Du Courage et de la patience dans le traitement des maladies, par Pasta,... traduction de l'italien par Jouenne,... suivie du Poème de l'esprit du sage médecin, du Dr Delaunay

Comprend : De l'Esprit du sage médecin

Prévalence des maladies infectieuses au Centre hospitalier universitaire vaudois [Prevalence of infectious diseases at the Vaud University Hospital Center].

The prevalence of infectious diseases at our hospital (Centre hospitalier universitaire vaudois, Lausanne [CHUV], 900 beds) was studied retrospectively over a two years period (1980-1981). The medical diagnosis of 30203 patients recorded in the computerized medical archives, representing 93% of the patients admitted during the period of observation, was reviewed. To assess the reliability of the computerized data, quality control was carried out through detailed analysis of all the histologically proven appendicitis recorded during 1981. 88% of the histologically proven appendicitis were registered in the computer and the diagnosis was specific in 87% of cases. An infectious disease was the primary reason for admission in 12.8% of the patients (3873) during the study period. Altogether, 20.2% of patients presented with an infection during their hospital stay. Because of the retrospective nature of the study it was not possible to determine whether these additional infections were nosocomially acquired. The organ systems most frequently infected were the respiratory tract (28.5% of all infections), the digestive tract (20.5%), the skin and osteoarticular system (16%) and the urogenital tract (11.6%). An infection was the primary reason for admission of 40.2% of the patients hospitalized in the dermatology service, of 19.7% of patients admitted in internal medicine, of 15-17% of the patients admitted in pediatrics, ENT and general surgery, and of 1-2% of the patients admitted in neurosurgery and radiotherapy. These observations highlight the continuing importance of infectious diseases in a modern hospital, in spite of high socio-economic levels, stringent hygiene and epidemiologic measures, and modern antibiotic availability.

Les conséquences rénales de l'anorexie [Anorexia nervosa and the kidney].

Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a severe and potentially lethal disease of the young woman. It is defined as an anxious disorder not to gain weight, and an obsessive behavior regarding body weight and physical appearance. Different and variable patterns of behaviour are observed. This article focuses on the renal problems observed in anorexic patients. Anorexia is often associated with severe electrolyte disturbances, such as hypokalemia and hypophosphatemia, and alterations of water metabolism with hyponatremia and edema. Hypokalemia and chronic dehydration may contribute to the development of renal failure. Even end stage renal disease can be observed in these patients. A better understanding of the pathophysiology might improve treatment of patients suffering from AN.

[Archives de la parole]. , [Conversation la lessive] ; [Conversation sur les maladies] / [Ferdinand Brunot], collecteur ; [Mélanie Touzet, 57 ans, garde-barrière], voix ; [Mme Rivière, 78 ans, cultivatrice], voix

[Traditions. France. Berry]

Maladies rares et médicaments orphelins: un défi de santé publique

Définies par une prévalence inférieure à 1⁄2000, lesmaladies rares toucheraient 5 à 6 % de la population,soit environ 500 000 personnes en Suisse. Une vasteenquête européenne a révélé pour la première foisavec précision les difficultés et les besoins despatients atteints, et montré que leur prise en chargen'est pas optimale. Des plans nationaux pour lesmaladies rares ont été développés ou vont l'être aucours de prochaines années dans la plupart des payseuropéens. La Suisse a un retard de plusieurs annéesdans ce domaine, mais des initiatives récentespourraient permettre de le combler si elles sontlargement soutenues. Les médicaments orphelins,destinés à un petit nombre de patients mais souventextrêmement coûteux, sont une source potentiellede tensions entre intérêt individuel et intérêt collectif.Entité éthique, sociale, économique, mais aussiscientifique et clinique, les maladies rares et leurstraitements confrontent aux limites des connaissanceset des ressources. Elles constituent un enjeu de santépublique et un défi que la Suisse est invitée à relever.