Applications of Infrared Thermography in sports. A review

La termografía infrarroja (TI) registra el calor irradiado de un cuerpo, que es emitido en un rango del espectro electromagnético que la visión humana no es capaz de identificar. La respuesta térmica depende de una serie de ajustes fisiológicos específicos como la homeostasis corporal y salud del deportista, lo cual permite establecer interesantes aplicaciones en el deporte. El objetivo de este trabajo ha sido revisar la literatura en torno a las aplicaciones de la TI en el ámbito del deporte, y proponer las características óptimas del registro en relación al evaluado, las condiciones ambientales y la cámara utilizada. Concluimos que la principal contribución de la TI en el ámbito del deporte es ayudar a identificar signos de lesión antes de que la lesión se produzca, permitiéndonos actuar de manera preventiva durante el proceso de entrenamiento.

Reliability and reproductibility of skin temperature of overweight subjects by an infrared thermograpy software designed for human beings

The technical improvement and new applications of Infrared Thermography (IRT) with healthy subjects should be accompanied by results about the reproducibility of IRT measurements in different popula-tion groups. In addition, there is a remarkable necessity of a larger supply on software to analyze IRT images of human beings. Therefore, the objectives of this study were: firstly, to investigate the reproducibility of skin temperature (Tsk) on overweight and obese subjects using IRT in different Regions of Interest (ROI), moments and side-to-side differences (?T); and secondly, to check the reliability of a new software called Termotracker®, specialized on the analysis of IRT images of human beings. Methods: 22 overweight and obese males (11) and females (11) (age: 41,51±7,76 years; height: 1,65±0,09 m; weight: 82,41±11,81 Kg; BMI: 30,17±2,58 kg/m²) were assessed in two consecutive thermograms (5 seconds in-between) by the same observer, using an infrared camera (FLIR T335, Sweden) to get 4 IRT images from the whole body. 11 ROI were selected using Termotracker® to analyze its reproducibility and reliability through Intra-class Correlation Coefficient (ICC) and Coefficient of Variation (CV) values. Results: The reproducibility of the side-to-side differences (?T) between two consecutive thermograms was very high in all ROIs (Mean ICC = 0,989), and excellent between two computers (Mean ICC = 0,998). The re-liability of the software was very high in all the ROIs (Mean ICC = 0,999). Intraexaminer reliability analysing the same subjects in two consecutive thermograms was also very high (Mean ICC = 0,997). CV values of the different ROIs were around 2%. Conclusions: Skin temperature on overweight subjects had an excellent reproducibility for consecutive ther-mograms. The reproducibility of thermal asymmetries (?T) was also good but it had the influence of several factors that should be further investigated. Termotracker® reached excellent reliability results and it is a relia-ble and objective software to analyse IRT images of humans beings.

Morteros de cemento con adiciones de humo de sílice y nanosílice

La combinación de nuevos materiales para lograr una mejoría en las propiedades del mortero y del hormigón, ha dado impulso al desarrollo de muchas investigaciones en la actualidad. La lucha por lograr materiales resistentes y durables es hoy en día el objetivo principal de los investigadores de materiales. La variación en las dosificaciones, la sustitución de materiales, la utilización de adiciones, nanopartículas y fibras, entre otras, son novedades que antes eran impensables en el mundo del hormigón. El presente trabajo enmarcado dentro de un Trabajo Fin de Máster, pretende evaluar el efecto de la adición simultánea de Humo de Sílice y Nanosílice en morteros, a nivel microestructural y macroestructural, las adiciones se suministrarán en porcentajes variables respecto del peso del cemento y comparando con un mortero de referencia sin adiciones. Para poder realizar estas comparaciones se ha diseñado una campaña experimental que engloba ensayos a nivel microestructural, refiriéndose a porosimetría por intrusión de mercurio (PIM) y análisis térmico diferencial (ATD), y a nivel macroestructural la evaluación de resistencias a flexo-tracción y compresión respectivamente. Finalmente se ha realizado un análisis de los resultados, se han planteado las conclusiones y las propuestas para trabajos futuros.

Efficient parallelization of a regional ocean model for the western Mediterranean Sea

This paper focuses on the parallelization of an ocean model applying current multicore processor-based cluster architectures to an irregular computational mesh. The aim is to maximize the efficiency of the computational resources used. To make the best use of the resources offered by these architectures, this parallelization has been addressed at all the hardware levels of modern supercomputers: firstly, exploiting the internal parallelism of the CPU through vectorization; secondly, taking advantage of the multiple cores of each node using OpenMP; and finally, using the cluster nodes to distribute the computational mesh, using MPI for communication within the nodes. The speedup obtained with each parallelization technique as well as the combined overall speedup have been measured for the western Mediterranean Sea for different cluster configurations, achieving a speedup factor of 73.3 using 256 processors. The results also show the efficiency achieved in the different cluster nodes and the advantages obtained by combining OpenMP and MPI versus using only OpenMP or MPI. Finally, the scalability of the model has been analysed by examining computation and communication times as well as the communication and synchronization overhead due to parallelization.

