568 resultados para Pseudemys-scripta


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Thesis (doctoral)--University of Jena.

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Accompanied by "Supplementum 1911-1940 [di] R. Ciferri." (4 v. 25 cm.) Published: Papia, Cortina, 1957-60.

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Predation risk influences a variety of behavioral decisions of many organisms and results in animals having to trade-offs safety with other behaviors. The effects of predation, however, have been largely ignored in the study of vertebrates that forage underwater (divers). I tested the predictions of an on optimal diving model that incorporates the risk of predation, using red eared slider turtles (Trachemys scripta elegans). Specifically, I tested the hypothesis that divers will increase their surface time when instantaneous risk decreases with time at the surface. By using a model aerial predator and exposing turtles to both risk and no risk treatments, I tested how turtles perceive risk at the surface and whether they increase or decrease their surface time depending on how they assess risk. The model's predictions for situations in which risk at the surface is decreasing with time spent there-likely to be the case for aerial predation-were supported by the results. I found that surface time and time spent submerged per dive were significantly greater when turtles were at risk and that turtles also spent more time resting at the bottom when exposed to this treatment. Interestingly, turtles under risk engaged in vigilance behaviors while on the bottom just prior to surfacing. This behavior could have implications for model predictions and future experiments are needed to test whether subsurface vigilance may alter diving decisions made under risk.

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Tämän kirjan kirjoitukset on omistettu professori Olli Koistiselle hänen 60-vuotissyntymäpäivänään 11.5.2016. Kirjoittajat ovat professori Koistisen kollegoita, työtovereita, väitöskirjaohjattavia ja opiskelijoita, entisiä tai nykyisiä. Kirjoituksista osa on suomeksi, osa englanniksi. Siksi päätimme antaa kirjalle latinankielisen nimen. De natura rerum viittaa moneen, mukaan lukien samannimiset vanhat luonnonfilosofiset tekstit, joista varmaankin kuuluisin, Lucretiuksen De rerum natura, on käännetty suomeksi Maailmankaikkeudesta. Sikäli kuin yhtään professori Koistista tunnemme, tämä, yhtä hyvin kuin Lucretiuksen teoksen mahdollinen kirjaimellisempi käännös Asioiden luonnosta, kuvaisi hyvin hänen filosofiakäsitystään. Filosofiassa tutkitaan ihan oikeita, isoja asioita. Filosofi kysyy, millaisia erilaiset oliot ja ilmiöt ovat luonteeltaan – mikä on asioiden luonto. Kirjan kirjoituksissa tarkastelun kohteena on muun muassa muutos, kausaliteetti, hyvä elämä, tekstien tulkitseminen, inhimillinen toiminta, tunteet, ajattelu, tietoisuus, aika, todellisuus ja maailma. Kuten sopii odottaa, useissa kirjoituksissa viitataan filosofian klassikoihin, varsinkin Descartesiin, Spinozaan ja Kantiin, jotka ovat olleet Ollin omia rakkaita tutkimuskohteita. Klassikkoteksteihin viitataan filosofian historian tutkimuksessa vakiintuneiden käytäntöjen mukaisesti. Tarkempia selityksiä löytyy kirjoitusten alaviitteistä ja kirjallisuusluetteloista.

