Geopolitical shifts in the Eastern Mediterranean. Security Policy Brief No. 43, February 2013

Three major geopolitical events are putting the stability of the Eastern Mediterranean at risk. Most of the region is in a deep monetary and economic crisis. The Arab Spring is causing turmoil in the Levant and the Maghreb. Gas and oil discoveries, if not well managed, could further destabilise the region. At the same time, Russia and Turkey are staging a comeback. In the face of these challenges, the EU approaches the Greek sovereign debt crisis nearly exclusively from a financial and economic viewpoint. This brief argues that the EU has to develop a comprehensive strategy for the region, complementing its existing multilateral regional framework with bilateral agreements in order to secure its interests in the Eastern Mediterranean.

Pool it, share it, use it: the European Council on defence. Security Policy Brief No. 44, March 2013

Three major geopolitical events are putting the stability of the Eastern Mediterranean at risk. Most of the region is in a deep monetary and economic crisis. The Arab Spring is causing turmoil in the Levant and the Maghreb. Gas and oil discoveries, if not well managed, could further destabilise the region. At the same time, Russia and Turkey are staging a comeback. In the face of these challenges, the EU approaches the Greek sovereign debt crisis nearly exclusively from a financial and economic viewpoint. This brief argues that the EU has to develop a comprehensive strategy for the region, complementing its existing multilateral regional framework with bilateral agreements in order to secure its interests in the Eastern Mediterranean.

Energy in the Eastern Mediterranean: promise or peril? Egmont Paper No. 65, May 2014

From the Introduction. In order to address the different challenges and opportunities on energy cooperation in the Eastern Mediterranean Region and Levant Basin, EGMONT – The Royal Institute for International Relations of Belgium – together with the Atlantic Council, and supported by H. E. Belgian Minister for Foreign Affairs Didier Reynders, opened an expert dialogue in 2013 in order to look at how the management of the new energy resources could act as a vector of cooperation instead of conflict between the concerned countries. The activities have targeted finding new possibilities for cooperation on political and security challenges, energy infrastructure development, the regulatory and legal framework, environmental concerns, and bilateral and regional structures, in a manner that enhances stability and security in the region, increases European energy security, contributes to rather than hinders a comprehensive Cyprus settlement, and promotes wider regional cooperation.

Rapport sur les mesures à prendre en Orient pour prévenir de nouvelles invasions du choléra en Europe.

Mode of access: Internet.

Dictionnaire turc-français en caractères turcs et latins : avec des exemples /

Mode of access: Internet.

Choix des lettres édifiantes : écrites des missions étrangères ; avec des additions, des notes critiques, et des observations pour la plus grande intelligence de ces lettres ; précédé d'un tableaux géographique de la Chine, de sa politique, des sectes religieuses, de la littérature, et de l'état actuel du Christianisme chez ce peuple /

t. 1-3. Missions de la Chine.--t.4. Missions de l'Inde.--t.5-6. Missions du Levant.--t.7-8. Missions de l'Amérique.

Complete writings.

I. My summer in a garden. Calvin: a character study. Backlog studies. Baddeck, and that sort of thing.--II. Saunterings.--III. My winter on the Nile.--IV. In the Levant.--V. A roundabout journey.--VI. In the wilderness. How spring came in New England. Captain John Smith.--VII. Being a boy. On horseback. Mexican notes. The Golden Hesperides.--VIII. Studies in the South and West, with Comments on Canada.--IX. Washington Irving. The work of Washington Irving. Our Italy.--X. Their pilgrimage.--XI. A little journey in the world.--XII. The golden house.--XIII. That fortune.--XIV. As we were saying. As we go. Fashions in literature.--XV. Biographical sketch [by T.R. Lounsbury] The relation of literature to life. Simplicity. "Equality." What is your culture to me? Modern fiction. Thoughts suggested by Mr. Froude's "Progress". England. The English volunteers during the late invasion. The novel and the common school. A night in the garden of the Tuileries. The people for whom Shakespeare wrote.

Inventaire sommaire des Archives départementales antérieures à 1790. Bouches-du-Rhône. Archives civiles. Série B.

Vol. 2 has imprint: Marseille, Typographie et lithographie Cayer; v. 3 suppl. and 4 pub. in Marseilles.

Lettres édifiantes et curieuses, écrites des missions étrangères.

t.1-5. Mémoires du Levant.-- t.6-9. Mémoires d'Amerique.-- t.10-15. Mémoires des Indes.-- t.16-24. Mémoires de la Chine.-- t.25-26. Mémoires de Indes et de la Chine.

Vocabulaire oriental, français-italien, arabe, turc et grec : composé pour la conversation usuelle, et dans lequel se trouve figurée la pronunciation a l'aide des lettres françaises ....

Half-title: Vocabulaire quintiglotte.

Bibliothèque archéologique et historique.

At head of title: 1921-1941, Haut-commissariat en Syrie et au Liban (with slight variations). Service des antiquités et des beaux-arts; 1941-1943, Haut commissariat de l'Êtat français en Syrie et au Liban. Service des antiquités; 1945, Délégation générale de la France au Levant. Mission archéologique permanente; 1946- Institut français d'archéologie de Beyrouth; <2005->, Institut français du Proche-Orient.