FR Cnc revisited: photometry, polarimetry and spectroscopy

This paper is part of a multiwavelength study aimed at using complementary photometric, polarimetric and spectroscopic data to achieve an understanding of the activity process in late-type stars. Here, we present the study of FR Cnc, a young, active and spotted star. We performed analysis of All Sky Automated Survey 3 (ASAS-3) data for the years 2002–08 and amended the value of the rotational period to be 0.826518 d. The amplitude of photometric variations decreased abruptly in the year 2005, while the mean brightness remained the same, which was interpreted as a quick redistribution of spots. BVR_C and I_C broad-band photometric calibration was performed for 166 stars in FR Cnc vicinity. The photometry at Terskol Observatory shows two brightening episodes, one of which occurred at the same phase as the flare of 2006 November 23. Polarimetric BVR observations indicate the probable presence of a supplementary source of polarization. We monitored FR Cnc spectroscopically during the years 2004–08. We concluded that the radial velocity changes cannot be explained by the binary nature of FR Cnc. We determined the spectral type of FR Cnc as K7V. Calculated galactic space-velocity components (U, V, W) indicate that FR Cnc belongs to the young disc population and might also belong to the IC 2391 moving group. Based on Li Iλ6707.8 measurement, we estimated the age of FR Cnc to be between 10 and 120 Myr. Doppler tomography was applied to create a starspot image of FR Cnc. We optimized the goodness of fit to the deconvolved profiles for axial inclination, equivalent width and v sin i, finding v sin  i=46.2 km s^−1 and i= 55°. We also generated a syntheticV-band light curve based on Doppler imaging that makes simultaneous use of spectroscopic and photometric data. This synthetic light curve displays the same morphology and amplitude as the observed one. The starspot distribution of FR Cnc is also of interest since it is one of the latest spectral types to have been imaged. No polar spot was detected on FR Cnc.

Chemical characterization of emissions from a municipal solid waste treatment plant

Gaseous emissions are an important problem in municipal solid waste (MSW) treatment plants. The sources points of emissions considered in the present work are: fresh compost, mature compost, landfill leaks and leachate ponds. Hydrogen sulphide, ammonia and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were analysed in the emissions from these sources. Hydrogen sulphide and ammonia were important contributors to the total emission volume. Landfill leaks are significant source points of emissions of H2S; the average concentration of H2S in biogas from the landfill leaks is around 1700 ppmv. The fresh composting site was also an important contributor of H2S to the total emission volume; its concentration varied between 3.2 and 1.7 ppmv and a decrease with time was observed. The mature composting site showed a reduction of H2S concentration (<0.1 ppmv). Leachate pond showed a low concentration of H2S (in order of ppbv). Regarding NH3, composting sites and landfill leaks are notable source points of emissions (composting sites varied around 30–600 ppmv; biogas from landfill leaks varied from 160 to 640 ppmv). Regarding VOCs, the main compounds were: limonene, p-cymene, pinene, cyclohexane, reaching concentrations around 0.2–4.3 ppmv. H2S/NH3, limonene/p-cymene, limonene/cyclohexane ratios can be useful for analysing and identifying the emission sources.

Suplemento á las Memorias para ayudar á formar un diccionario crítico de los escritores catalanes y dar alguna idea de la antigua y moderna literatura de Cataluña,

Mode of access: Internet.

Obras completas de Buffon. con las clasificaciones comparadas de Cuvier y la continuación hasta el día /

Mode of access: Internet.

Liber Prognosticorum Hippocratis ... : additis Annotationibus in Galeni Commentarios ... /

Mode of access: Internet.

Observationes Fredenandi Pintiani ... in loca obscura, aut deprauata, historiae naturalis C. Plinij cum retractationibus quoru[m]da[m] locoru[m] geographiae Po[m]ponij Melae ...

Mode of access: Internet.

Arte de conservar la salud y prolongar la vida ó Tratado de higiene /

Mode of access: Internet.

Manifiesto de las ocurrencias mas principales de la plaza de Ciudad-Rodrigo, desde la causa formada en el Real Sitio del Escorial al Serenísimo Señor Príncipe de Austurias (sic), hoy nuestro amado soberano, hasta la evacuación de la plaza de Almeyda en el reyno de Portugal por los franceses en el dia 1o de octubre de 1808 /

Mode of access: Internet.

Nuevo methodo para curar flatos, hypocondria, vapores y ataques hystericos de las mugeres de todos estados y en todo estado, con el qual los enfermos podrán por sí cuidar de su salud en falta de medico que les dirija /

Mode of access: Internet.

Las obras de Hippocrates mas selectas.

Contiene: Libro de los pronósticos.

Arnaldi de Villanoua... op[er]a nuperrime reuisa: vna cu[m] ipsius vita rece[n]ter hic apposita. Additus est etia[m] tractatus de philosophoru[m] lapide intitulatus.

NLM, 308. P, 365381.