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O comércio de espécies selvagens tem crescido bastante ao longo das últimas décadas. Atualmente é considerado o quarto maior tráfico ilegal no mundo, logo seguido da transação de drogas, de armas e de humanos. Estima-se que o comércio de espécies selvagens pode ultrapassar os 12 milhões de euros por ano na UE. Abrange tanto as plantas como os animais vivos; mas, nestes últimos, incluem-se também os seus derivados, tais como sejam as peles, os ossos, alimento, entre outros. O uso das espécies selvagens é bastante vastos, as espécies são utilizadas para alimentação, uso medicinal, investigação científica, comércio de peles, alimentação e o mais comum é para animais de estimação. As espécies exóticas muitas vezes tornam-se espécies exóticas invasoras, começam a ser um perigo para a biodiversidade e para as espécies nativas. O processo de invasão apresenta-se por quatro fases: dispersão ou transporte, estabelecimento, naturalização e por fim dispersão geográfica e/ou invasão. Vários são os mecanismos para combater as espécies exóticas invasoras, sendo que o mecanismo mais radical a erradicação de espécimes. Em Lisboa, estão descritas três espécies exóticas invasoras: a tartaruga da Florida Trachemys scripta, a tartaruga de Nelson Pseudemys nelsoni e a tartaruga corcunda do Mississipi Graptemys pseudogeographica; ABSTRACT: The wildlife trade is growing fast over the last decades. It is now considered the fourth largest illegal trade in the world, followed by the drugs, weapons and humans. It is estimated that trade with species can exceed 12 million € per year in the EU. This trade comprises plants or live animals; but also is derivatives, such as skins, bones, food, and others. The use of wildlife is diverse, can be for food, medical, scientific research, trade of skins, but the most common is for pets. Alien species can become invasive alien species and so they become a threat to biodiversity and for native species. The process of invasion has four phases: dispersion or transport, establishment, naturalization and geographic dispersion and/or invasion. There are several mechanisms to combat such invasive alien species: the most radical mechanism is eradication of specimens. In Lisbon, are described three invasive alien species: the red-eared slider turtle Trachemys Florida, the Florida red-bellied turtle Pseudemys nelsoni and the false map turtle Graptemys psedogeographica.

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The recent transformations taking place in the city of Sao Paulo show how the global urban dimension goes hand in hand with local deprivation and segregation. Both globalisation trends and segregation dynamics orientate a social and spatial process of change which has as the main result the dissolution of the urban condition in Sao Paulo. The metropolisation dynamics currently at work in South American cities can be understood, taking into consideration evidences and facts coming from the analysis of Sao Paulo, as a transition resulting from the globalisation process which takes place in contemporary cities.

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Certain areas of the city of Sao Paulo, as many others around the world, including in Lisbon, Barcelona and Buenos Aires, have been going through a process of requalification, in special the ones commonly known as old and/or traditional city. Regarding Sao Paulo, some exceptional actions have been taken downtown with investments in rehabilitation/requalification of areas that concentrated the historical, urbanistic and cultural heritages, such as Praca da S and its cathedral, as well as the revaluation/rehabilitation projects of other squares like Praca da Republica, other areas as the previously called Cracolandia (due to high consumption/deal of crack), known today as Nova Luz, besides propositions to reevaluate areas already modified, such as Vale do Anhangabau. In all propositions to modify sites, it is firstly underlined its deterioration, litter and the presence of low-income populations (passer-bys, street vendors or residents), generally stigmatized as ""potential suspects"", emphasizing danger and lack of security in those places. This belief, which has become consensual, results in that: public as well as private companies promote the rehabilitation of the areas basing their reasoning in the necessity of adding value to the existing urban heritage, although, as it will be discussed in this paper, part of this heritage might be destroyed in this very process, under the allegation that upon completion, the action would allow the social, cultural and economical revaluation/requalification of the area. This paper is intended to provide a contribution to this discussion.

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This article aims to discuss the space, revealing its powerful in the comprehension of modem world, from the thesis which the geographic space consists itself as condition, medium and product of society reproduction in its totality, evolving several temporal-spatial scales and several levels of reality, that should prolong Marx's work, having in view the construction of a ""social theory of space"" in the sense of a radical critical geography. This argumentation allows to understand, in the limits of geography, the passage of the notion ""production of space"" as condition of the accumulation of capital to the notion ""production of space"" as condition of present reproduction in front of the accumulation crisis. As a starting point, a discussion about some David Harvey's works, who supports the thesis that accumulation crisis of capital would be solved, in the modem world, through the spatial fix.

