Indications of public health in the English regions - 7: mental health

This report is the eigth in the series, "Indications of Public Health in the English Regions" commissioned by the Chief Medical Officer and has been produced jointly by the Association of Public Health Observatories (APHO) and the North East PHO. This report presents a wide range of data on the factors which can give rise to poor mental health, the mental health status of populations, provision of interventions of care for mental illness, service user experience and traditional outcomes such as suicide. In 2006, the United Kingdom rated third highest across 25 EU member states for the number of drinks consumed in one sitting. This Regional Indications report is produced alongside the new national strategy Safe. Sensible. Social: The next steps in the National Alcohol Strategy.

Discovery and fine mapping of serum protein loci through transethnic meta-analysis.

Many disorders are associated with altered serum protein concentrations, including malnutrition, cancer, and cardiovascular, kidney, and inflammatory diseases. Although these protein concentrations are highly heritable, relatively little is known about their underlying genetic determinants. Through transethnic meta-analysis of European-ancestry and Japanese genome-wide association studies, we identified six loci at genome-wide significance (p < 5 × 10(-8)) for serum albumin (HPN-SCN1B, GCKR-FNDC4, SERPINF2-WDR81, TNFRSF11A-ZCCHC2, FRMD5-WDR76, and RPS11-FCGRT, in up to 53,190 European-ancestry and 9,380 Japanese individuals) and three loci for total protein (TNFRS13B, 6q21.3, and ELL2, in up to 25,539 European-ancestry and 10,168 Japanese individuals). We observed little evidence of heterogeneity in allelic effects at these loci between groups of European and Japanese ancestry but obtained substantial improvements in the resolution of fine mapping of potential causal variants by leveraging transethnic differences in the distribution of linkage disequilibrium. We demonstrated a functional role for the most strongly associated serum albumin locus, HPN, for which Hpn knockout mice manifest low plasma albumin concentrations. Other loci associated with serum albumin harbor genes related to ribosome function, protein translation, and proteasomal degradation, whereas those associated with serum total protein include genes related to immune function. Our results highlight the advantages of transethnic meta-analysis for the discovery and fine mapping of complex trait loci and have provided initial insights into the underlying genetic architecture of serum protein concentrations and their association with human disease.

Navegant entre narracions: recuperant silencis i subjectivitats. Recursos psicosocials en l’atenció a víctimes de violència de gènere en l’àmbit penal (jutjats i cos policial)

El treball pretén aportar un coneixement de caràcter psicosocial sobre els contextos on els professionals del sistema jurídic-penal ofereixen atenció a les víctimes de violència de gènere, concretament, les unitats i oficines habilitades per recollir la denúncia o atestat dins de les comissaries dels Mossos d’esquadra i els jutjats d´instrucció de la dona. L´àmbit territorial va ser Barcelona i Girona. Es va obtenir informació sobre judicis realitzats a l´Audiència provincial, així com documents legals en relació al tema. S’ha analitzat les necessitats i dificultats juntament amb la identificació dels recursos psicosocials que aporten tant aquests professionals com les dones que han patit o estan patit un procés de maltractament per part de la parella. La pretensió es oferir una mirada particular per suggerir transformacions que facilitin el procés d´atenció en aquests contextos, sovint difícil i, que comporta conseqüències emocionals per part de les víctimes i dels mateixos agents que les atenen. S’ha partit de les narracions de les víctimes i dels agents jurídics, com pràctiques socials a partir de les quals podem detectar valors, posicions, normes, emocions i efectes de gènere que permetrà dirigir la intervenció. Com a eines d´anàlisi s’ha fet ús els repertoris interpretatius els quals han permès analitzar les construccions socials i els seus efectes al voltant del maltracte, de les identitats de les víctimes i els victimaris.

Endoscopic subureteral collagen injection for the treatment of vesicoureteral reflux in infants and children.

Between June 1988 and September 1994, 100 girls and 32 boys 2 months to 15.5 years old (average 4.9 years) with 204 refluxing ureteral units were treated by endoscopic subureteral collagen injection. The collagen injected was of bovine origin and cross-linked with glutaraldehyde (Zyplast*). Followup ranged from 3 to 75 months (mean 33). Reflux was absent in 62.7% of cases 3 months after 1 endoscopic subureteral injection. Improvement to reflux grades I and II, generally not requiring further treatment, occurred in a further 15.2% of cases. A total of 66 ureters was injected twice. The overall cure rate after 1 or 2 injections was 79.4% 3 months after injection. There was no correlation between the risk of recurrent reflux and initial degree of reflux. Late recurrence of reflux following a reflux-free period occurred in 11.3% of the 204 units during the observation period, which varied from 3 months to 6 1/4 years. Reflux was absent after 1 or 2 injections, including late recurrence, in 70.6% of cases and in an additional 13.2% recurrent reflux was grade I or II, not necessitating any further treatment. Considering these results, subureteral collagen injection remains an adequate method of treatment for vesicoureteral reflux in children.

