Russian mobile telecommunications market: players and trends

Objective of this work was to clarify the competitive situation of Russian mobile telecommunications market: who are the main players, are there many regional operators, what is the possibility of new entrants and how intensive is the competition. In the beginning the history of Russian mobile telecommunications sector is described. In the next chapter environmental factors of the market are examined with the help of PESTEL analysis. After that, players of the market are introduced to ease the following of next chapters. The main theory for this work was industry analysis of five competitive forces by Michael Porter, which is presented before the theory related industry analysis of Russian mobile telecommunications industry. Research for the industry analysis is mainly based on up-to-date articles describing Russian market. As a result of the industry analysis, competitive situation of Russian mobile telecommunications industry and the future prospects are described with the help of factors coming from the PESTEL-analysis. Finally development and future prospects for Russian 3G are reported. As a result of this work, it can be said that Russian mobile telecommunications market is not likely to maintain the growth of previous years, because the market is near saturation. According to passive SIM-cards it has already received saturated. The saturation will also make the market share game between operators more volatile. The market is dominated by three national operators that covered 88% of the income in the first half of 2007. In addition to these three, there are also several regional operators. Structure of the market is likely to consolidate.

Las 'escuelas democráticas' de Michael W. Apple y James A. Beane en nuestro contexto

Ressenya de: Rafael Feito y Juan Ignacio López (eds.): Construyendo escuelas democráticas. Barcelona: Hipatia, 2008.

Resurrecting Disney: Tracing Walt Disney‘s ever-present spirit in feature animated films of the Michael Eisner era (1984-2004)

El treball Ressuscitant a Disney: Rastrejant el sempre present esperit de Walt Disney en els llargmetratges animats de l'era Michael Eisner (1984-2004) pretén definir i analitzar les característiques, tant respecte al procés creatiu com en la definició de contingut, integrades en els clàssics originals de Disney per, a continuació, demostrar que aquestes van ser recuperades i implementades de nou després de la mort de Walt Disney -amb lleus adaptacions- per donar lloc a una segona edat d'or de l'animació

Athlete endorsement as a marketing strategy: a case study of Nike and Michael Jordan

Les empreses intenten obrir mercats nous constantment, aconseguint atraure nous clients objectiu i augmentar el reconeixement de la marca. Aquest treball investiga el cóm i per què el patrocini d'atletes, per a que aquests representin els productes d'una empresa, ja que és una eina cada vegada més àmplia i popular en el màrqueting mix de les empreses. Michael Jordan, un estel retirada de bàsquet, ha rebut molta atenció dels mitjans publicitaris i ha representat sota patrocini a diversos productes. Especialment el seu contracte de patrocini amb Nike, Inc. s'ha convertit en un excel·lent cas d'estudi per analitzar la tendència actual que suposa patrocinar atletes en el mercat internacional. Els resultats d'aquest cas d'estudi ajuden a entendre els factors que poden influir en èxit de les empreses quan decideixen patrocinar a un atleta com a part de la seva estratègia de màrqueting.

Care delivery value chains for ophthalmic clinics in Switzerland

Perceived patient value is often not aligned with the emerging expenses for health care services. In other words, the costs are often supposed as rising faster than the actual value for the patients. This fact is causing major concerns to governments, health plans, and individuals. Attempts to solve the problem have habitually been on the operational effectiveness side: increasing patient volume, minimizing costs, rationing, or closing hospitals, usually resulting in a zero-sum game. Only few approaches come from the strategic positioning side and "competition" among hospitals is still perceived rather as a danger than as a chance to create a positive-sum game and stimulate patient value. In their 2006 book, "Redefining Health Care", the renowned Harvard strategy professor Michael E. Porter and hospital management expert Professor Elizabeth Olmsted Teisberg approach the challenge from the positive-sum perspective: they propose to form Integrated Practice Units (IPUs) and manage hospitals in a modern, patient value oriented way. They argue that creating value-based competition on results should have the same effect on the health care sector like transparency and competition turned other industries with out-dated management models (like recently the inert telecommunication industry) into highly competitive and customer value creating businesses. The objective of this paper is to elaborate Care Delivery Value Chains for Integrated Practice Units in ophthalmic clinics and gather a first feedback from Swiss hospital managers, ophthalmologists, and patients, if such an approach could be a realistic way to improve health care management. First, Porter's definition of competitiveness (distinction between operational effectiveness and strategic positioning) is explained. Then, the Care Delivery Value Chain is introduced as a key element for understanding value-based management, followed by three practice examples for ophthalmic clinics. Finally, recommendations are given how the Care Delivery Value Chain can be managed efficiently and how the obstacles of becoming a patient-oriented organization can be overcome. The conclusion is that increased transparency and value-based competition on results has the potential to change the mindset of hospital managers-which will align patient value with the emerging health care expenses. Early adapters of this management approach will gain a competitive advantage. [Author, p. 6]

