and the second to the sacrococcygeal joint (PCLjnt). Four measures of pelvic organ support were made using each PCL as the reference line: urethrovesical junction height, uterovaginal junction height, M-line and levator plate angle. Results During the PFM contraction the PCLtip shortened and lifted (P < 0.001); the PCLjnt did not change (P > 0.05). The changes in the four measures of pelvic organ support were smaller when measured relative to the PCLtip as compared to those to the PCLjnt (P < 0.001). Conclusions Coccyx movement affected the length and position of the PCLtip, which resulted in underestimates of the pelvic-organ lift produced by the PFM contraction. Therefore, we recommend that the PCL be measured to the sacrococcygeal joint and not to the tip of the coccyx

Virtual reality rehabilitation as a treatment approach for older women with mixed urinary incontinence : a feasibility study

Background Motivated patients are more likely to adhere to treatment resulting in better outcomes. Virtual reality rehabilitation (VRR) is a treatment approach that includes video gaming to enhance motivation and functional training. Aims The study objectives were (1) to evaluate the feasibility of using a combination of pelvic floor muscles (PFM) exercises and VRR (PFM/VRR) to treat mixed urinary incontinence (MUI) in older women, (2) to evaluate the effectiveness of the PFM/VRR program on MUI symptoms, quality of life (QoL), and (3) gather quantitative information regarding patient satisfaction with this new combined training program. Methods Women 65 years and older with at least 2 weekly episodes of MUI were recruited. Participants were evaluated two times before and one time after a 12-week PFM/VRR training program. Feasibility was defined as the participants' rate of participation in and completion of both the PFM/VRR training program and the home exercise. Effectiveness was evaluated through a bladder diary, pad test, symptom and QoL questionnaire, and participant's satisfaction through a questionnaire. Results Twenty-four women (70.5 ± 3.6 years) participated. The participants complied with the study demands in terms of attendance at the weekly treatment sessions (91%), adherence to home exercise (92%) and completion of the three evaluations (96%). Post-intervention, the frequency and quantity of urine leakage decreased and patientreported symptoms and QoL improved significantly. Most participants were very satisfied with treatment (91%). Conclusion A combined PFM/VRR program is an acceptable, efficient, and satisfying functional treatment for older women with MUI and should be explore through further RCTs.

Faiblesse, incoordination et performance motrice du membre supérieur chez le sujet hémiparétique

Thèse numérisée par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.

Batterie d'évaluation du développement Talbot pour l'enfant de 0 à 6 ans : validité de contenu par analyse des items

Mémoire numérisé par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.

La fonction musculaire du plancher pelvien chez les femmes continentes et atteintes d'incontinence urinaire à l'effort

Mémoire numérisé par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.

Asymétrie et faiblesse musculaire lors des tâches de se lever et de s'asseoir chez l'adulte avec une hémiparésie

Mémoire numérisé par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.

Organisation et réorganisation post-lésionnelle des circuits neuronaux permettant l'accès au lexique : l'apport de la connectivité effective

Thèse numérisée par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.

Évaluation des aptitudes musculosquelettiques chez les patients coronariens

Mémoire numérisé par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.

Évaluation de la stabilité posturale en fauteuil roulant chez les enfants atteints d'un déficit moteur cérébral : description clinique et validation d'un outil de mesure

Mémoire numérisé par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.

La réalité virtuelle pour initier et contrôler la démarche chez des patients atteints de la maladie de Parkinson

Mémoire numérisé par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.

La relation entre les positions du tronc et les stratégies motrices utilisées par les personnes hémiparétiques lors du passage de la position assise à debout

Mémoire numérisé par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.