Diable et diableries : l'identité québécoise à travers les contes de chasse-galerie

Mémoire numérisé par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal

Nakagami Kenji : un projet littéraire et social autour du statut des intouchables japonais

L’étude porte sur la question des burakumin, les intouchables japonais, dans deux oeuvres de l’écrivain japonais Nakagami Kenji (1946-1992), lui-même issu de cette communauté. Mille ans de plaisir, recueil de six contes basés sur des récits de vie, et le roman Miracle forment une suite organisée autour des mêmes lieux, des mêmes personnages et des mêmes thèmes. Ils décrivent la condition sociale d’une collectivité mise au ban de la société japonaise malgré sa modernisation. Ils se distinguent par leur caractère d’ethnofiction. Nakagami cherche à réhabiliter les burakumin en valorisant le patrimoine religieux et folklorique dont ils sont dépositaires. Il puise dans les genres traditionnels comme le monogatari ou les contes et légendes du Japon. Il s’inspire également d’auteurs modernes japonais (Mishima, Tanizaki) et d’auteurs étrangers (Faulkner, García-Márquez). À partir de cet intertexte et pour faire barrage à l’occidentalisation, il élabore un style « hybride » digne de la littérature nationale (kokubungaku). Les oeuvres traditionnelles sont réinterprétées dans une esthétique postmoderne ayant une fonction ironique et critique contre l’idéologie impériale répressive qui continue d’alimenter la discrimination envers les burakumin. L’analyse porte sur les procédés qui sous-tendent le projet social et le projet littéraire de l’auteur. Elle se divise en trois parties. La première donne un aperçu biographique de l’auteur et décrit les composantes de son projet social qui consiste à vouloir changer l’image et le statut des burakumin. La deuxième partie décrit les éléments religieux et folkloriques des deux oeuvres et analyse en contexte leur signification ainsi que leur fonction, qui est de mettre en valeur les traditions préservées par les burakumin. La troisième partie montre en quoi le répertoire traditionnel (monogatari) et les intertextes sont mis au service du projet littéraire proprement dit.

Continuation and discontinuation of local institution in community based natural resource management

Currently the push toward frontier areas, which until twenty years ago were still largely untouched by commercial agriculture, is taking place on a massive scale. This push is being driven not the least by global economic developments, such as the price increase of agriculture commodities like coffee and cocoa. In most cases the indigenous communities become trapped between the state monopoly in natural resource management and the competition for resources by external actors. In this processes the indigenous communities start to lose their access to resources. Another victim in this process is the environment where the natural resources are imbedded. International and national organizations working to conserve environment have became conscious of the important role that indigenous people could fulfill as partners in this endeavour. This partnership in struggle has produced a new discourse on the relationship between indigenous people and their environment. As a further consequence, programs were set up to develop what became known as Community Based Natural Resource Management (CBNRM) with its numerous variations. Based on a case study in a village on the eastern border of the Lore Lindu National Park in Central Sulawesi, this study questioned the basic assumption behind the concept of Community Based Natural Resource Management (CBNRM). Namely the assumption that communities living at the margin of forest are socially and culturally homogenous, still more or less egalitarian, and basically living in harmony with their natural environment. This study was inspired by the persistent critique – although still a minority – on the basic assumption the CBNRM from academicians and practitioners working through the Entitlement perspective. Another inspiration was the mounting critique toward the participatory approach. In its effort the study explore further the usefulness of certain approaches. One of the approach much relied on in this study was the local history of the community studied, through exerting oral and local written documents on local history, legends and local stories. These sources proofed quite capable in bringing the local history into the light. Another was the actor oriented approach, which later came to be supported by the concept of Social Pool Resources. The latter concept proofed to be useful as analytical instrument to integrate social institutions and the common pool resources, as a field of action for the different actors as human agencies.