Colaniella, foraminifère index du Permien tardif téthysien: propositions pour une taxonomie simplifiée, répartition géographique et environnements

Une classification simplifiee du genre Colaniella LIKHAREV est proposee: Colaniella ex gr. parva, Colaniella ex gr. lepida, Colaniella ex gr. minima. Elle correspond a la division du taxon en trois groupes morphologiques. La repartition geographique de ce taxon est inventoriée de meme que les environnements sedimentaires et les microfaunes associees. Les nouvelles decouvertes de C. ex gr. parva dans Ie Permien superieur des coupes de Mesagros (ile d'Egine, Grece), d'Emarat (N Elbourz, Iran) et du Wadi Wasil dans les montagnes centrales d'Oman sont decrites en detail. L'importance des Colanielles dans la biostratigraphie du Permien superieur tethysien est analysee et clarifiee au vu des travaux recents et Ie problème des migrations est abordé. A simplified taxonomic classification in 3 groups of the genus Colaniella LIKHAREV is proposed: Colaniella ex gr. parva, Colaniella ex gr. lepida, Colaniella ex gr. minima. The repartition of the eight main Colaniella biofacies is given and the paleogeographic distribution of this genus is presented on a late Permian map configuration. New late Permian localities with Colaniella ex gr. parva have been found: Aegina island (Greece), Emmarat in the northern Alborz (Iran) and Wadi Wasit in the central Oman Mountains. The stratigraphic range of Colaniella ex gr. parva is much longer than previously accepted even by specialists. This range begins in the early Midian (Abadehian) and ends in the late Changhsingian (Dorashamian), very close to the range of the genus. For environmental reasons and slow eastward migration we have apparent shorter ranges in the Eastern part of the Tethyan domain.

Imeväisikäisen potilaan hoidon osaaminen : Osa 1: arviointivälineen kehittäminen perustason sairaankuljetukseen : Osa 2: arviointivälineen käyttökelpoisuuden ja luotettavuuden arviointi

Opinnäytetyömme ensimmäisenä tarkoituksena on kuvata imeväisikäisen potilaan hoidossa tarvittavaa osaamista. Toisena tarkoituksena on luoda kirjallisuuskatsauksen avulla arviointiväline eli mittari, jonka avulla arvioidaan perustason sairaankuljettajien osaamista imeväisikäisten kohdalla. Työmme on ensimmäinen osa KUOSCE- hanketta, joka on Keski- Uudenmaan pelastuslaitoksen ja Helsingin ammattikorkeakoulu Stadian monivuotinen yhteistyöhanke. Hankkeen tarkoituksena on luoda osaamisen kehittymisen malli ensihoidon koulutusohjelman ja Keski- Uudenmaan pelastuslaitoksen käyttöön. Olemme kirjallisuuskatsauksessa kuvanneet imeväisikäisen potilaan kehitystä ja hoidossa tarvittavaa osaamista. Hoidon osaamisessa keskityimme siihen, mitä perustason sairaankuljettajan tulee osata hoitaessaan imeväisikäistä potilasta. Kirjallisuuskatsauksessa olemme kuvanneet myös OSCE - menetelmää, sillä arviointivälineemme on kehitetty sen pohjalta. Arviointivälineen kehittämiseksi olemme saaneet ehdotuksia Keski-Uudenmaan pelastuslaitoksen työelämänohjaajilta. Vaikka imeväisikäinen potilas on erittäin harvinainen potilasryhmä, päädyimme silti työelämänohjaajien kanssa siihen lopputulokseen, että kyseisen ryhmän ensihoidon osaamista on tarpeellista testata. Arviointivälineemme on lähetetty työelämän asiantuntijoille, jotta he voisivat arvioida sen osaamisalueiden selkeyttä, yksiselitteisyyttä, arvioitavuutta ja tärkeyttä. Näistä arvioista saimme yhden tarkistettuna takaisin. Arviointivälineen toimivuutta ja käyttökelpoisuutta testasimme viimeisen vuoden ensihoitajaopiskelijoilla (n=15). Esitestauksessa ei ollut tarkoitus arvioida testattavien parien työskentelyä, vaan arviointivälineen luotettavuutta ja käyttökelpoisuutta. Esitestauksen jälkeen jouduimme vielä muokkaamaan arviointivälinettä sillä huomasimme, että siinä eivät kaikki väittämät edenneet loogisesti. Itse arviointivälineen sisältöön emme juurikaan puuttuneet enää esitestauksen jälkeen. Jatkossa aiomme toisessa opinnäyetyössämme testata arviointivälinettä pienellä ryhmällä Keski-Uudenmaan perustason sairaankuljettajia.

Modeling complex wells with the multi-scale finite-volume method

In this paper, an extension of the multi-scale finite-volume (MSFV) method is devised, which allows to Simulate flow and transport in reservoirs with complex well configurations. The new framework fits nicely into the data Structure of the original MSFV method,and has the important property that large patches covering the whole well are not required. For each well. an additional degree of freedom is introduced. While the treatment of pressure-constraint wells is trivial (the well-bore reference pressure is explicitly specified), additional equations have to be solved to obtain the unknown well-bore pressure of rate-constraint wells. Numerical Simulations of test cases with multiple complex wells demonstrate the ability of the new algorithm to capture the interference between the various wells and the reservoir accurately. (c) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Relatório de Estágio Profissional em Psicologia Clínica e da Saúde

Este relatório descreve em grande parte, o processo de estágio nomeadamente, a caracterização dos serviços onde este decorreu. Passa ainda a descrever as respectivas intervenções e actividades realizadas nas enfermarias consoante as demandas de cada uma. Os estudos de casos, e as avaliações psicológicas realizadas dos mesmos estão aqui apresentados com as devidas fundamentações, compreensibilidades, e as respectivas hipóteses diagnósticas.