Aspectos mecanísticos da adição de Michael

The Michael addition reaction has been reported as a conventional nucleophilic process. However, more recently, alternative mechanisms involving electron transfer between acceptor and donnor species have been proposed.

Aspectos regio- e estereoquímicos da adição de Michael assimétrica via iminas quirais com centros estereogênicos pré-existentes

The asymmetric Michael addition reactions using chiral imines, under neutral conditions (deracemizing alkylation process), constitute one of the main methods for the stereocontrolled elaboration of quaternary carbon centers. This protocol is based on the conjugate addition of secondary chiral enamines to electron-deficient alkenes. The focus of this report deals with the discussion of regio- and stereochemical aspects of the deracemizing alkylation process concerning enamines bearing a resident chiral center.

Poptähden muotokuva. Myytit, arkkityypit ja Michael Jacksonin video Smooth Criminal (1988)

Tämä tutkielma käsittelee poptähti Michael Jacksonin tähtikuvaa populaarina myyttinä arkkityyppien näkökulmasta. Tutkimus käsittelee myös tähteyden historiaa ja siirtymää klassisesta Hollywood -tähteydestä postmoderniin tähteyteen. Tutkimus pyrkii selvittämään Jacksonin positiota kulttuurisella tähtikentällä ja sitä, mitä uutta rajatilasankarin, initiaation ja tricksterin arkkityypit voivat kertoa tunnetusta poptähdestä. Tutkimusaineistoksi on valittu Jacksonin Moonwalker –elokuva (1988) ja sen sisällä oleva Smooth Criminal -osio, joka sisältää juonellisen tarinan ja musiikkivideokohtauksen. Smooth Criminal -musiikkikohtaus viittaa kulta-ajan Hollywood -tähden Fred Astairen Band Wagon –musikaalin (1953) Girl Hunt Ballet -musikaalinumeroon. Tutkimuksen kulttuurihistoriallisessa osiossa tuodaan vertailuun Astairen ja Jacksonin erilaiset tähteydet, videoiden narratiivit ja sankaruudet, joita tähdet ilmentävät narratiiveissa. Arkkityyppeihin keskittyvässä osiossa sama Smooth Criminal -narratiivi luetaan uudestaan näiden kolmen arkkityypin kautta, jolloin Jacksonin tähtikuvasta avautuu uusia aspekteja. Tutkimuksen teoreettisen rungon muodostavat sveitsiläisen analyyttisen psykologian perustajan Carl Gustav Jungin teoria arkkityypeistä ja tätä teoriaa soveltava postjungilainen tutkimus. Tutkimuksen kulttuurihistoriallinen puoli pohjaa perinteiseen tähtitutkimukseen ja erityisesti Richard Dyerin sekä Edgar Morinin teoksiin. Käytän postjungilaista elokuva- ja tähtitutkimusta tutkimuksessani, joista tärkeimpiä ovat John Izodin ja Luke Hockleyn teokset. Tutkimuksen perusteella voidaan todeta, että tähteys on kulttuurisidonnaista ja ilmentää omaa aikaansa. Astairen tähteys ja narratiivin sankaruus koostuu muutamista pelkistetyistä aspekteista. Jackson on tähtenä eräänlainen hybridisankari, jossa yhdistyvät monet vastakkaiset merkitykset. Rajatilasankarin, initiaation ja tricksterin arkkityypit ovat kaikki löydettävissä tutkinnan kohteena olevasta narratiivista. Arkkityyppien kautta voi nähdä, että Jacksonin ilmensi tähteydessään myös näitä kaikille ihmisille yhteisiä psyykkisiä sisältöjä, mikä voi osaltaan selittää hänen globaalia suosiotaan.

Median rituaalit ja moderni pyhyys : kuoliko Michael Jackson pyhän uhrikuoleman?

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