Gestor de contenidos del geoportal de la IDE del Calbildo Insular de la Palma

Dos de los problemas más comunes presentes en las Administraciones que gestionan Información Territorial a través de una IDE, son la dificultad de que los técnicos para gestionar y actualizar la información, y la dependencia tecnológica de terceros. Parte del problema de la actualización y gestión de la información lo hemos solucionado con el desarrollo de un Gestor de Contenidos del Geoportal y de los servicios WMS, que se liberará como software libre. El Gestor funciona a través de una navegador web estándar donde el usuario, tras validarse, accede a la configuración y publicación de servicios que le permite entre otras: crear nuevos WMS, gestionar los WMS existentes, gestionar las capas del Geoportal, generar leyendas, gestionar usuarios, etc. De este modo, un usuario no técnico y sin conocimientos avanzados de geomática puede publicar capas como servicios WMS sin dificultad

Tradició i llegenda: Sant Narcís i les mosques

Presentació d’un dossier que tracta l’acostament crític a la figura del bisbe Narcís i als prodigis que li han estat atribuïts, així com a la producció historiogràfica i artística que ha generat el mite

Mosques, sants i política a la Catalunya moderna. L’episodi del setge de 1653

Repàs de les posteriors referències en documents d’arxiu al miracle de les mosques als setges de Girona

LEGENDiary: web 2.0 y app móvil

LEGENDiary es un geoportal 2.0 que permite compartir y explorar las leyendas y cuentos característicos de las ciudades de una manera dinámica y colaborativa. Muchas veces las leyendas forman parte de la historia y cultura de nuestros pueblos o ciudades, LEGENDiary nos permite conocerlas según el territorio donde se ubican. La iniciativa promueve nuevas formas de conocer y explorar el territorio, en general, y las leyendas y cuentos de nuestros pueblos y ciudades, en particular. Un proyecto que permite a los usuarios interactuar y ser protagonistas de esta experiencia. El proyecto parte inicialmente de un contexto español, y se trata de un proyecto hecho a medida de todas aquellas personas interesadas y con curiosidad en compartir, conocer y explorar las leyendas en el territorio. La combinación de las Tecnologías de la Información Geográfica y las Tecnologías 2.0 es el escenario donde surge LEGENDiary, aportando la componente geográfica a las leyendas y cuentos de los pueblos y ciudades en un contexto colaborativo. La iniciativa se lanza el día 16 de noviembre de 2011 en formato concurso con motivo del Día Internacional de los Sistemas de Información Geográfica (GISDay). Para llevar a cabo la aplicación se han utilizado dos librerías Javascript (Leaflet y jQuery) de código abierto y gratuito que permiten crear de forma rápida y ligera aplicaciones de mapas interactivos a través de navegadores web (de escritorio y móvil). Como mapa base se ha utilizado Open Street Map.LEGENDiary es una iniciativa del Servicio de SIG y Teledetección (SIGTE) de la Universidad de Girona en colaboración con el Departamento de Geografía y la Facultad de Turismo de la misma universidad, y con elapoyo del Hotel Llegendes de Girona

Escola Mãe Hilda: um estudo sobre a pedagogia da (re)construção da identidade negra