Caracterización ambiental y potencial pesquero 2004-2011: Bahía de Samanco, Chimbote, Perú.

El desarrollo de la maricultura en la Bahía de Samanco ha ocasionado descarga de restos orgánicos al ecosistema marino; se efectuaron monitoreos en esta Bahía en época de veda y de actividad pesquera industrial del 2005 al 2010; temperatura, salinidad y nutrientes se mantuvieron normales, pudiéndose afirmar que la capacidad de resiliencia del ecosistema no está afectada. Los parámetros fisicoquímicos, aceites y grasa presentaron altas concentraciones del 2007 al 2010, en relación al valor límite de los Estándares de Calidad Ambiental. La pesca artesanal generó 21.416 t de recursos hidrobiológicos, conformado por moluscos 57,78%, peces óseos 38,68%, equinodermos 3,20% y crustáceos, celentéreos y algas. La diversidad correspondió a 114 especies, mayor relevancia íctica dada por pejerrey, lisa, machete, lorna y coco; los invertebrados fueron concha de abanico, navajuela, calamar, marucha, caracol y ancoco. La captura de la pesca industrial de madera y artesanal anchovetera para consumo fue de 7.039 t, se identificaron 15 especies: peces (13) e invertebrados (2), la anchoveta aportó 98,71%. Se registraron 11 especies de fitoplancton potencialmente tóxicos, diatomeas: Pseudonitzschia cf delicatissima y P. pungens; dinoflagelados: Alexandrium sp., Dinophysis acuminata, D. caudata, D. rotundata, D. tripos, Gymnodinium sp., Prorocentrum mínimum, Protoperidinium crassipes y P. depressum.

Measuring researchers' use of scholarly information through social bookmarking data: a case study of BibSonomy

This paper explores the possibility of using data from social bookmarking services to measure the use of information by academic researchers. Social bookmarking data can be used to augment participative methods (e.g. interviews and surveys) and other, non-participative methods (e.g. citation analysis and transaction logs) to measure the use of scholarly information. We use BibSonomy, a free resource-sharing system, as a case study. Results show that published journal articles are by far the most popular type of source bookmarked, followed by conference proceedings and books. Commercial journal publisher platforms are the most popular type of information resource bookmarked, followed by websites, records in databases and digital repositories. Usage of open access information resources is low in comparison with toll access journals. In the case of open access repositories, there is a marked preference for the use of subject-based repositories over institutional repositories. The results are consistent with those observed in related studies based on surveys and citation analysis, confirming the possible use of bookmarking data in studies of information behaviour in academic settings. The main advantages of using social bookmarking data are that is an unobtrusive approach, it captures the reading habits of researchers who are not necessarily authors, and data are readily available. The main limitation is that a significant amount of human resources is required in cleaning and standardizing the data.

BCOR analysis in patients with OFCD and Lenz microphthalmia syndromes, mental retardation with ocular anomalies, and cardiac laterality defects.

Oculofaciocardiodental (OFCD) and Lenz microphthalmia syndromes form part of a spectrum of X-linked microphthalmia disorders characterized by ocular, dental, cardiac and skeletal anomalies and mental retardation. The two syndromes are allelic, caused by mutations in the BCL-6 corepressor gene (BCOR). To extend the series of phenotypes associated with pathogenic mutations in BCOR, we sequenced the BCOR gene in patients with (1) OFCD syndrome, (2) putative X-linked ('Lenz') microphthalmia syndrome, (3) isolated ocular defects and (4) laterality phenotypes. We present a new cohort of females with OFCD syndrome and null mutations in BCOR, supporting the hypothesis that BCOR is the sole molecular cause of this syndrome. We identify for the first time mosaic BCOR mutations in two females with OFCD syndrome and one apparently asymptomatic female. We present a female diagnosed with isolated ocular defects and identify minor features of OFCD syndrome, suggesting that OFCD syndrome may be mild and underdiagnosed. We have sequenced a cohort of males diagnosed with putative X-linked microphthalmia and found a mutation, p.P85L, in a single case, suggesting that BCOR mutations are not a major cause of X-linked microphthalmia in males. The absence of BCOR mutations in a panel of patients with non-specific laterality defects suggests that mutations in BCOR are not a major cause of isolated heart and laterality defects. Phenotypic analysis of OFCD and Lenz microphthalmia syndromes shows that in addition to the standard diagnostic criteria of congenital cataract, microphthalmia and radiculomegaly, patients should be examined for skeletal defects, particularly radioulnar synostosis, and cardiac/laterality defects.