The poetical works of Geoffrey Chaucer /

Three-quarter bound in maroon levant morocco, with gilt borders and tooling on spine; marbled covers and endpapers; gilt top edge; uncut.

Archaeological Identification and Significance of ÉSAG (Agricultural Storage Pits) at Kaman-Kalehöyük, Central Anatolia

Evidence for the presence of storage pits described in Hittite texts by the Sumerogram "ÉSAG" is presented from Kaman-Kalehöyük, a multi-period tell site in central Turkey occupied during the second and first millennia BC. Small earthen pits matching the description of "ÉSAG" were part of the normal suite of domestic installations at the site throughout the period. Similar to pits seen across western Eurasia, they were probably used to store seed corn or seed for trade. Large earthen pits (>7m in diameter) were also present that matched the description of the "ÉSAG" form, and in some cases contained archaeological cereal remains. Evidence from Kaman shows "ÉSAG" were part of Anatolian life for at least 4,000 years and suggests that the term was generic for lined, earthen storage pits. The presence of so many small pits at Kaman-Kalehöyük showed that it was an agricultural production site for much of its existence. The appearance of the large pits, confined to the Hittite period, reflects centralised control of grain supply, probably by the Hittite Kingdom, and fits a pattern seen at other sites in the region during the second millennium BC. /// Hitit metinlerinde Sumerogram "ÉSAG" ile tanimlanan depo çukurlarinin varliğina dair kanit, Orta Anadolu'da M.Ö. İkinci ve Birinci binde iskan edilmiş çok dönemli bir yerleşim alani olan Kaman-Kalehöyük'ten taninmaktadir. Küçük toprak çukurlar "ÉSAG" in tanimlamasina uygun olarak bu dönem süresince normal ev düzeninin bir parçasi olarak karşimiza çikmiştir. Çukurlar, Bati Avrasya'daki benzer çukurlar gibi olasilikla ticaret maksadi ile misir tohumu ya da tohum muhafaza etmişlerdir. "ÉSAG" formunun tanimina uyan büyük toprak çukurlara (çapi 7m. den büyük) rağmen bunlarin tahil depolama ile ilgili bağlantilari tam olarak belirlenmemiştir. Kaman'daki delil, "ÉSAG" in en az 4,000 yildir Anadolu yaşaminin bir parçasi olduğunu ve bu sözcüğün sivanmiş toprak çukurlar için kullanildiğini işaret etmektedir. Kaman-Kalehöyük'te ele geçen birçok küçük çukur, yerleşimin varliğini sürdürdüǧü sürecin büyük bir bölümünde zirai üretim yapildiğini göstermektedir. Hitit Döneminde büyük çukurlarin ortaya çikmasi muhtemelen Hitit Kralliği tarafindan gerçekleştirilen tahil tedarikinin merkezi kontrolünü yansitmakta ve M.Ö. İkinci binde bu bölgedeki diğer yerleşim alanlarinda görülen şekle uymaktadir.

Wild plant seed storage at Neolithic East, Turke

Full analysis of eight seed samples collected in the 1960's excavations at Neolithic Catalhoyuk East, Turkey, is presented. Detailed investigation of the composition and context of the samples suggests that the Neolithic population collected, processed and stored seeds from Capsella sp. and Descurainia sp. (wild crucifers) for food use. In addition seeds of Vicia/Lathyrus sp. (wild vetch), Helianthemum spp. and Taeniatherum caput-medusae mixed with Eremopyrum type (grasses) were also found, some of which may have been used for food or other purposes. The analysis demonstrates that wild seed exploitation was a regular part of subsistence practice alongside the economic staple of crop production, and again demonstrates how diverse plant use practices were at the site.

Molecular markers and human history: A tale of two haplogroup systems

To chronicle demographic movement across African Asian corridors, a variety of molecular (sequence analysis, restriction mapping and denaturing high performance liquid chromatography etc.) and statistical (correspondence analysis, AMOVA, calculation of diversity indices and phylogenetic inference, etc.) techniques were employed to assess the phylogeographic patterns of mtDNA control region and Y chromosomal variation among 14 sub-Saharan, North African and Middle Eastern populations. The patterns of genetic diversity revealed evidence of multiple migrations across several African Asian passageways as well within the African continent itself. The two-part analysis uncovered several interesting results which include the following: (1) a north (Egypt and Middle East Asia) to south (sub-Saharan Africa) partitioning of both mtDNA and Y chromosomal haplogroup diversity, (2) a genetic diversity gradient in sub-Saharan Africa from east to west, (3) evidence in favor of the Levantine Corridor over the Horn of Africa as the major genetic conduit since the Last Glacial Maximum, (4) a substantially higher mtDNA versus Y chromosomal sub-Saharan component in the Middle East collections, (5) a higher representation of East versus West African mtDNA haplotypes in the Arabian Peninsula populations versus no such bias in the Levant groups and lastly, (6) genetic remnants of the Bantu demographic expansion in sub-Saharan Africa. ^