RESUMO: Objetivo - apresentar o contributo da Escola Mãe Hilda para a afirmação da identidade afro-brasileira na população estudantil da Cidade do Salvador. Especificamente: a) conhecer os fundamentos pedagógicos-curricular da Escola Mãe Hilda; b) analisar os materiais didáticos utilizados pela Escola Mãe Hilda; c) apresentar as metodologias de trabalho da Escola Mãe Hilda. Metodologia - quanto ao percurso metodológico, em razão da questão básica desta dissertação, optou-se por realizar pesquisa qualitativa de natureza etnográfica, envolvendo uma abordagem empírica voltada para a abordagem de distúrbios identitários, em suas diversas dimensões na auto-estima de afro-descendentes. Foram estudados aspectos que envolvem o currículo, a sala de aula e atividades a que estão expostas as crianças da Escola Mãe Hilda. Resultados - examinando- se os conteúdos dos Cadernos de Educação do Ilê Aiyê como proposta pedagógica da Escola Mãe Hilda, observou- se que seus fudamentos dão ressignificação aos alunos, em termos de superação de distúrbios identitários, isto é , proporcionar o desenvolvimento e construção da identidade negra naqueles afro-descendentes, devido à valorização estética do universo cultural africano e afro-brasileiro, reconhecendo a África como uma das matrizes legítimas da cultura humana, em geral, e da brasileira, em particular. Conclusão- a pedagogia da (re) construção da identidade negra na Escola Mãe Hilda pode contribuir para a desconstrução dos distúrbios identitários; sendo assim, recomendada para escolas em Salvador-Bahia e em outras regiões do Brasil. ABSTRACT: Objective- study Escola Mãe Hilda (EMH - Mother Hilda School) contribution to the affirmation of an African-Brazilian identity in Bahia’s black student population. In particular: a) understand EMH’s pedagogical and curricula core; b) analyze teaching materials used at EMH; c) show EMH’s work methodology. Methodology- due to the very nature of this dissertation’s basic inquiry, ethnography in nature qualitative research targeted at identity disturbances in its various dimensions regarding African descendents self-esteem was performed. Aspects regarding EMH curriculum and classroom activities were studied. The choice of ethnography as an observation tool followed empirical analysis of whether Ilê Aiyê’s Educational Booklets as adopted by EMH aids students with identity disturbances and how it promotes the development of a black identity in those black descendants. Results- it has been observed that EMH utilizes methodological and pedagogical resources such as: story-telling, written reports, images, objects, dances, music, letters, myths, gestures, legends, craftsmanship, and clothing as vehicles to re-assign students self esteem, as well as, build their critical and self-aware knowledge of black descendants identity. Conclusion.- EMH pedagogical work, by encompassing various types of cultural and artistic expressions, as detailed in the aforementioned booklets, values African and Brazilian-African references. This aesthetic valuation therefore promotes an identity ressignification and the reintegration of the black descendent since it works within the symbolic and cultural universe of the African and African-Brazilian culture recognizing Africa as a legitimate matrix of human culture, in general, and of Brazilian in particular. Conclusively, EMH black identity (re)construction pedagogy can contribute to deconstruct identity disturbances; and as such, can be recommended to be adopted at other schools in Salvador, Bahia and other regions in Brazil.

Lugares de Memória da Escravatura e do Tráfico Negreiro (Angola, Cabo Verde, Guiné-Bissau, Moçambique, São Tomé e Príncipe)

Throughout the lengthy duration of this extremely violent slavery phenomenon where man's cruelty is made evident, it gave rise to places of memory: monuments, toponyms, ethnonymns, stories, legends and myths. Collective memory has constantly recycled this basic fabric. The aim of this Catalogue, dedicated to acknowledging the memory of places in the Portuguese-speaking African countries, is to identify, list, map and give information about the different sites of memory: those that can be seen and touched, without however forgetting those which have re-enacted the creative process thanks to oral tradition.

Honorarios [adaptaciones y refundiciones en De la Cuadra y Aguilera-Malta] (Dossier: Cuatro narradores del 30, relecturas en su centenario)

