Disseny d’un programa que assisteix en la seqüenciació de peces de taller basats en mètodes heurístics

El GREP (grup de recerca de producte, procés i producció) de la UdG actualmentdisposa d’una eina informàtica desenvolupada en un PFC del 2003 que li permet fer la seqüenciació de la producció d’un taller mecànic amb un màxim de cinc productes, un nombre definit de possibles rutes de fabricació per a cada producte i tres màquines. Aquesta eina és molt resolutiva per a aquests casos, ja que estudia totes les possibilitats i les comprova una per una. No obstant aquest fet presenta una sèrie de limitacions com són el temps d’execució doncs al comprovar totes les seqüències té un elevat cost computacional i la rigidesa del sistema doncs no ens permet seqüenciar més productes ni més màquines. Per tal de donar solució a aquest problema es planteja generar una nova eina informàtica a partir de l’actual però que permeti seqüenciar més peces sense ocupar tanta memòria per així implementar-hi futures millores com el temps de preparació etc... Per a desenvolupar l’eina informàtica s’han utilitzat mètodes heurístics, concretament dos que són: algoritmes genètics i cerca TABU. Aquests mètodes destaquen perquè no busquen totes les combinacions possibles sinó que estudien una sèrie de combinacions i utilitzant mètodes de creuament i generació d’entorns busquen una solució

Desenvolupament d'una draga per al mostreig de sòls marins

A l'empresa PRAESENTIS S.L. se li proposà la construcció d'una draga per utilitzar-la en el mostreig de sòls marins en expedicions científiques a mar obert. Segons les especificacions del projecte, la draga resultant haurà de ser capaç de recollir mostres d'una capacitat d'entre 60 i 80 l. amb una profunditat de cavat de fins a 20 cm., i haurà de poder assolir profunditats de treball de fins a 500 m. per sota el nivell del mar. El tipus de sòl en el qual es treballarà és de tipus arenós. La draga projectada és un mecanisme basat en una pala bivalva activada per un cilindre hidràulic que utilitza com a bancada una estructura que a l'hora fa la funció de xassís

Aplicació de visió per dispositius mòbils

En aquest projecte es presenta l’aplicació per a dispositius mòbils Doppelganger. La seva funció és, a partir d’una fotografia, detectar la cara i mostrar la persona famosa de la nostra base de dades que més s’assembla a la persona en la fotografia. Per la implementació s’han utilitzat algoritmes de visió per computador i d’aprenentatge automàtic com per exemple el PCA i el K-Nearest Neighbor, tot utilitzant llibreries gratuïtes com són les OpenCV.

Automated quantitative histology reveals vascular morphodynamics during Arabidopsis hypocotyl secondary growth.

Among various advantages, their small size makes model organisms preferred subjects of investigation. Yet, even in model systems detailed analysis of numerous developmental processes at cellular level is severely hampered by their scale. For instance, secondary growth of Arabidopsis hypocotyls creates a radial pattern of highly specialized tissues that comprises several thousand cells starting from a few dozen. This dynamic process is difficult to follow because of its scale and because it can only be investigated invasively, precluding comprehensive understanding of the cell proliferation, differentiation, and patterning events involved. To overcome such limitation, we established an automated quantitative histology approach. We acquired hypocotyl cross-sections from tiled high-resolution images and extracted their information content using custom high-throughput image processing and segmentation. Coupled with automated cell type recognition through machine learning, we could establish a cellular resolution atlas that reveals vascular morphodynamics during secondary growth, for example equidistant phloem pole formation. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.01567.001.

Ultra high throughput sequencing in human DNA variation detection: a comparative study on the NDUFA3-PRPF31 region.

BACKGROUND: Ultra high throughput sequencing (UHTS) technologies find an important application in targeted resequencing of candidate genes or of genomic intervals from genetic association studies. Despite the extraordinary power of these new methods, they are still rarely used in routine analysis of human genomic variants, in part because of the absence of specific standard procedures. The aim of this work is to provide human molecular geneticists with a tool to evaluate the best UHTS methodology for efficiently detecting DNA changes, from common SNPs to rare mutations. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We tested the three most widespread UHTS platforms (Roche/454 GS FLX Titanium, Illumina/Solexa Genome Analyzer II and Applied Biosystems/SOLiD System 3) on a well-studied region of the human genome containing many polymorphisms and a very rare heterozygous mutation located within an intronic repetitive DNA element. We identify the qualities and the limitations of each platform and describe some peculiarities of UHTS in resequencing projects. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: When appropriate filtering and mapping procedures are applied UHTS technology can be safely and efficiently used as a tool for targeted human DNA variations detection. Unless particular and platform-dependent characteristics are needed for specific projects, the most relevant parameter to consider in mainstream human genome resequencing procedures is the cost per sequenced base-pair associated to each machine.

An empirical study of machine learning techniques applied to image watermarking

A study of how the machine learning technique, known as gentleboost, could improve different digital watermarking methods such as LSB, DWT, DCT2 and Histogram shifting.

