(Reseña sobre) L'invenzione di un medioevo americano. Rappresentazioni moderne del passato coloniale in Argentina, de Amanda Salvioni

Fil: Añón, Valeria. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación; Argentina.

Analysis and visualization of the dynamics of research groups in terms of projects and co-authored publications : A case study of library and information science in Argentina

Objective: The present study offers a novel methodological contribution to the study of the configuration and dynamics of research groups, through a comparative perspective of the projects funded (inputs) and publication co-authorships (output). Method: A combination of bibliometric techniques and social network analysis was applied to a case study: the Departmento de Bibliotecología (DHUBI), Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Argentina, for the period 2000-2009. The results were interpreted statistically and staff members of the department, were interviewed. Results: The method makes it possible to distinguish groups, identify their members and reflect group make-up through an analytical strategy that involves the categorization of actors and the interdisciplinary and national or international projection of the networks that they configure. The integration of these two aspects (input and output) at different points in time over the analyzed period leads to inferences about group profiles and the roles of actors. Conclusions: The methodology presented is conducive to micro-level interpretations in a given area of study, regarding individual researchers or research groups. Because the comparative input-output analysis broadens the base of information and makes it possible to follow up, over time, individual and group trends, it may prove very useful for the management, promotion and evaluation of science

History of professional guidance in Argentina

Professional guidance has developed in Argentina since 1940, influenced by the guidance which in that time came from Spain, France, Belgium and Switzerland. The paper analyzes the first experiences in professional guidance, developed both in the great industrial cities as Buenos Aires and Rosario, and little urban centres as Tucumán or San Luis. The institutional and political context of such experiences is also analyzed, as well as the State's full support of them.

El campo científico argentino en los años de plomo : Desplazamientos y reorientación de los recursos

El golpe de Estado producido en 1976 abrió una de las etapas más sombrías para el campo académico y científico argentino. Las universidades nacionales fueron intervenidas militarmente y se desplegaron acciones de terror material y simbólico: desmantelamiento de centros de investigación, disminución de la matrícula universitaria y reducción del plantel docente, persecución ideológica, cesantías masivas. El CONICET sufrió procesos de depuración-expulsión de investigadores y de concentración de cargos directivos en manos de un reducido grupo de agentes. Intentaremos comprender las orientaciones de esta compleja política científico-universitaria, poniendo el foco en un aspecto escasamente explorado: la transferencia de recursos de la Finalidad Ciencia y Técnica del Presupuesto General de la Administración Nacional desde las universidades hacia el CONICET. Nos proponemos analizar cómo en este periodo el Consejo creció en términos estructurales, de recursos humanos y materiales y, simultáneamente, las universidades nacionales fueron despojadas de su actividad de investigación

Experimentación científica, genética aviar y dictadura militar en el Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (1956-1976)

Este artículo analiza una experiencia pionera de investigación y experimentación orientada a la actividad agropecuaria argentina, radicada en el Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Con el objetivo de identificar rupturas y continuidades en la orientación de las actividades del Instituto durante su intervención militar y conexiones con la dinámica socio-económica del período, se estudia una de sus líneas de investigación, abocada a desarrollar una línea genética aviar nacional. A partir de publicaciones científicas, documentos institucionales, prensa de la época y entrevistas a informantes clave, se reconstruye y analiza esta trayectoria y su desmantelamiento durante la última dictadura (1976-1983)

An exploratory study of cultural understanding in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) reading in Argentina

Fil: Porto, Melina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación; Argentina.

Analysis and visualization of the dynamics of research groups in terms of projects and co-authored publications : A case study of library and information science in Argentina

Objective: The present study offers a novel methodological contribution to the study of the configuration and dynamics of research groups, through a comparative perspective of the projects funded (inputs) and publication co-authorships (output). Method: A combination of bibliometric techniques and social network analysis was applied to a case study: the Departmento de Bibliotecología (DHUBI), Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Argentina, for the period 2000-2009. The results were interpreted statistically and staff members of the department, were interviewed. Results: The method makes it possible to distinguish groups, identify their members and reflect group make-up through an analytical strategy that involves the categorization of actors and the interdisciplinary and national or international projection of the networks that they configure. The integration of these two aspects (input and output) at different points in time over the analyzed period leads to inferences about group profiles and the roles of actors. Conclusions: The methodology presented is conducive to micro-level interpretations in a given area of study, regarding individual researchers or research groups. Because the comparative input-output analysis broadens the base of information and makes it possible to follow up, over time, individual and group trends, it may prove very useful for the management, promotion and evaluation of science

History of professional guidance in Argentina

Professional guidance has developed in Argentina since 1940, influenced by the guidance which in that time came from Spain, France, Belgium and Switzerland. The paper analyzes the first experiences in professional guidance, developed both in the great industrial cities as Buenos Aires and Rosario, and little urban centres as Tucumán or San Luis. The institutional and political context of such experiences is also analyzed, as well as the State's full support of them.

El campo científico argentino en los años de plomo : Desplazamientos y reorientación de los recursos

El golpe de Estado producido en 1976 abrió una de las etapas más sombrías para el campo académico y científico argentino. Las universidades nacionales fueron intervenidas militarmente y se desplegaron acciones de terror material y simbólico: desmantelamiento de centros de investigación, disminución de la matrícula universitaria y reducción del plantel docente, persecución ideológica, cesantías masivas. El CONICET sufrió procesos de depuración-expulsión de investigadores y de concentración de cargos directivos en manos de un reducido grupo de agentes. Intentaremos comprender las orientaciones de esta compleja política científico-universitaria, poniendo el foco en un aspecto escasamente explorado: la transferencia de recursos de la Finalidad Ciencia y Técnica del Presupuesto General de la Administración Nacional desde las universidades hacia el CONICET. Nos proponemos analizar cómo en este periodo el Consejo creció en términos estructurales, de recursos humanos y materiales y, simultáneamente, las universidades nacionales fueron despojadas de su actividad de investigación

Post-1988 civil-military relations in Myanmar

This paper explores the development of civil–military relations in Myanmar since 1988. After the Tatmadaw (Myanmar Armed Forces) took over the state by means of a coup d’état in 1988, the top generals ruled the country without recourse to significant formal political institutions such as a constitution, elections and parliament. A unique authoritarian regime, where political power was predominantly under the military’s influence, lasted for more than 20 years in the country. It seemed to many observers that the military regime was highly durable and that its dictator, General Than Shwe, had no intention of altering the highly repressive character of the political system. However, a new leader, President Thein Sein, who came to power in March 2011, has decided to implement some political and economic reforms that could undermine the Tatmadaw’s dominant role in politics and the economy. This paper examines the background to this sudden political change in Myanmar, focusing on the relationship between its dictator, the military and the state. This paper’s main argument is that Than Shwe has carefully prepared the transition of 2011 as a generational change in the Tatmadaw and in state leadership. The argument is also made that the challenges created by Thein Sein can be understood as a result of his redefinition of national security and balancing of security-centralism with state-led developmentalism.

Prospect for development of Open Access in Argentina

This perspective article presents an overview of the Open Access movement in Argentina, from a global and regional (Latin American) context. The article describes the evolution and current state of initiatives by examining two principal approaches to Open Access in Argentina: golden and green roads. The article will then turn its attention to: the support that Open Access receives from governmental sources; collaboration with international projects; and the perspective of Argentine authors regarding Open Access and self-archiving. It concludes with a reflection on the outlook, the main barriers and opportunities for Open Access in Argentina