Se contrasta Honorarios, obra dramática de Aguilera-Malta, y «Honorarios», el cuento de José de la Cuadra que la inspiró. El diálogo entre los dos autores fue explícito en diversos textos, así como en sus respectivos mundos literarios: nombres de personajes, motivos, leyendas, mitos, formas, ideología y demandas, actitudes e intereses. De la Cuadra dialogó a su vez con otros creadores. «Honorarios», e.g., recrea y reinterpreta la figura del mítico fetiche Moloch, según lo representan Metrópolis, del cineasta Fritz Lang, y Salambó, de Gustave Flaubert, la narración aludida es también una refundición en torno al tema del poder omnipresente y cruel, que requiere insaciablemente de víctimas propiciatorias. De igual manera, en su proceso creativo y de búsqueda expresiva, Aguilera-Malta acostumbró remozar y reformular temas en diferentes géneros literarios –como el de la lucha del ser humano frente a las fuerzas hostiles de la naturaleza y la sociedad, interpretado en La isla virgen, El tigre y Jaguar–. En Honorarios, Aguilera-Malta se concentró en hallar la manera de transferir la trama del relato «Honorarios» al género dramático. El resultado es una eficaz refundición, en términos de la perspectiva histórico-política y de reflexiones sobre la función de la literatura.

Water in the Indic Traditions

The essay critically discusses the predominant role played by water in the lives of people from Vedic times to the present day, in the Hindu world. A number of ceremonies both happy or auspicious-making and secular have been associated with water. Several hymns of the Vedas, Brāhmanas, Mahābhārata, Āgamic and Purānic texts are drawn upon to bring out the legends and myths, and genuine beliefs, connected with water that underscore the sacred and profane, purificatory, healing and resuscitating dimensions of water. The essay treats readers to many ancient motifs concerning the pervasive value and utility of water. These comprise, variously, sacrifice, fertility rites, water-medium birth, divine metamorphosis, self-conceiving cosmic birth, totemism life-cycle rites, sanctifications, consecration and installation of icons and edifices, food rituals, monsoon rites, to pacifications, possession and exorcism, death, after-life and rebirth rituals. Reference is also made to the ecology of water resources, the economy of water scarcity, ‘war-wars’ or water imperialism, and water justice in the socio-political arenas of post independent India, in a rapidly liberalising and globalising world. In that regard practical applications of the knowledge-base are explored through the work of NGOs and Water Swamis in the subcontinent.

Element of romanticization : sensory and spatial locations in the narratives of Indian diaspora in Australia

The “element of romanticization” or the constant yearning for ones roots—sensory and spatial locations—has become a phenomenon for different immigrant groups. As it is the politics of sensory and spatial locations that act as one of the core features that join Indian Diaspora across continents. The short stories analysed in this paper attempt to provide an understanding of the variety of interpretations of the sensory and spatial locations. We can note that in most of these stories the immigrants try to bring the Indian subcontinent to Australia with them by using myths, legends, historical facts, etc. These immigrants besides using myths also display a proudest possession, which reminds them constantly of home. These objects or icons or elements from the past, which the immigrants carry with them as cultural products are used as helpers in making a sense out of the alien situation presented before them. The paper concludes with the assertion that Indian-Australian short stories act as an important expression of the Indian way of life in Australia and may also effectively help in removing misconceptions and better understandings of local conditions thus encouraging fellow Australians to see differently within the cultural context of India and Australia.

Exploring the conceptual boundaries of diaspora and battlefield tourism: Australians' travel to the Gallipoli battlefield, Turkey, as a case study

Historical tourism resources associated with diasporic communities and battlefields would at face value appear to have little in common. On closer inspection, however, diaspora and battlefield tourism share several elements in common. These commonalities are explored in greater detail, with an eye to investigating battlefield tourism sites indelibly linked to the birth of modern nations, where it is argued that there is a particularly blurred boundary between these two forms of tourism that must be recognized. 

The Gallipoli battlefield, Turkey, provides the contextual anchor for this discussion in suggesting that a key reason Australians travel to this foreign place to is to find out what it means to be an Australian. The prominence of this battlefield in the psyche of Australians is borne out of the involvement of the Australian and New Zealand Army Corps (Anzac) in the First World War campaign that commenced at what is now known as Anzac Cove at Gallipoli on April 25, 1915. This campaign was the first united action of the fledging Australian nation bought together through federation in 1901.