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Among the numerous problems that are common to the Latin-American metropolises, such as the deep socio-spatial segregation, the impressive territorial fragmentation and the real estate valorisation that overvalues some territories, whilst it depreciates others, we have chosen to focus on the management of the metropolitan regions. That question clearly indicates that due to the great current changes of the economical restructuring - a process that strengthened the capitalist logic of social development - the traditional form of thinking urban planning has found its limits. Consequently, this issue of metropolitan management shows the need to look for new ways of metropolitan administration that can answer to the The main metropolitan regions of South America: Buenos Aires, Sao Paulo and Santiago form our references to characterize the recent changes from a territorial point of view on the one hand; and relative to the new determinations of the metropolis on the other hand. This leads us to discuss the challenges that metropolitan management face in a scenario of governability fragmentation.

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Since the mid of 1980 an, discussed global climate change in the international sphere. This process resulted in the achievement of the United Nations Conference for Environment and Development UNCED, held in Rio de Janeiro in 1992, which resulted, among other documents, the Framework Convention of Climate Change - CMC. After five years, there was the establishment of the Kyoto Protocol - PK - which, unlike the Convention, set clearer standards on reducing emissions of gases effect of studying and targets to be achieved by countries which have issued more gas in the past, in the Annex I. The aim of this text is to analyze the ongoing federal public policies regarding mitigation of climate change in the country. To that end, it is based on analysis of official documentation. It analyzes policies before and after the adoption of the CMC in Brazil.

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The city of Maringa, located in the Northwest of Parana State, Brazil, was part of an extensive area colonized by the Companhia de Terras Norte do Parana replaced by the Companhia Melhoramentos Norte do Parana. Starting from a modem project elaborated in midlles of 1940's, Maringa emerged quickly amid the forest. We analyzed the initial plan, the projects for the reformulation of the central area and the tendencies of the public actions in the urban area that turn for real estate promotion and disrespect the popular participation. In its regional scale, Maringa follows the same orientation of cities that are used by the The obsession for the modernity takes to the systematic construction of new spaces that substitute the memory and the urban history in projects that reconduct to the aestheticization and the spectacularization of the urban landscape of Maringa.

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The Piracicaba River basin is considered the most disturbed river basin in the state of So Paulo. Considerable amounts of agricultural residues are seasonally drained into the river, and the region is also highly urbanized and industrialized with an incipient sewage treatment system. The presence of heavy metals has been previously reported for the water and riverbed in Piracicaba river basin. In this study we evaluated 13 heavy metals in the blood of 37 Geoffroy`s side-necked turtles, Phrynops geoffroanus, from Piracicaba River and Piracicamirim Creek, one of its tributaries. Blood levels of As, Co, Cr, Se and Pb varied among sites, whereas Sn varied between males and females. However, no obvious pathology was detected. Serum level of Cu (2,194 ng g(-1)) and Pb (1,150 ng g(-1)) found in this study are the highest ever described for any reptile; however, no clinical symptoms have been detected in the present study. There is no information about the time scale of such contamination, which could be currently subclinical and yet lead to a breakdown in the population reproductive success in a few years. Based on the present study, legal enforcement is urged in order to locate and extirpate heavy metal sources in the Piracicaba River basin. In addition, monitoring should include humans and commercial fish consumed in local markets.

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The internal stresses and crystallographic texture in alpha-Al(2)O(3) scales grown on iron aluminides at 1100 degrees C were determined in situ using synchrotron X-ray diffraction. In the first hour of oxidation, alpha-Al(2)O(3) was formed by direct nucleation and by conversion from transition oxides (either theta-Al(2)O(3) or a mixed Fe-Al oxide). A sharp texture develops connected with the direct nucleation of alpha-Al(2)O(3), in contrast to the weaker texture observed in alpha-Al(2)O(3) originated by previous transformations, which also yielded tensile stresses in early oxidation stages. (C) 2011 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.