DTE Document Tècnic de l'Edificació : cobertes enjardinades planes i amb pendent

L’objectiu principal d’aquest projecte és actualitzar, augmentar i millorar en el contingut, tots els punts de la NTE - QAA/1976 Normativa Tecnològica de l’edificació “Cubiertas Azoteas Ajardinadas” que hagin quedat desfasats. Es pretén donar a conèixer la tecnologia utilitzada en les cobertes enjardinades i els diferents materials que es poden utilitzar per a l’execució d’una coberta enjardinada. Els objectius de més interès són els relacionats amb el nostre entorn més immediat i la sostenibilitat d’aquest sistema, ja que es tracta d’un sistema garantit per al bon funcionament i durabilitat de la coberta. La voluntat d’aquest Document Tècnic és transmetre la importància que té la utilització d’aquest concepte de cobertes per a la millora dels nostres espais

University and Network Society : research report (synthesis document)

Document de síntesi d'aquest estudi que analitza -seguint una metodologia quantitativa basada en una mostra representativa de 2.093 professors i 23.864 estudiants i reforçada amb elements qualitatius- la transició que es produeix en el sistema universitari públic català cap a un model més adaptat a les noves necessitats de la societat xarxa. Per a això, es posa especial èmfasi en l'anàlisi dels usos que es fa d'Internet (l'eina clau de la societat xarxa) en el món universitari i en les transformacions que es donen o es donaran com a conseqüència d'aquests usos.

Health literacy [Document électronique] : an economic perspective and data for Switzerland. Part 2, A review of health literacy measures and a cost assessment of limited health literacy

Summary : 1. Measuring health literacy in Switzerland: a review of six surveys: 1.1 Comparison of questionnaires - 1.2 Measures of health literacy in Switzerland - 1.3 Discussion of Swiss data on HL - 1.4 Description of the six surveys: 1.4.1 Current health trends and health literacy in the Swiss population (gfs-UNIVOX), 1.4.2 Nutrition, physical exercise and body weight : opinions and perceptions of the Swiss population (USI), 1.4.3 Health Literacy in Switzerland (ISPMZ), 1.4.4 Swiss Health Survey (SHS), 1.4.5 Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE), 1.4.6 Adult literacy and life skills survey (ALL). - 2 . Economic costs of low health literacy in Switzerland: a rough calculation. Appendix: Screenshots cost model

Consensus document on allergic conjunctivitis (DECA).

Allergic conjunctivitis (AC) is an inflammatory disease of the conjunctiva caused mainly by an IgE-mediated mechanism. It is the most common type of ocular allergy. Despite being the most benign form of conjunctivitis, AC has a considerable effect on patient quality of life, reduces work productivity, and increases health care costs. No consensus has been reached on its classification, diagnosis, or treatment. Consequently, the literature provides little information on its natural history, epidemiological data are scarce, and it is often difficult to ascertain its true morbidity. The main objective of the Consensus Document on Allergic Conjunctivitis (Documento dE Consenso sobre Conjuntivitis Alérgica [DECA]), which was drafted by an expert panel from the Spanish Society of Allergology and Spanish Society of Ophthalmology, was to reach agreement on basic criteria that could prove useful for both specialists and primary care physicians and facilitate the diagnosis, classification, and treatment of AC. This document is the first of its kind to describe and analyze aspects of AC that could make it possible to control symptoms.

X-chromosome SNP analyses in 11 human Mediterranean populations show a high overall genetic homogeneity except in North-west Africans (Moroccans).

BACKGROUND: Due to its history, with a high number of migration events, the Mediterranean basin represents a challenging area for population genetic studies. A large number of genetic studies have been carried out in the Mediterranean area using different markers but no consensus has been reached on the genetic landscape of the Mediterranean populations. In order to further investigate the genetics of the human Mediterranean populations, we typed 894 individuals from 11 Mediterranean populations with 25 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) located on the X-chromosome. RESULTS: A high overall homogeneity was found among the Mediterranean populations except for the population from Morocco, which seemed to differ genetically from the rest of the populations in the Mediterranean area. A very low genetic distance was found between populations in the Middle East and most of the western part of the Mediterranean Sea.A higher migration rate in females versus males was observed by comparing data from X-chromosome, mt-DNA and Y-chromosome SNPs both in the Mediterranean and a wider geographic area.Multilocus association was observed among the 25 SNPs on the X-chromosome in the populations from Ibiza and Cosenza. CONCLUSION: Our results support both the hypothesis of (1) a reduced impact of the Neolithic Wave and more recent migration movements in NW-Africa, and (2) the importance of the Strait of Gibraltar as a geographic barrier. In contrast, the high genetic homogeneity observed in the Mediterranean area could be interpreted as the result of the Neolithic wave caused by a large demic diffusion and/or more recent migration events. A differentiated contribution of males and females to the genetic landscape of the Mediterranean area was observed with a higher migration rate in females than in males. A certain level of background linkage disequilibrium in populations in Ibiza and Cosenza could be attributed to their demographic background.

Implementing statistical learning methods through Bayesian networks (Part 2): bayesian evaluations for results of black toner analyses in forensic document examination

This paper presents and discusses the use of Bayesian procedures - introduced through the use of Bayesian networks in Part I of this series of papers - for 'learning' probabilities from data. The discussion will relate to a set of real data on characteristics of black toners commonly used in printing and copying devices. Particular attention is drawn to the incorporation of the proposed procedures as an integral part in probabilistic inference schemes (notably in the form of Bayesian networks) that are intended to address uncertainties related to particular propositions of interest (e.g., whether or not a sample originates from a particular source). The conceptual tenets of the proposed methodologies are presented along with aspects of their practical implementation using currently available Bayesian network software.