Qualitative data collected from Australians visiting the Gallipoli battlefields in Turkey during 2010 is used to explore whether the experiences of those traveling to battlefields strongly associated with nation building legends and stories resemble those of diasporic tourists in seeking to return to their homeland. Emerging from the analysis, the confines of the blurred boundary between diaspora tourism and battlefield tourism is discussed in detail and an associated research agenda is proposed that aims to further clarify the scope of these concepts in relation to the broad spectrum of heritage tourism resources.

Espelhos partidos : leituras e releituras da lenda heróica dos atridas

O trabalho foi desenvolvido analisando-se a lenda heróica da família dos Atridas, através da trilogia grega Orestéia, de Ésquilo, relacionando-a com Les mouches, de Sartre, e com Électre, de Giraudoux, comparando-as também com as duas Electra, a de Sófocles e a de Eurípides, partindo da análise do “texto como produtividade”, segundo Roland Barthes, que trabalha a reescritura do texto realizada pelo leitor. Os textos escolhidos foram produzidos e encenados em momentos de guerra ou de sua iminência e, através do estudo dos ordenamentos jurídicos vigentes em cada época, foi possível comprovar que, na Atenas do século V, ocorre a construção do conceito de responsabilidade individual, superando-se a imposição da punição aos familiares e à descendência do criminoso, enquanto que na França ocupada pelo exército nazista ocorre o inverso: a responsabilidade pelos assassinatos cometidos pela Resistência é atribuída a toda a comunidade. Confrontamos as relações de poder engendradas e expostas nos textos, refletindo as que estavam ocorrendo no contexto histórico-político, concluindo que a tragédia grega se inseriu como mediadora da realidade político-social da polis, ao contrário das releituras francesas, que tinham uma inserção periférica na sociedade francesa de 1937 a 1944. É em busca de um sentimento de continuidade e de transcendência que ocorre o retorno às tragédias gregas e às suas releituras, visto que narram lendas heróicas que relembram, mesmo ao homem do século XXI, sua mortalidade e sua incapacidade de prever os desdobramentos de suas ações.

A leitura de literatura na escola: por uma educação emocional de crianças na educação infantil

This dissertation examines the contributions of juvenile literature reading for the problematization of the emotional experiences and conflicts of children at infant education. Its importance consists in providing useful information for the pedagogic work orientated to literature reading at the initial series of basic education, in order to increase the teacher s ability to explore the literary text from its instigating and enriching nature in view of the child s emotional experiences and conflicts. It is methodologically based on the principles of the qualitative research, what characterizes it as a case study. The research focused a level V-infant education class with 28 students in 5-6 age group, at a public school of Natal, State of Rio Grande do Norte (Brazil). The used resources were: audio recording, field diary, and interviews. Seventeen classes were carried out and they consisted in reading sessions of classic and contemporaneous tales, fables, and legends which used different didactic strategies. These sessions were developed in accordance with the reading experience through scaffolding instructions as it was described by Graves & Graves. The theoretical references were the studies of Amarilha (1997/ 2006), Bettelheim (2004), Coelho (1987/2000), Damásio (2005), Del Nero (2003), Eco (1994/2006), Held (1980), Iser (1996), Jauss (2002), Stierle (2002), Wallon (2007), Telles (2006), Yunes (2003), and Zilberman (1987). The analyses showed that literary reading in class is a special environment for inclusion of the reader s subjectivity; as well as the inclusion of their emotional experiences and their conflicts within the story by way of helping children think and become suitable for dealing with their inner feelings. The literary reading is presented as an experiential and formative activity which helps children understand their emotions through a process of identification, exteriorization, and catharsis; what implies that the esthetic experience from the text makes possible the reader s self-knowledge and increases the perception of his inner feelings and objective reality so that this reader has emotional capital to deal with life difficulties. It is important to highlight that the discussions carried out in the class represented a field of sharing experiences through which each reader had the chance to present their experience of life to the others, including their sorrows and sufferings, in order to help them to develop best strategies to deal with the social environment